Kudzidza Kuwedzera: Rote Kudzidza kana Kuyeuchidza?

Itai Kuti Kuwedzera Kuwedzere

Kuziva kuparadzira chokwadi ndechimwe chikonzero chinokosha chekukwanisa kupedza marudzi ese epamusoro-masvomhu matambudziko, asi kudzidza hausi nyore nguva dzose. Kwemakumi emakore, vadzidzisi vakatsigira pakudzidza nekudzidzira kana kudzidzira kuchengeta mafuraji okuwedzera.

Rote Kudzidza Kudzidza Kushanda?

Kunyange zvazvo chirongwa ichi chekudzidza chinoshanda kune vamwe vadzidzi, mumakore gumi apfuura kana kuti tsvakurudzo inoratidza kuti iyi haisi nzira yakanakisisa yekudzidzisa kuwedzera.

Vadzidzi vanodzidza kuwedzera zviri nani kana vachikwanisa kuwana nzira dzekubatanidza, kugadzira chinangwa kana kunzwisisa zvimwe mitemo inotungamirira kuwedzera.

Imwe tsvakurudzo yekutsvakurudza inotaura nezve nzira idzi dzakasiyana dzekudzidza masvomhe sezvinyorwa --kutsanangurwa tsanangudzo uye tsanangudzo dzemasvomhu-based (Levenson, 2009). Tsanangudzo-inotsanangurwa ndiyo nzira iyo vadzidzi vanowana kuti vanorondedzera mazwi emasvomhu kune zvakaitika muupenyu hwavo chaihwo . Mamwe matsanangudzo aya maitiro anobatsira anogonawo kudzidziswa zvakajeka.

Zvinoshanda Kuwedzera mazano

1. Chimiro chekuona: Vana vazhinji pavanotanga kudzidza kuwedzera vachishandisa mashandisiro kana mifananidzo kuratidza boka rimwe nerimwe. Somuenzaniso, 3 x 2 yaizofananidzwa semapoka matatu emakerubhi maviri mumwe nomumwe. Mwana wako anogona kutarisa kunzwisisa kuti uri kumukumbira kuti aone nhamba iyo yakasikwa nematatu maviri.
2. Kuwirirana: Kudzidza kuwedzera nemaviri zviri nyore apo mwana wako akayeuchidzwa nezve "mbiri" dzake. Kuwandisa nhamba chero ipi zvayo neviri ndeyezvinhu zvakafanana nekuzviwedzera pachako.

1. Zero: Dzimwe nguva mwana wako angave akanetseka kunzwisisa kuti nei nhamba yakawanda ne zero iri nguva dzose. Achimuyeuchidza kuti chii chiri kukumbirwa kuratidza "mapoka ezero [chero nhamba ipi zvayo]" inogona kumubatsira kuona kuti hapana maboka akaenzana nechinhu.
2. Fives: Vakawanda vana vanoziva nzira yokudarika kuverengwa nevashanu. Chaizvoizvo chavari kuita chiri kuwedzera nemashanu. Kushandisa nheyo (minwe inoshanda zvakanaka) kuchengeta nhamba yekuti inguva yakaverengeka yaanoverengwa, mwana wako anogona kuzvigadzirisa nekuita zvishanu.

1. Makumi: Sekuwedzera kuburikidza ne gumi ndeyekufambisa chidimbu pane imwe nzvimbo, mwana wako wose anofanira kuwedzera kuwedzera 0 kusvika pakuguma kwenhamba. 5 x 10 = 50; kuwedzera 0 kusvika kumagumo kunotungamirira shanu kubva kune iyo nzvimbo kuenda kumakumi makumi mapfumbamwe.
2. Elevens: Paunowedzera neine chidimbu chimwe chete, mwana wako wese unoda kuisa kuisa nhamba iyoyo mumakumi uye nzvimbo. (11 x 3 = 33)

Pane imwe nguva mwana wako akadzidza mazano aya okuwedzera, anobata nzira dzekuwana mhinduro kune inenge hafu yematafura ekuwedzera. Pane dzimwe nzira kana tricks izvo, kunyange zvishoma zvakaoma, anogona kushandisa kushandiswa kwemahwendefa ose.

Zvimwe Zvakaoma Kuwedzera Kuwedzera Tricks

1. Nyechina: Nenguva dzose chero chinhu chinogona kufungidzirwa se "kuwirirana kaviri." Somuenzaniso, 2 x 3 yakafanana nekupindirana katatu kana 6. Kushandisa izvozvo sechinhu chekutanga, 4 x 3 inongova nyaya yekupeta kaviri kana 3 + 3 = 6 (yakaviri) uye 6 + 6 = 12 (iyo kaviri-yakapetwa kaviri).
2. Fives (kunyange nhamba): Kana kuverenga ne fives kunokundikana, kana mwana wako achiwedzera kunyange nhamba yezvose zvaanofanira kuita ndotora hafu yehamba iyoyo ndokuwedzera 0 shure kwayo. Semuenzaniso 5 x 6 = 30, iyo yakafanana nehafu ye6 ne zero pakuguma.
3. Fives (odd number): Itai kuti mwana wenyu abvise 1 kubva kuhamba yaanowedzera, eiite uye isa 5 shure kwayo. Semuenzaniso 5 x 7 = 35, iyo yakafanana ne7-1, hafu ine 5 shure kwayo.

1. Nini (finger method) : Itai kuti mwana wenyu aise mavoko ake pamberi pake. Mimwe yacho kuruboshwe ndeye nhamba 1 kusvika ku5; ruoko rworudyi runotanga kusvika 6 kusvika ku10. Nechinetso 9 x 2, aikotama pasi wake wechipiri. Nhamba yeminwe kuruboshwe rwekakotama pasi nemunwe ndiyo nhamba mumakumi makumi mapfumbamwe uye nhamba yeminwe kurudyi yemunwe wakabatwa ndiyo iyo nzvimbo. Nokudaro, 9 x 2 = mumwe munwe kuruboshwe uye masere kurudyi kana 18.
2. Nini (inowedzera ku 9 nzira): Itai kuti mwana wenyu abvise 1 kubva kuwandu yaanowedzera. Saka, nokuda kwe9 x 4, aizowana 3, iyo yaaiisa mumakumi makumi mapfumbamwe. Iye zvino anogadzira dambudziko rekuwedzera kuti aone kuti chii chinowedzera kune icho kuita mapfumbamwe, kuchiisa icho munzvimbo iyo. 3 + 6 = 9, saka 9 x 4 = 36.

> Sources:

> Levenson, Esther (2009). Shanduro yechishanu yevadzidzi vekushandisa uye zvavanoda zvemasvomhu uye zvinyorwa zvinotsanangurwa. Dzidzo dzeZvesheni muMathematics, V73 (2), pp121-142.

> Van de Walle, John, uye Folk, Sandra. Elementary uye Middle School Mathematics - Teaching Developmentally. Canadian ed. Pearson Dzidzo Canada, 2005