Mukudengenyeka kunoshamisa, NIH inoti vana vaduku vanofanira kunge vachidya puroteni yemapenetini
Kusvikira muna 2008, nyanzvi dzakanga dzakurudzira kuti vana vakanga vari pangozi yakakura yezvipembenene zveperetti zvakanakisisa vadzivise zvokudya zvine mapeji kusvika makore matatu. Uyezve, vanaamai vakadaro vakakurudzirwa kuti vasaita mapeji panguva yekuzvitakura uye lactation. Izvi zvinoratidzika zvinoratidzika kunge zvine musoro. Mushure mezvose, haufaniri kudyisa mapeiniti emapuroteni kumwana anogona kuenderera mberi kukurudzira hupenyu hunotyisa anaphylaxis, chirwere chakakomba chirwere chinokanganisa zvirongwa zvemuviri uye chinogona kukurumidza kuvhara panzira iyo isina kutorwa pakarepo.
Mukugadzirisa kwakakwana kwakavakirwa pakutsvakurudza, muna 2017 nyanzvi dzakarudzira kuti vacheche vari pangozi yakakura yekugadzira peanut kurwisa panzvimbo pacho kunogona kudyidzwa zvikafu zvine mapeanuts kubva mumwedzi mina kusvika kumatanhatu. Zvinoita sokuti, kuisa muromo kumapapiro muvana ava hakuiti kutyisidzira kwehupenyu, asi kunogadzirisa mwana kumapanga. Mune mamwe mazwi, nekudya michina yepanethi achiri muduku, vacheche vari pangozi yepamusoro peanut allergy havashanduki .
Tisati tatanga, ngatitei pfungwa shomanana dzakajeka. Chokutanga, vacheche havafanirwi kudyarwa zvizhe zvizere kana peanut butter yakazara, izvo zvose zviri zviviri zvinokonzera njodzi, uye panzvimbo pacho zvinodyiwa zvokudya zveguruva zvine zvokudya, zvakadai sekudiridza-pasi peanut butter kana kunya. Chechipiri, vasati vadyidzana vanodyiswa mishonga yepanut, anofanira kutanga agadzirira uye anokwanisa kudya zvokudya zvakasimba.
Peanut Allergies on the Rise
Mune imwe nyaya ya2010 yakabudiswa mu Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , vatsvakurudzi vakawana kuti kuwanda kwehupfu hwechirwere pakati pevana veUnited States kwaive kubva kubva ku 0.4 muzana muna 1997 kusvika ku4 muzana muna 2008, chimiro chinomiririra mamiriyoni evana.
Nhoroondo, kufanana kwakadaro kwakakwirira kwakange kuchinyorwa mune dzimwe nyika, zvakare, kusanganisira Canada, United Kingdom neAustralia.
Sezviri pachena, kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehutachiona husina maturo hakune chokuita nehupo hwehuvhu, izvo zvakaramba zvichiripo mukati memakore makumi mana akapfuura.
Maererano nevatsvakurudzi:
"Kunyatsofunga nezvechikonzero chekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemakemikari emakemikari mukati mevana kunosanganisira kuwedzera kwemaitiro ekanwa epeanut, kuiswa kwepanutani nguva pfupi apo maitiro ezvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira asati apera, kunonoka kushandiswa kwepananut mukati mokudya, uye kusununguka kwezvakatipoteredza kune peanut pasina kuisa . "
LEAP Chidzidzo
Migumisiro inobva Kudzidza Pakutanga nezvePeanut Allergy (LEAP) Chidzidzo chakabudiswa muThe New England Journal of Medicine muna 2015 chakashandura kunzwisisa kwehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwehutano pamusoro wayo.
Mune muedzo uyu wakangwara, vatsvakurudzi vakapa vana 640 vane chirwere chakanyanya, mazai, kana zvose-zvose zviratidzo zvepagani zvinokonzerwa nengozi-kune rimwe boka rekuedza , umo macheche aidyirwa mishonga yepanut, kana kuti boka rinodzora , umo vana vaidzivirira peanut mishonga kusvikira mwedzi 60 yemakore. Vatsvakurudzi vakawana kuti kuiswa kwekutanga kwezvigadzirwa zvepagani muvana vakanga vari pangozi yakakura yepanut allergy zvakakonzera kukura kwekukura kwezvinhu zvakadai pamwe nekugadzirisa mafungiro emumune kumapungu. Kunyanya, kuiswa kwekutanga kwemakungu kunopedza dambudziko rekugadzirwa kwepanut rinokonzerwa ne 81 muzana.
