Water Safety Basics
Water Safety
Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga nezvekuchengeteka kwemvura uye vane hanya nezvengozi dzekumira kana vana vavo vava pedo nemvura. Vanogona kunge vasina vana padziva ravo, vana vavo vanopfeka jekete rehupenyu, vatarisire kumativi ose emvura, uye kunyange kuvatora zvidzidzo zvekushambira.
Kunyange zvakadaro, kunyura ndicho chikonzero chinonyanya kukonzera rufu kusingarangariri kuvana anenge anenge makore ose uye vanenge 3 880 vanhu vanonaya gore negore muUnited States.
Izvozvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakakosha kuve nekuziva kunyura dambudziko mukati memumusha mako, uye:
- Isa kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza munzvimbo, zvakadai sedziva rakadzika mairi rakadzivirira kuparadzanisa gungwa rekushambira kumashure kubva kumba
- kwete kunwa doro pavanenge vachigeza, muchikepe, kana kutarisira vana mumvura
- ita nechokwadi kuti vafambisi vezvikepe nevana vasingakwanise kushambira zvakanaka nguva dzose vanopfeka Coast Guard vanobvumirwa kuti vafambise foni device
- Ngwarira kuvhara njodzi mukati mako nekukomberedza imba yako, kusanganisira madziva ari pedyo, dziva, uye mumigero
- dzidza CPR
Uye zvechokwadi, zvakakosha kudzidzisa vana vako kuti vashambire.
Kunyange zvazvo izvo zvaimboreva kurindira kusvikira vana vako vangave nemakore mana kana mashanu emakore, nyanzvi dzakawanda zvino dzinopa kuti vana vaduku vadzidze kuchengetedza unyanzvi hwokudzidzira kuti vave nechokwadi chokuti vakachengeteka kana vakapinda mumvura.
Kudzidza Zvidzidzo
IAmerican Academy of Pediatrics yakanga yava nenguva isiri yezvidzidzo zvekushambi zvevana vaduku uye vekuchikoro. Nzvimbo iyo yakashandurwa muna 2010, apo vakagadzirisa kupikisa kwavo kudzidzisa kushambira vana vaduku.
Chinonyanya kukosha cheAAP ndechekuti vana vose vanodzidza kushambira , zvisinei, kwete pamadzidzo ekutanga okushambira. Vabereki vari kufunga nezve nguva yakanakisisa yekutamba zvidzidzo vanofanira kuchengeta mupfungwa kuti AAP inotaura kuti "nemakore mana, vana vazhinji vanogona kudzidza kudzika kwemvura yakadzika, uye nemakore mashanu kana matanhatu, vazhinji vavo vanogona kunyatsoziva mberi kunokamba. "
Ndicho chikonzero vabereki vakawanda vanotanga kushambira zvidzidzo kana vana vane makore mana kuti vadzidze unyanzvi hwepamusoro uye voita zvidzidzo zvekare mugore rinouya, apo vana vakawanda vanodzidza chaizvo kushambira. Uye vanogona kupfuurira zvidzidzo zvekare shure kweiyo kuvandudza unyanzvi hwavo hwekushambira.
Kuponeswa Kudzidza Zvidzidzo
Kunyange zvazvo zvichiri kufungidzirwa kuti vana vakawanda havakwanisi kugadzirira zvidzidzo zvese zvekushambi-izvo zvavanogona kudzidza kushambira pachavo pachavo-kusvikira vangave nemakore mana, IAAP ikozvino inotaura kuti mamwe murayiridzo wekushambira rubatsiro rwekudzikisa njodzi yekudzikira vana vaduku pakati pezera remakore kusvika kune mana.
Ramba uchiyeuka kuti AAP haina kunyatsokurudzira zvidzidzo zvekushambira kwevana vaduku nevana vekuchikoro vasati vava nemakore mana. Hazvisi izvo zvinopesana nemhando idzi dzezvirongwa zvehutano hwehupenyu zvakare uye dzinotaura kuti vabereki vanofanira kunyora vana vavo kana vachifunga kuti "zvinobatsira zvepurogiramu yevana kana yepamusoro yepamusoro pemvura inowedzera chero njodzi dzinogona kuitika."
Ndezvipi zvinokonzerwa nengozi yezvidzidzo zvokutanga zvokushambira?
Zvinosanganisira chokwadi chokuti chinoita kuti vamwe vabereki vatende kuti vana vavo vanodonhedzwa-uchapupu, izvo zvinogona kuisa vana pangozi yakawanda yekumira. Panewo kunetseka kuti zvidzidzo zvokutanga zvekushambi zvinogona kuderedza mwana mucheche kana kuti mwana anotya mvura, achiita kuti vashandise pedyo kana mumvura pasina kutarisa.
