Basa iro MI rinotamba mukuti vana vanodzidza sei, uye izvo vabereki vanogona kuita
Kana wakanzwa izwi rokuti "kudzidza chimiro," unogona kunge wakaona zvakare kushandiswa kurondedzera kuti mwana anodzidza sei (semu, mwana mumwechete anodzidza zvakanakisisa zvakajeka apo mumwe achidzidza zvakanakisisa kuburikidza nekufamba). Dambudziko rezvirevo zvakadai ndeyekuti vana vose vanodzidza kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana (kuona, kubata, nezvimwewo) uye mwana paanokwanisa kuwana zvinyorwa zviri nani kuburikidza neimwe nzira panguva imwe chete, mwana iyeye anogona kudzidza chimwe chinhu chakanaka kuburikidza neimwe nzira imwe mamiriro ezvinhu.
Kunyora vana sevane chidzidzo chimwe chete "style" kana chimwe chinhu chisina kururama uye chinopera.
Nzira yakanakisisa yekunzwisisa hutano hwekuti vana vanodzidza sei kushandisa izvo zvakatsanangurwa se "multiple intelligences." Inotsanangurwa na Howard Gardner, Hobbs Purofesa weCognition uye Dzidzo pa
Harvard Graduate School of Education, multiple intelligences, kana MI, inopikisa pfungwa yokuti kune humwe huchenjeri hunoberekerwa nehwo hunokwanisa kuyerwa - sekunge neIQ miedzo - uye kuti huchenjeri hunogone kuchinjwa. Maererano neHardner, kune vanhu vane maonero 8 akasiyana-siyana, uye vanhu vose vanozvarwa nezvose izvi.
Dzidziso yaHardner yeM MI inotaurawo kuti vanhu vane mazano akasiyana-siyana euchenjeri akaumbwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzehupenyu uye zvakatipoteredza. Semuenzaniso, mwana mumwe angave ane unyanzvi hwemhanzi uye unyanzvi hwemasvomhu apo mumwe munhu angave ane unyanzvi hwakanyanya hwemitauro kana humwe hunyanzvi, uye aya maMI maitiro akasiyana akasiyana zvakasiyana nekuda kwezvakaitika kune mumwe munhu uye mararamiro akasiyana-siyana.
Chii Chinonzi Multiple Intelligences?
Heino mhando dzeMM sezvinotsanangurwa naDkt Gardner:
- Nharaunda: Kugona kuona, kugadzira, uye kushandisa chimwe chinhu munzvimbo, seyakakwanisa kufambisa ndege kana muvakisi kana chess player.
- Bodily- kinesthetic: Uhu hunyanzvi hunobatanidza nekushandisa unyanzvi hukuru hwemotokari kana unyanzvi hwakanaka hwemotokari kuti uzviratidze kana kuti uumbe, kudzidza, kana kugadzirisa zvinetso; kunosanganisira kurongeka uye kushandiswa uye kushandiswa kwemunhu wose muviri kana zvikamu zvemuviri zvakadai samaoko.
- Mimhanzi: Kukwanisa kuzviratidza uye kunzwisisa uye kugadzira kuburikidza nemimhanzi - nekuimba, kutamba zviridzwa, kuimba, kuitisa, nezvimwewo. Kunobatanidza hutano hwemimhanzi sekunzwisisika kumhanzi, inzwi, inzwi, mathimoni.
- Mutauro: Kuva nekwaniso yekuzviisa kune zvinoreva mazwi uye inzwi, rhythms, inflections, uye mamita emazwi, nenzira iyo munyori wenhetembo anogona. Inogona kusanganisira kuverenga, kunyora, kutaura, kufanana kune mitauro yekunze.
- Mathematical / Logical: Kukwanisa kunzwisisa nokunzwisisa maitiro uye hukama pakati pezviito nezviito kana zviratidzo, zvine ruzivo rwekombiyuta, unokwanisa kugadzirisa zvinetso zvakasiyana kuburikidza nepfungwa.
- Kushamwaridzana: Dzimwe nguva dzinonzi senjere dzevanhu, huchenjeri hwevanhu hunoreva kukwanisa kuwirirana nemanzwiro evanhu, manzwiro, uye mutsa . Vanhu vane njere dzakakwirira dzevanhu vanowanzova vakanaka pakukurukurirana uye kunzwisisa vamwe vanhu uye vakanaka pakushanda nevamwe.
- Kuzvibata: Kuziva manzwiro ako, mafungiro, kuzvidya mwoyo, uye unhu, uye kukwanisa kushandisa iko kunzwisisa uko pachako kuzvidzora zvido zvako uye maitiro uye kuita zvirongwa uye zvisarudzo.
