Chirwere chekuedzwa kwepabonde kunogona kuongorora mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu.
An amniocentesis, anowanzopfupiswa kusvika amnio, chirwere chekuongororwa chinowanzoitwa pakati pemasvondo gumi nemashanu kusvika kumakumi maviri ekuzvitakura. Izvi zvinosanganisira kubvisa zvishoma zveamniotic fluid (iyo inenge yakakomberedza mwana anenge achikura) kubva muchibereko. Iyo amniotic fluid inogona kuongororwa kuti ione kana fetus ine mamwe marudzi e-chromosomal defects.
Chii Chinoitika MuAnniocenteis?
Munguva yamniocentesis, an ultrasound inoshandiswa kufungidzira mwana.
Zvadaro, tsono ine tsvina yakaiswa mucheche pasi uye zvishoma (zvinenge imwechete) yeamniotic fluid inobviswa.
I amniotic fluid ine fetal skin cells izvo zvakasviba uye dziri kutenderera mumamniotic fluid. Aya masero eganda anotorwa kuenda ku laboratori uye testary karyotype inoitwa kuti ipe mufananidzo wemakromosomes emwana. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) kuedza kunogona kuitwawo.
Chiyero cheAmniocentesis Chei?
Muzhinji, kuongorora amniocentesis kwezvinhu zvitatu:
- chromosome zvisiri izvo zvakadai seArt syndrome
- neural tube zvipembenene zvakadai s spina bifida uye anencephaly
- dzakaberekwa nezvakaberekwa zvizvarwa zvakadai se cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, uye Tay-Sachs chirwere
Zvose FISH kuedza uye karyotyping zvakananga kuongorora ma chromosomes emu fetus kuti aone kana kana kwete iyo fetus ine Down syndrome kana imwe trisomy. Down syndrome, iyo inonziwo trisomy 21, ndiyo yakanyanya kufanana nekromosome isina kukwana uye inokonzerwa nokuva nekopi yekromosome 21.
FISH kuedza hakukupei mufananidzo wakakwana wemakromosomes ose emwana, asi inogona kukupa mhinduro nokukurumidza pamusoro pematrisomi. Migumisiro yekuedza kweFISH inowanikwa mukati me1 kusvika kune mazuva maviri. Karyotype inotora nguva (mavhiki maviri kusvika matatu), asi inokupa ruzivo rwakakwana pamusoro pemakromosomes emwana.
An amniocentesis anoedzawo mamwe maitiro echromosome kusanganisira trisomy 18 uye trisomy 13. Kuongororwa kunoona zvinopfuura 99 muzana zvezvisikwa zvose zvechromosome. Mukuwedzera, kuedza kweamniocentesis kwevhuraji yakasununguka, iyo yakadai se spina bifida uye anencephaly, kuburikidza nekuyera protein inonzi alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), iyo inoona 96 muzana yezvose zvakasununguka neural tube defect.
Izvo zvinotaurwa, hakuna amniocentesis kana chorionic villi sampling (CVS) inokwanisa kuedza zvose zvinokonzerwa nekuberekwa. Saka kana zviitiko zvinowanzobva kune amniocentesis zvinokurudzira, hazvirevi kuti mwana wako achava ane hutano.
Kana iwe uchinetseka pamusoro pehutano hwema genetic, iwe ungada kubvunza chiremba wako kana mazita ekupa mazano kana mazita ekugadzirisa kwepabonde kunowanikwa kune chirwere ichocho.
Kuwana Amniocentesis
Vakadzi vakawanda vanoshamiswa nekusava nemarwadzo amniocentesis. Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vakadzi vane chisimba chisingafadzi kana kuti kupwanya kunzwa munguva yekufamba, vazhinji havagoni kurwadziwa zvachose. Nzira yacho inowanzokurumidzira, uye inonzi ultrasound inoshandiswa muhutano hwose kuti iongorore nzvimbo yecheche uye kuti ive nechokwadi chokuti sindete haibati mwana.
Paunogamuchira migumisiro ye amniocentesis yako, unofanirwa kutaura nechiremba wako kana neine genetics nyanzvi pamusoro pezvipi zvinowanzoitika.
Zvakakosha kuwana ruzivo rwakarurama, kusvika kune rimwe zuva pamusoro pehupi hunoonekwa hunobva kune amniocentesis.
Amniocenteis Anofananidzwa Sei neCherionic Villi Sampling (CVS)?
Vose amniocentesis uye chorionic villi sampling vanoongororwa zvirwere zveprenatal uye iwe unongoda kuve nechimwe chezvinhu izvi panguva yekudzivirira. Kunyange zvazvo miviri miviri ichikupa ruzivo pamusoro pemakromosomes emwana, pane zvimwe zvakasiyana zvakasiyana pakati pemitemo.
An amniocentesis akasiyana nechirionic villi sampling (CVS) munzira mbiri:
- Nguva - An amniocentesis inoitwa gare gare mukudzivirira, panguva yechipiri chetatu. Inowanzoitwa pakati pemasvondo gumi nemashanu kusvika kumakumi maviri ekuzvitakura. Chiyero cheCVS, kune rumwe rutivi, chinoitwa mumutambo wekutanga, pakati pevhiki 10 kusvika ku13 yekuzvitakura.
- Zviwanikwa zvakawanikwa - Amniocentesis yose uye chorionic villi sampling ichakupa mufananidzo we fetal chromosomes iyo ichatsvaga Down syndrome pamwe nekuwedzera kuti 99 muzana yakarurama. Zvisinei, ne amniocentesis, chinhu chinonzi alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) chinotaridzwawo. Nhamba ye AFP mune amniotic fluid inogona kubatsira kuziva kana fetus ine neural tube kasina kukwana sepina bifida kana anencephaly.
Kwemakore akawanda, amniocentesis yaifungidzirwa kuva nehuwandu hwekuparara kwepabonde kuenzaniswa neCVS. Zvisinei, zvino yava kuzivikanwa kuti njodzi yokupererwa nemusana nekuda kweizvi nzira yakaderera pasi-inenge 1 300 kusvika ku1 500, iyo yakaitwa nemumwe munhu ane ruzivo rwezvinhu zviviri.
> Sources:
> American College yeAvistetricians uye Gynecologists (ACOG). (Nyama 2015). Kuongorora Kuongororwa Kwekuberekwa Kwekuzvarwa.