Sangano reAmerican Red Cross Advisory Council paRubatsiro rwekutanga, Aquatics, Safety and Preparedness rinokurudzirawo kuti "vana vaduku vangasarudza kutanga kutambira zvidzidzo nokuda kwekugadzirira mvura yakagadziriswa uye kugadziriswa nemvura pane imwe nguva chero nguva mushure mekutanga kwekutanga gore rehupenyu. "
Zvidzidzo zvekutanga zvekushambira zvinodzidzisa unyanzvi hwekuchengetedza, kusanganisira kukwanisa:
- akazvigadzirira pashure pokunge apinda mumvura
- pfuurira mberi kwemahombekombe mumvura, akadai kune rumwe rutivi rwegungwa
- svetuka kana kutsika mvura kusvikira mumwe munhu achigona kuvabudisa kunze kwemvura
Kunyange zvazvo zvisingaverengi makore, Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) inoratidzika kuti inopfuurira mberi mune zvavanorayira kupfuura dzimwe nyanzvi dzakawanda, ichiti "Kuti kudzivisa kunyura, vabereki vose nevana vanofanira kudzidza kuchengetedza unyanzvi hwokudzidzira."
Vabereki vanosarudza rudzi urwu rwekupona kudzidzira unyanzvi hwokudzidzira vanogona kuwana makirasi kuYMCA yavo, American Red Cross Chapter, uye vari vega vacheche vacheche uye vacheche vacheche vachengeti vemvura.
Kudzivisa Mvura Kudzivirira Mistakes
Kudzidza kuchengetedza unyanzvi hwokunyorera kana kuinyora mune purogiramu yakadzika yemvura inogona kunge iri pfungwa yakanaka kune vamwe vana vaduku, asi haisi iyo nzira yakanakisisa yekuchengeta vana vako vakachengeteka pamvura. Nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira kunyura ndeyokutarisa vana vako kumativi ose emvura, kusabvisa mwana wako padziva, uye kuva nechokwadi chokuti vana vako vanogara vakapfeka Coast Guard-inogamuchirwa chipfeko chekufambisa yega munhu kana iri mukati kana pedyo nemvura.
Zvakakoshawo kudzivisa kukanganiswa kwemahombekombe emvura, akadai se:
- vachishandisa floaties sokutsvaga kweChipware -inogamuchirwa chipfeko chekufambisa munhu
- kusiya makanho mune dziva riri pamusoro-pasi
- kubvumira vana vakwegura kushambi voga, kunyange kana vakakwanisa kushambira zvakanaka - shandisai buddy system pane, kurudzira vana venyu kuti vese vashambire neshamwari
- kubvumira kuve nyore kupinda padziva rako kana spa, pasina ganda rekudzivirira riri roga roga (fence inenge mamita mana-yakareba pakapoteredza dziva nemasuo ekuvhara uye kuzvivhara masuo)
- kuisa ketani-link fence kana pfupi shoma (nyore nyore kukwira) kana kushandisa imba yako sechikamu chechina checheni chakakomberedza dziva rako, zvichibvumira kupinda padziva nepasuo kana hwindo kubva mumba
- kwete kutarisa mumvura kutanga kana mwana asipo
- kwete kudzidzisa mwana wako kuti ashambire
- inotarisa njodzi dzemvura mukati uye dzakakomberedza musha wako, zvakadai semadziva, kupisa mabhati, uye kunyange bhati tub
- kusiya vana vari mukati kana pedyo nemvura, kunyange kwemaminetsi mashoma
Kunyangwe iwe uchiedza kudzivisa zvikanganiso uye kuita zvose zvakanaka, zviitiko zvinogona kuitika. Ndicho chikonzero nei zvakanakisisa kushandisa "zvikamu zvekudzivirira" nzira yekuchengeta vana vako vakachengeteka pamvura. Kushandisa nzira inopfuura imwechete yekuchengetedza mwana nzira yekudzivirira kunyura kunoreva kuti kana imwe nhovo yekudzivirira inoputsa, imwe yezvimwe zvikamu zvekuchengetedza ichave iri munzvimbo yekuchengeta vana vako vakachengeteka. Somuenzaniso, kana mumwe munhu akasiya musuo wemusasa weimba iyo yakazaruka uye mwana wako akawana mujeri rekushure, iwe unenge uine fense uchichengeta mwana wako kubva mudziva.
Vamwe vabereki vanofunga kudzidza kudzivirira unyanzvi hwokushambira kuti uve wokupedzisira wekuchengetedza kuchengetedza vana vavo kuchengeteka. Kana zvikamu zvose zvese zvikaputsika uye mwana wako apedzisira apinda mumvura, zvino tarisiro kuti avo vanopona unyanzvi hwokunyorera vachamuchengetedza kuti asazomira kusvikira iwe ukwanise kumubudisa kunze kwemvura.
Sources:
American Academy of Pediatrics. Technical Report: Kudzivirira Drowning. Pediatrics 2010; 126: 1 e253-e262
American Red Cross, Advisory Council yekutanga Kubatsira, Aquatics, Safety and Preparedness. ACFASP kuongorora kwesayenzi: mudiki wezera yezvidzidzo zvekushambira. June 2009.
CDC. Drowning - United States, 2005-2009. Kushungurudza uye Kufa Vhiki Yevhiki. May 18, 2012/61 (19), 344-347.