- Zvinhu zvakasikwa: Kukwanisa kunzwisisa zvisikwa - zvirimwa, mhuka, zvakatipoteredza, nezvimwe .-- uye kuziva, kuongorora, kuisa, nekuzvinzwisisa uye kusiyanisa kwavo. Uchenjeri hunotibatsira kushandisa zvinhu uye maitiro muzvisikwa zvekusika kugadzira michina kana kugadzirisa zvinetso.
Vabereki Vanogona Kufunga Nezve MI Kubatsira Vana Kudzidza
Vabereki vanoziva kuti vana vane mikana yakasiyana uye vanofarira uye kuti kunyange vana vomunin'ina vanogona kunge vane unyanzvi hwakawanda hwepanyama uye zvavanoda uye zvisingadi. Mumwe mwana anogona kudya mabhuku uye kuda kutamba, mumwe anogona kuda mhuka, uye mumwe mwana angada mimhanzi uye masvomhu. Ndizvo kunaka kwevanhu - isu tiri zvisikwa zvakashamisa uye zvakasiyana, uye chero mubereki anoona mwana arikudziridza kufarira kwakanyanya uye kukanganisa nechimwe chinhu anoziva kuti vana vane vanhu vakawanda.
Asi sezvatinogona kuona zvido zvepanyama nemararamiro anobudirira mumwana, zvakakosha kuyeuka kusatumidza mwana sechinhu chimwe kana chimwe. "Tine chido chekuedza kutaura vana, zvakadai neIQ miedzo, uye paunenge uchiita izvozvo, iwe unowanzobhadhara zvishoma nezvishoma," anodaro Mindy L. Kornhaber, purofesa wehusangano paDhipatimendi reZvesiti Dzidzo Studies pa Pennsylvania State University. Somuenzaniso, patinoti mwana anodzidza zvakanakisisa kuburikidza nekushanda nemaoko ake, hatisi kungozvidza chete kuti vana vose vanodzidza kuburikidza nemhando dzose dzemhando dzakasiyana, asi kuti iyo vakadzidza zvakanakisisa kana izvo zvavanogona zvakanaka zvinogona kuchinja munguva . Dzimwe nzira vabereki vanogona kuchengeta nekusimbisa MI muvana:
- Shandisa nguva nevana uye ona zvavanoda. Nzira chete iyo iwe uchakwanisa kuchengeta zvaanoda ndeyokushandisa nguva nemwana wako kuita zvinhu zvakafanana sekudya kana kutamba mitambo. Bonus: Tsvakurudzo yakaratidza kuti izvi zvinowanzobatsira vana vana: Nguva dzose mhuri dzekudya dzakaratidzirwa kuvandudza utano hwevana nehutano, kuvaka simba rakasimba mupfungwa uye mupfungwa, uye zvinotungamirira kumararamiro akanaka; uye kutamba uye kutamba nevana kwakabatanidzwa kuvana vachikura vachiva vanonzwira tsitsi , vashoma kuzvidya mwoyo , uye vanofara.
- Kukoshesa simba remwana pane kutarisa zvaasingaiti. Imwe dambudziko rekuisa vana vana mazita ndeyokuti kana tikaita izvi, tinowanzoona zvinhu maererano nezvisipo, anodaro Kornhaber. Panzvimbo yekufunga, "Mwana wangu haasi akanaka pakudzidza kuverenga kana kunyora," ita kuti mwana wako anzwe kudada mune zvinhu zvaanofarira uye zvaanofarira. "MI inobatsira vabereki, vadzidzisi, uye vana pachavo vanoziva simba revana uye kuti izvi zvingashandiswa sei kuvabatsira kudzidza nekugadzirisa zvinetso," anodaro Kornhaber.
- Ita mwana wako nenzira dzakasiyana. Kana mwana wako ari kutambura kuverenga hurukuro pamusoro pehurukuro yekuchikoro, unosimbisa chivimbo chake nekuita naye mune dzimwe nzira apo iwe uchimubatsira kushanda paunyanzvi hwokunyora. Somuenzaniso, kana akafanirwa kunyora nezvehupenyu hwematatya, unogona kumubvunza zvaakadzidza (zvichida ari kutarisa vhidhiyo uye anogona kutsanangura kuti frog inobata sei uye inoshanduka kuva tadpole, somuenzaniso), anodaro Kornhaber. Kumbira kuti atore mufananidzo wekuti izvo zvingaita sei, kana kuti kukuudza pamusoro pemagadzirirwo akasiyana kana mavara ematatya.