Kufuridzirwa kwechidzidzo ichi kwakauya kubva pakutsvakurudza kwakapfuura kwakaitwa nevatsvakurudzi vakaratidza dambudziko rekugadzira peanut allergies kwaive kanopfuura gumi pakati pevana vechiJudha vanogara muUnited Kingdom kudarika zvaive pakati pevana veIsrael vanozvarwa vakadaro.
Mhedzisiro huru pakati pevanhu ava vaviri ndeyekuti vana vechiJudha muUnited Kingdom kazhinji havana kudya zviyo mumwaka wekutanga weupenyu; asi, muIsrael, zvipembenene zvakaiswa mukudya kwemwedzi minomwe yezera.
Dual-Allergen Exposure Hypothesis
Chikonzero nei vana vari pangozi yakakura yepanut allergy vasingakwanisi kukura zvakadai kudai kana kudya mishonga yemakemikari ingangove yakatarisana ne-double-allergen exposure hypothesis.
Chaizvoizvo, peanut allergens inogona kuiswa kune mwana ane ngozi yakawanda munzira mbiri. Chokutanga, nokuti avo vari pangozi yepamusoro yekumhanyisa vanowanzove nekasa, kana kuputika, mapainiti mapuroteni kubva kumamiriro okunze (semuenzaniso, mazamu epepanti pamatafura kana mafuta epepaniti mumakrisheni) anogona kuita kuti rutivi rwaro rukaputike.
Chechipiri, mapuroteni emapanini anogona kudyiwa nemuromo.
Kana vana vari pangozi yakawanda yekumhanyisa kunyoresa kunorayirwa kuti vasapedza kudya kwemishonga yemapanga, iyo nzira chete iyo marimu anogadzira nzira yavo muropa ndeyekudzivirira kweganda. Maererano ne-double-allergen exposure hypothesis, nzira iyi yekudzivirirwa inowanzoita kuti kuve nekushushikana kwehutachiona uye kukura kwechibage. Kune rumwe rutivi, kutanga kutaurira muromo mapeiniti kunounza kushivirira.
Mune mamwe mazwi, mucheche ari pangozi yakakura yepanut allergy iyo isingadyi zvakagadzirwa zvepanet muzvokudya zvake ichiri kuzarurirwa peanut protein mune zvakatipoteredza. Izvi zvingaita kuti tisava nehanya. Zvisinei, kana akadyiswa mishonga yemakemikari, anobva avhiringidzika kumakungu uye kushivirira kunowedzera.
Nhatu Nhungamiro
Mukuona kwemigumisiro yeChidzidzo cheLeAP pamwe nekunetseka pamusoro pehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehupfu hwekudya, muJanuary 2017, nhengo yezvenyanzvi uye komiti yekubatanidza yakaumbwa neNational Institute of Allergy uye Infectious Diseases yakabudiswa "peanut allergy" addendum ku 2010 mirayiridzo yekutanga inotaura nezvekutsvaga uye kutarirwa kwezvokudya zvekudya. Iyi addendum inokurudzira mitatu mitsva yekurapa kliniki .
Nhungamiro 1 inorayira kuti kana kacheche ane chirwere chakanyanya, yega kana zvose-uye saizvozvo iri pangozi yepamusoro yekumhanyisa-zvekudya zvine peanut zvinofanira kuiswa muzvokudya mushure memavhiki mana kusvika matanhatu kuti aderedze ngozi yekukura mapeanut allergy. Ndapota cherechedza kuti kune vana vane eczema yakaoma, kuiswa kwepeneteni mapuroteni kunoda mazano uye kutungamirirwa kwevanachiremba kana imwe nyanzvi.
Kunyanya, chiremba angatanga kuita chirwere chekushaya ropa kana kutumira mwana kumwana weharagiteri anokwanisa kuedza kuongorora ganda kuti aone kana zvakachengeteka kuti mucheche adye peanut protein uye kuti angachengetedze sei kudya kwepeanut zvine kudya. Zvinonyanya kukosha, vamwe vacheche vanoziviswa kumakungu anokura maitiro akakura ekurwisa (mavhiri makuru eganda) izvo chaizvoizvo vagara vashandura zvinorema uye havakwanise kubvumira kuiswa kwepungu muzvokudya pasina ngozi yevanaphylaxis.
