Child Safety Basics
Sezvo njodzi dziri chikonzero chikuru chekufa kwevana, hazvishamisi kuti vanachiremba vanowanzotarisa zvakanyanya mukudzidzisa vabereki nezvekudzivisa vana, kushandisa kwakakodzera zvigaro zvemotokari, nekukurudzira vana kushandisa helmets .
Vabereki vakawanda havazivi, zvisinei, nengozi dzisinganyanyozivikanwi dzisinganyanyi kuzivikanwa zvakadai semvura, ngozi dzemotokari, kana moto wemba.
Kudzidza nezvimwe zvinetso izvi zvinogona kukubatsira kutora matanho ari nyore kuti vana vako varambe vakachengeteka.
Escalators
Vabereki vakawanda vanotendera vana vavo kutasva mabheji asina kuisa pfungwa yechipiri. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti, Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) inoshuma kuti paive nekukuvadzwa kwe11 000 pazvikwata zvekuwedzera muna 2007, kunyanya kubva pakuwa. Mukuwedzera, pave nemakore makumi manomwe nematanhatu ekubatanidzwa - apo maoko, tsoka, kana shangu (kunyanya mavhagigi uye mabhandi ezvikoti) zvinopindira muecalator - kubvira muna 2006.
Vana venyu vanogona kutasva bhiza, asi iva nechokwadi chokuti vanozviita zvakanaka. Vanofanira:
- vasungirire shoelaces avo vasati vauya nechemberi
- simira pakati peecalator, mberi, kutsungirira chirairo, uye uende panopera
- kurega kugara kana kutamba pa-escalator - haifaniri kutarisirwa sepasitori yokupembera
Zvimwe zvinonyanya kukosha, dzidza kuti chinetso chekuvhara pakarepo chii kuitira kuti iwe unogona kubvisa chikwata kana mumwe munhu akabatwa mumubhedha paanenge akatasva.
Kutenga Mutoro
Ngoro dzekutengesa hazvifaniri kuonekwa sechinhu chakavanzwa zvakare, sezvo kukuvadzwa kubva pamotokari yekutengesa kwave kuri kuziviswa zvakanaka mumakore achangopfuura. Pane dzimwe nyevero pamusoro pekukuvara kwemotokari yakadhindwa pamatokari akawanda anotenga mazuva ano.
Kunyange zvakadaro, kana iwe uchienda kuresitoro kana dhipatimendi guru rebazi, iwe uchagara uchiona vana vari kutasva uye vari pamatokari emotokari, vachivaisa pangozi yekuwa uye kukuvara kwemusoro.
Muzvokwadi, maererano neV Consumer Product Safety Commission, "inowanikwa pamotokari yekutengesa ndeimwe yezvikonzero zvinokonzera kukuvadzwa kwepamusoro kune vana vaduku."
Mukuwedzera pakudzidza nezvekutenga motokari kuchengetedzwa, ramba uchiyeuka kuti American Academy of Pediatrics inotaura kuti "vabereki vanokurudzirwa zvikuru kutsvaga dzimwe nzira dzokuendesa mwana wavo mumotokari yekutengesa kusvikira kugadziridzwa kwakarongeka kwekushandiswa kwekutenga motokari kuchengetedzwa kunoshandiswa mu Nyika dzakabatana."
TV neFirati Tip-overs
Vana vaduku vanofarira kukwira. Zvinosuruvarisa, apo pavanokwira pane imwe shambani huru, yakadai sebhukabhasi, chimiro cheterevhizheni, kana chigadziri, chinogona kukwira pamusoro padzo. Kuwedzera kune ngozi yechipfuti chakaremera simba inowira pamusoro pavo, vana vanogonawo kukuvadzwa kana zvinhu zvikuru pamusoro pefambisi yepamusoro pamusoro, kunyanya terevhizheni huru.
Maererano neCPSC, pakanga paine terevhizheni inosvika makumi matatu nemakumi matanhatu ekufa uye makumi maviri nemakumi mashanu ekufambiswa kwevakafa pakati pe2000 na2005; kuwedzera kwekukuvara kwakawanda kwakaporerwa mumakamuri ekukurumidzira.
Kuti udzivise dambudziko iri, iva nechokwadi chekuchengetedza midziyo yakawanda uye zvidimbu zvefaira kumadziro ane anchore kana jira; imwe inogona kupiwa kwauri iwe paunenge uchitenga yako, kana iwe unogona kutora imwe pfuma kana shanduro yekuvandudza kumba.
Uyewo, iva nechokwadi chekuisa terevhizheni yako pachigadziko chakasimba uye ichichengeteka panzvimbo yacho kuitira kuti irege kugona.
Bounce Houses
ICPSC inorondedzera kuti kukuvadzwa kwakapetwa 4,900 kwakabatanidzwa nemagetsi ekutapukisa uye dzimba dzakagadziriswa zvakarapwa mumakamuri ehutsva muna 2004. Izvi zvakange zvichiwedzera kubva mukukuvara kwe1 300 muna 1997 uye zvichida zvinoratidza kuwedzera kwekuwanika uye kudhura kwemajeri edzimba dzimba mazuva ano; iwe kazhinji unovaona vachikwereta kumashure ekuberekwa kwemashure, mapato ekuvhara, uye mitambo.
