Kuberekwa kwakawanda kunowedzera, kunyanya kwamababa, uye kufarira kwevanhu vakawanda kunoramba kuchikura zvakare. Izvi zvinoguma mumibvunzo yakawanda, kusanganisira izvo iwe unodana mahedheni akasiyana emawanda. Dzidza nomenclature uye mamwe maonero pamusoro pevakazvarwa vakawanda.
Chinyorwa Chakanaka cheMatambudziko Okuberekwa
Izvi zvinokurumidza-kutaurwa zvinogona kukubatsira iwe kuziva chii chekushevedza setsama yezviwandu.
| Nhamba Yevana | Nguva Yakashandiswa |
|---|---|
| 1 | Singleton |
| 2 | Twins |
| 3 | Triplets |
| 4 | Quadruplets (quads) |
| 5 | Quintuplets (quints) |
| 6 | Sextuplets |
| 7 | Septuplets |
| 8 | Octuplets |
| 9 | Nonuplets |
Izvozvo zvinoshandiswa pamatare mana kusvika kune mapfumbamwe zvinouya kubva muchiLatin kune iyo nhamba. Single, twin uye katatu inobva kuMiddle English.
Mababa Maviri Anowanzobatana Kupfuura Matatu kana mazhinji
Maererano neUnited States National Vital Statistics Report, kune 33.4 mapoka emapatya akaberekerwa chiuru chimwechete chizvarwa chinorarama uye 101.4 sezvikamu zvitatu kana kupfuura pamakore 100 000 ekuberekwa.
Mune mamwe mazwi, mapatya akawanda anowanikwa (anenge 3 muzana yevose vanoberekwa vari kurarama) zvichienderana nekudzivirira nevana vatatu kana kupfuura (anenge 0.1 muzana yevose vanoberekwa vari kurarama). Izvi zvinogona kushamisa vamwe vanhu, vachitarisa nhamba yevana vakaberekerwa vakawanda vanoonekwa mune zvenhau kana pamusoro pezvinoitika kuterevhizheni.
Kuchinja mu Triplet uye High-Order Multiple Births
Chiyero chemapatya, katatu, uye mazera ekurera zvakatanga kukwira muma1980, kunyanya pakati pevatsvene vasiri vemuSpanishi vakadzi vane makore 25 uye kupfuura nekuda kwekushandiswa kwemishonga yekuberekwa uye kubatsira maitiro ekuberekorora.
Kunyange zvazvo chiyero chemaviri akaberekwa chichiwedzera nepamusoro pe50 kubva muzana, chiyero chetatu uye chikwata chepamusoro chezvikwata chakawedzera nevanopfuura 400 muzana.
Mutengo wacho wakakonzerwa nehutatu uye huwandu huwandu kubva muna 1998 kusvika muna 2004 uye kubvira ipapo wakanga uchingodonha, zvakare muboka rimwechete revanhu rinokonzerwa nekusimudza. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwekubatsira kurapa kurapa, kunyanya pakuendeswa kwemazamu mashoma.
Izvo zviyero zvichitatu katatu izvo zvaive mukutanga kwema1980. Izvi zvinokonzera nokuti njodzi dzekufa uye kurwara kwenguva refu zvinoramba zvichive zvakakwirira zvakapetwa katatu uye zvakapetwa zvakapetwa zvakanyanya kudarika zvinyorwa.
Kuzvarwa Kwakawanda Kwakaitika Sei
Unogona kushamisika chaizvo kuti mukadzi anobata sei vana vakawanda. Biology shure kwayo inofadza chaizvo.
Zvakafanana
Mwedzi woga woga, mukadzi anodonha mazai kubva kune ovary (iyo inonzi inonzi ovulation), iyo inogona kushandiswa nemurume kuti aumbe embryo uye, pakupedzisira, mwana anenge achikura kana mwana.
Kana mucheche uchinge waparadzaniswa kuva maviri kana mamwe mazai, mamwe mapatya (kana mamwe) angaguma. Nokuda kwekuparadzana kwemucheche, mapatya akafanana anopa DNA imwe chete. Ichi ndicho chikonzero ivo nguva dzose vane hutano hwakafanana.
Fraternal
Kune rumwe rutivi, vamwe vakadzi vanosunungura maawa anopfuura maawa panguva yekuvhota; ivo "vanononoka," saka kutaura. Nyanzvi hainyatsoziva kuti sei vamwe vakadzi vane hupombwe uye vamwe vasingatendi, asi kune inotendwa kuva chimiro chechimiro chacho-hyperovulation gene. Mukuwedzera, zera rinotamba basa, sezvo vakadzi vakwegura kudarika makore makumi matatu vane mikana yekusunungura maawa anopfuura imwe panguva yekuenda kumwedzi.
Kana mukadzi achibudisa maviri (kana kupfuura) mazai panguva yekuvhunga, ipapo imwe neimwe inogona kubatanidzwa nehupenyu hwakasiyana-siyana, huchiita mazai akasiyana.
Muchiitiko ichi, mapatya angave akabatana (asina kufanana), uye anogona kuva evanhukadzi vakasiyana kana yevakadzi.
Zvinofadza, dzimwe nguva zvose zviri pamusoro apa zvinowanikwa. Izvi zvingava zvakaoma kuputira musoro wako zvakapoteredza saka pano muenzaniso wekuti: Mukadzi anonzi hyperovulates, achibudisa mazai mazhinji mukati mekuenda kwake kumwedzi. Mazai aya anogadzirwa nemurume, uye imwe kana akawanda embryo iyi inoparadzaniswa. Muchiitiko ichi, mukadzi anogona kuva nemabereki akawanda (akadai seana mana) nevana vaviri vacheche vari mapatya nemaviri uye zvakafanana.
Zvinetso zveMataurirwo Akawanda
Mumatambudziko akawanda amai vanowanzova pangozi yezvinetso izvi:
- Kunyanya kunetseka kwehutachiona huzhinji kunotangira kuberekwa.
- Preeclampsia inowanzova yakawanda muhutano hwakakosha kupfuura pane mukadzi ane pamuviri kune rimwe.
- Kubata pamuviri kunowedzera mukadzi ari pangozi yakakura yekuita gestational chirwere cheshuga.
- Kushungurudzika kwePotpartum uye kuvabereki kwepakutanga matambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa zvingangowanzoitika kune vakadzi vanove nepamuviri yakawanda.
Shoko Rinobva Kunyanya
Kana iwe, shamwari yako kana munhu waunoda ari kutarisira vana vakawanda, zvakanaka kuti uwane ruzivo. Iva nechokwadi chekutaura nachiremba wako pamusoro pezvimwe nyaya dzakaoma zvakadai sematambudziko ekuberekwa uye kubata kwekudzivirirwa kwepakati pepamusoro pakuberekwa kwevasleton.
> Sources:
> American College yeVadzidzi uye Gynecologists. (July 2015). Kubata pamuviri. FAQ188, July 2015. https://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Multiple-Pregnancy.
> Martin JA, Osterman MJK, Thoma ME. Kuramba muTranslet uye Kuronga Kwekuwanda Kwemhuri dzakawanda muUnited States, 1998-2014. NCHS Data Brief No. 243, April 2016. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db243.htm.
> Multiple Births. Nzvimbo dzeDaase Control uye Kudzivirira. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/multiple.htm.
> Wenze SJ, Battle CL, Tezanos KM. Kurera Mazhinji: Mental Health yevanaamai nababa muvana vekutanga. Archives ye Women's Mental Health . 2015; 18 (2): 163-176. doi: 10.1007 / s00737-014-0484-x.