Nhungamiro 2 inoratidza kuti kana mucheche ane eczema yakanyanyisa, zvekudya zvine gorova zvinofanira kuiswa muzvokudya mumwedzi inenge mitanhatu zvichikwanisa kuderedza dambudziko rekugadzira peanut allergy. Zvisinei, kuiswa kwepaneteti mapuroteni mukati mezvokudya zvevana vane mazamu ekuenzanisa uye pangozi yakaderera yekudzikisa peanut allergies haisi yezvinodiwa sekunge mwana wacho aine eczema yakaoma uye akawandisa mungozi yepanut allergy.
Mumucheche ane eczema inononoka, kuiswa kwepanut-ine zvokudya hakufaniri hazvo kutomhanyira-kunyanya kana kudya kwepanutari isiri chikamu chekudya kwemazuva ose. Sezvo nechecheche vane dambudziko rakaoma, kuiswa kwemishonga yemapanga muzvokudya zvevana vane eczema ine mwero kunogona kutanga kuitika pamba kana panguva yekudya pahofisi yechiremba zvichienderana nechiremba uye murwere.
Nehukama hweMitungamiri 1 ne2, tapota fungai mupfungwa kuti kusarudza sekuziva kuti chirwere chegungwa chiri chakanyanya here kana kuti chidiki chinogadzirwa nachiremba.
Nhungamiro 3 inoratidza kuti kune vana vasina eczema kana kudya kwemazuva ose, zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemucheka zvinotanga kuiswa nenzira yakakodzera uye pamwe chete nedzimwe zvokudya zvakasimba zvichienderana nemitambo yemhuri uye miitiro.
Pasi Pasi
Peanut allergy inotora huwandu hwepfungwa nehupfumi pamhuri dzakawanda kwete kwete muUnited States chete asiwo munyika yose. Muzhinji rwevanhu vane chirwere chinotapira, zvinokonzera kutangira panguva yehuduku uye zvinopfuurira muhupenyu hwose. Kuwanda kwehutachiona hweperetti kwawedzera zvikuru mukati memakore akawanda akapfuura.
Pamberi pegore ra2008, vana vakanga vari pangozi yepamusoro yekumhanya kwepaneti vakakurudzirwa kuti vadzivise zvokudya zvine marangi nemapuroteni emapanini. Zvisinei, isu zvino tinoziva kuti mune vamwe vacheche vari pangozi yepamusoro yehutano hwekudya, kutanga kwekudya kwepanut-ine zvokudya mukati mokudya kunogona kunyanya kuvhiringidza. Zvinorehwa nekuwana uku zvakanyanyisa, uye, mune ramangwana, kuiswa kwepakutanga kwepeneteni mapuroteni mukati mezvokudya zveavo vari pangozi yehutachiona hwekudya zvingangoita zvishoma nezvishoma kuderera kwehuwandu hwehupfu hwekudya.
Kana mwana wako asina cheanut allergies asi ari pangozi iyo (funga eczema, mazai anokonzera kana maviri kana maviri), chinhu chakanakisisa chokuonana nachiremba wako kuti akurukure kuiswa kwepeneteni mapuroteni mukati mokudya kwake.
> Sources:
> Zvinyorwa Zvitsvaviso zvekudzivirira Peanut Zvirwere muUnited States: Chidimbu cheVabereki nevanotarisira. https://www.niaid.nih.gov/sites/default/files/peanut-allergy-prevention-guidelines-parent-summary.pdf
> Du Toit et al. Randomised Trial of Peanut Consumption In Mucheche Ari Pangozi yePeanut Allergy. The New England Journal of Medicine . 2015; 372: 9.
> Pasina, G. Zvokudya Zvokudya Zvose Zvinokurudzirwa Sei? http://tna.europarchive.org/20120419000433/http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/howdoesfoodallergydevelop.pdf
> Sherehere, SH et al. Kuwandisa kweU.Sa self-inorondedzwa ruzha, muti wemuti, uye samoame zvinokonzera: makore gumi nemashure ekutevera. Nyaya yeAllergy uye Clinical Immunology . 2010; 125: 6.
> Togia A et al. Zvinyorwa zvinowedzera zvekudzivirira kwehutachiona muhutano muUnited States: Gwaro reNational Institute of Allergy uye Infectious Diseases-rakatsigirwa nyanzvi yemagetsi. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology . 2016.