Mukuwedzera, pane imwe nguva rufu rwegore nekuda kwezvipfeko zvinoputika dzimba, zvigumbuso zvisingatauriki zvidzidzo, uye zvigadziriswa makwikwi masvingo.
Izvi zvinouraya zvave zvichingova zvekare kune vechidiki vakura uye vechidiki vaduku uye zvinosanganisira kuputsika nekukuvara pamusoro. Mumwe mwana akafira muimba yakazara muna 2007 kunyange-ane makore matatu ari muimba yekutamba yepamba apo vaviri vakuru vakawira pamusoro pake muimba yeimba uye vakapwanya ganda rake.
Kunyaradza dzimba kunogona kunakidza, asi vana vanofanira kutarisirwa zvakanaka kana vachikwikwidza uye vachienzaniswa nevana vezera rakadaro uye kurema. Uyewo, iva nechokwadi chokuti imba inoputika yakachengeterwa pasi uye kuti iwe unogona kukurumidza kubvisa vana kunze kwekuti imba inotanga kumira.
Vabereki
Vabereki? Vabereki vangave sei dambudziko rakavanzika kuchengeteka kwemwana wavo?
Imwe nzira ndeyokuti vanowanzoziva nzira yakachengeteka yokuita zvinhu, asi rega kuzviita kare kare nokuti vanofunga kuti mwana wavo akwegura kuti arege kukuvadzwa. Semuenzaniso, havangambofungi nekurega vana vavo vane makore matatu kana mana vachifamba mumotokari vasina chigaro chemotokari, asi vanorega vana vavo vane makore mashanu kubva pachikoro chake. Kana kuti, vanorega vana vavo vane makore masere vachikwira muchigaro chepamberi chemotokari kana kutasva bhasikoro rake vasina ngowani.
Kuchengeta vana vakachengeteka:
- Chengetedza imba yako isina kunyatsogadziriswa kusvikira mwana wako akwegura zvakakwana kuti anzwisise dambudziko raunenge uchiedza kumudzivirira kubva. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuchengeta kusungirwa pavakiki uye makabati, masuwo pamatanho, nezvifukidzo pamagetsi emagetsi, nezvimwewo.
- Dzivisa mahwendefa egirazi-mazhizha, kunyanya kana asina kuitwa nemhepo yakazara girazi, nokuti inokonzera njodzi kana vana vachikwira kana kuwira pamusoro uye kuputika mukati megirazi.
- Yeuka kuchengetedza hotera yako isingabvumirwi nevana paunofamba, kusanganisira kushandisa chikwata chekufambisa nemimwe michina yemwana zvakanaka.
- Tungamira vana kune chigaro chinokurudzira pavanenge vakamira pamberi pechigaro chekutakura motokari nemabhanhire, uye vachengetedze ipapo kusvikira vakagadzirira zvikwama zvechigaro nguva dzose pavanenge 4'9 "kureba.
- Chengetai vana vari pachigaro chepamusoro chemotokari kusvikira vaine makore 13.
- Kubvisa mwana wako padziva , kana iwe uine imwe, nokuivhara mufence nevharo -yekuvhara uye yekutengesa-gedhi gedhi.
- Chengetedza vana pamvura, kunyange kana vachiziva kushambira.
- Kurudzira vana kupfeka ngowani chero ipi zvayo pavanotasva bhasikoro , scooter, skateboard, kana kushandisa Heelys .
- Yeuka kusarega mwana wako kumba kumba chete kusvikira iye akagadzirira chaizvo.
- Tora vana kumoto unopisa moto, panzvimbo pokuvarega vachitamba nemapurogiramu emoto, kusanganisira mhepo, iyo inogona kusvika kusvika kudarika digrigiri gumi uye inokonzera hafu yezvakakuvadza zvinokonzerwa nemoto kune vana vasati vashanu (10% yezvikuvadza zvinokonzerwa nemoto zvinowanikwa pasi rose).
Ko mwana wenyu anogona kunge akachengeteka here?
Iwe hausi kuti mwana wako ararame mumubvuri kana kufamba-famba akapfekedza helmete nguva dzose, asi yeuka kuti kana ukawana mikana yakawanda, mwana wako angangokuvadzwa kana kuurayiwa pangozi.