- Chimbofunga zvatinotarisira nhasi. Kunyange zvazvo vana vaduku nhasi vari kutarisirwa kuverenga uye kuva nehutano hwemasvomhu pamakore vaduku nevechidiki kunyange nevadzidzisi vekuchikoro vari kutarisirwa kuti vaite mabasa epamba uye vanoita zvakanaka pakuedzwa, chokwadi ndechokuti vana vaduku vakanga vasingatarisiri kuita zvinhu izvi kunyange chizvarwa chakapfuura . Nezvinetso zvakawedzerwa zvinouya zvakanyanya kutarisira, asi izvozvo hazvirevi kuti vana vaduku vari pasi pegorosi 3 vanofanira kunge vachikwira kuburikidza nechitsauko mabhuku. Kunze kwekuti iwe uone zviratidzo zvezvinetso zvekudzidza , edza kuzvidzora uye kurega mwana wako akure pakarepo.
- Ngwarira kuti ichinyorwa. Purogiramu yekunzwisisa kwemwana ndiyo iyo iyo panguva iyoyo-haisi iyo ichagara iripo. Ratidza mwana wako kumarudzi ose emabasa uye zvakaitika uye kumurega kuti adzidze uye akure nenzira yake.
- Tarisa kukosha kwevamwe intelligences. Muzvidzidzo zvekare, tinokoshesa nekurumbidza zvose izvo vana vanozviwana uye vanogovana nesu; asi nechechi yechitatu, vana vanotarisirwa kuti vave vakanaka pamatomu uye vachiverenga kana vakanyorwa sevasingave vadzidzi vakanaka, anodaro Kornhaber. Zvino kana vana vachipedza uye vopinda munyika, zvinhu zvinotanga zvakare uye nzira dzakasiyana dzekuwana uye kugovana ruzivo uye kuva nehumwe hutano nemararamiro anokosheswa zvakare, uye vana MI vekuzvarwa avo vaiva pakutanga vanotarisirwa kuti vose vadzoke. "Kukoshesa chete mutauro uye masvomhu uye kwete mamwe mazano anogadzirisa vana," anodaro Kornhaber.
Zvikoro Zvingashandisa Sei MI Kubatsira Vana Kudzidza
Sezvo munhu mumwe nomumwe ane unhu hwake hwakasiyana nehuchenjeri, vadzidzisi vanofanira kupa ruzivo-uye kurega vana kuratidza zvavakadzidza-nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Somuenzaniso, mudzidzisi anokwanisa kudzidzisa vana pamusoro, vanoti, mvura inotenderera, kwete kungotaura pamusoro payo pamberi pekirasi asiwo nekuita firimu pamusoro payo kana nekuita vana vachigadzira mienzaniso kana kuti kuzviita kuti varatidze zvavakadzidza . "Vadzidzisi vanogona kufungisisa nezvekuwana zvikamu zvevadzidzi vakasiyana," anodaro Kornhaber. "Kana mwana asingasimudzi pakuverenga, unogona kufunga nezvezvaanoda. Kana achida mishonga, unogona kuita kuti mwana atore mishonga uye anyore zvikamu uye ataure kuti anoshandiswa sei kana kuti sei inoshanda. Anogona kuverenga pamusoro pemakina. "Anotaurawo muenzaniso wechikoro chepuraimari umo mudzidzisi wezesayenzi uye mudzidzisi wezvidzidzo zvevanhu vevanhu vakashanda pakugadzira nyanzvi yekuchera matongo pane imwe nzvimbo. "Vakagadzira mapeji enzvimbo yacho, vakatsvakurudza nhoroondo yenharaunda yacho, vakadzidza maitiro ekufambisa kubva kune imwe nzvimbo yezvinochera matongo kusanganisira nzira yekutarisira zvinhu zvavakafukura, vakaita tsvakurudzo yekuona zvinhu, uye akavandudzwa kubva pane izvi zvose Chaizvoizvo museum inoratidza, "anodaro Kornhaber. "Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuti vadzidzisi vashandise simba rakasiyana-siyana kuburikidza nekufungisisa zvidzidzo nekugadzirisa maitiro."
Kupa nyaya yacho nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana kunoita zvinhu zviviri zvinokosha: Inopa vadzidzi mikana yakawanda yekunyatsonzwisisa mashoko (vamwe vana vangadzidza zviri nani nekuverenga pamusoro payo, vamwe nekuita nyaya, vamwe nekuita chimwe chinhu chakaenderana nehurukuro nemaoko avo) , uye panguva imwechete, inobatsira vadzidzi vose kunzwisisa zvakanyatsonzwisiswa uye zvakadzama nokuti zvino vanogona kufunga nezvazvo nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, vachivapa ruzivo rwakawanda rwekudzidza, vachivabvumira kufunga nezvechinhu nenzira dzakasiyana, nekubatsira Vadzidzise nyaya yacho. Kunzwisisa MI kunogona kubatsira vadzidzisi nevabereki kwete kungopa vana ruzivo rwekudzidza ruzivo, asi rubatsiro runoita kuti kudzidza kuve kunakidza nekupa mubayiro kune avo.