Mukuwedzera kune pachena kuzvidzivirira matanho ekushandisa chigaro chemotokari zvakakodzera, kuisa detector tsutsi, nekudzivirira vana kumba kwako, chenjerera kune dzimwe njodzi dzakavanzika dzinogona kukanganisa kuchengeteka kwevana vako:
- iyo yakakwirira yebhandi, iyo inofanira kudziviswa kusvikira vana vane makore matanhatu
- zviridzwa zvemitambo, zvakadai segitare, zvinogona kukuvadza mwana muduku ari kutamba nemaketani (somuenzaniso, achiedza kuvanyanyisa), kana imwe yezviridzwa zviri pasi pemakorokari makuru, achibhururuka muziso rake chiso chake, nezvimwe
- mvura yakakwirira, dutu rinoputika, uye matsiko apo mafashamo anowanzoitika panguva uye mushure mokudengenyeka kukuru kwemheni
- ganda rinotenderera, rinogona kumhanya pamusoro pemwana pamwe chete nemugwagwa; vana vanogonawo kuwira pavanotasva pachitinha
- anoyeuka kana kuputsika matoyi
- zvidhori zvisina kufanira-zvakakodzera, kunyanya magwisi ane magnet uye zvikamu zviduku, izvo zvinoita kuti vana vaduku vakuvadzwe
- midziyo yekushandisa pamba, kusanganisira mabhasikoro, mabhasikoro, uye vanosimudza makwidza, izvo zvinotungamirira kukuvara kwevana vanenge 25 000 gore rega roga
- kutasva-pamashambisi emasukisi, ayo asingafaniri kushandiswa nevana vari pasi pemakore gumi nematanhatu; kufamba-mushure mekucheka kwemashanga, izvo zvisingafaniri kushandiswa nevana vari pasi pemakore gumi nemaviri
- motokari dzinotonhora , kunyanya kana vacheche kana vana vaduku vakasara mumotokari yemoto, vana vaduku kana vepachikoro vanopinda mumotokari kuti vaite uye havagone kubuda, kana vana vanobatanidzwa muduti
- zvigadziro pazvipfeko zvehupfeko, izvo zvingava njodzi yekudzivirira; mamwe mabhandi, mabhiriyoni, kana zvinhu zvekushongedza pamapfeche emucheche uye zvipfeko zvecheche kana vana vaduku, sezvo vanogona kubuda ndokuva dambudziko rekuvhunga
- mapepa shredders, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuvharwa kwemunwe uye kuvhara, kunyanya kuvana vaduku
- yakwegura (yatengeswa pamberi peNovember 2000) hwindo rakapofumadza uye tambo, izvo zvingagadzira zvigadziro uye zvinyengedza vana vaduku.
- Mumvuri weRoma uye pfuti-mapofu anofufukidza avo vakagadziriswa tambo tambo kana tambo dzomukati dzomukati.
- inowira kubva kumahwindo , iyo inogona kudzivirirwa nekuisa pawindo rewindo kana hwindo rega (kunodzivirira firiji kubva pakusvitsa kupfuura masendimita mana)
- gonhi regaraji risina kuchinja uye rinogona kubata mwana pasi pesuo (kunyanya dambudziko kumagaraji egaraji rakaitwa vasati vasvika 1993 uye zvitsva izvo zvisingachashandi zvakanaka)
- mabhiriyoni , izvo zvinokonzera kuuraya kufa kupfuura mipira, marbles, kana zviduku zvidhinha (Kuwedzera pakutsvaira kana kutsvaga pazvimedu zvakaputsika zvimedu, vamwe vana vanoyamwisa mabhaloni asina kusvibiswa vachiedza kuvhuvhuta, ndicho chikonzero vanhu vakuru vanofanira kutarisira vana vari pasi pemakore vane masere vari kutamba nemabhaloni.Vana vari pasi pemakore matatu havafaniri kubvumidzwa kutamba nemabhaloni zvachose)
- dziva rekare, spa, uye hot tub drains; kusvitsa kwavo kwakasimba uye zviputi zvekare zvinogona kutungamirira kumitsipa yemvere kana kuti chikamu chikamu chakabatanidzwa
- pamba trampolines , motorized maitiro uye motokari dzese (ATVs), kwete pfuti (bundu, bunduti, pfuti dzomumhepo, kana pfuti yepayipi), kana zvidhori zvepamusoro, izvo AAP inofunga kuti zvigadzirwa zvisina ngozi zvevana
- iva nechokwadi chekuchengetedza iyo nicotine iyo inopinda mu -e-cigarettes , senzvimbo dzine chepfu munyika yose ichicherechedza kuwedzera kukuru kwevana vachizarurirwa nekupinza, kuputika kana kupinza mukati meganda kana maziso
- Mafuta ekudzivirira pods , ayo AAP anoti "inopisa ngozi yakaipa kune vana vaduku," kusanganisira kupfuura 17 000 kudana kunotyisa kushaya gore mugore rino kubva kuvana vanochera kana kutsvaga pods.
Sources:
AAP Policy Statement. Ngoro Yokutenga-Yakakonzerwa Nokukuvara Kwevana. PEDIATRICS Vol. 118 Nha. 2 August 2006, peji 825-827
Chikumbiro Kurwisana-Nezvimwe Zvakaipa Zvakafanana Nekufa muUnited States: 2005 Kuvandudza
CDC. Nhoroondo dzeZvinokosha dzeZvenhoroondo. Bhuku 53, Nhamba 17. March 7, 2005.
CPSC. Ngoro yokutenga Kuchengetedzwa Nherera. Ika kubva Kutenga Motokari Nokuti Musoro Kukuvadza Vana. CPSC Nyaya # 5075
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. WISQARS Kufa Kwekukuvadza: Kufa Kwevanhu