Nhungamiro yeZvinobudirira
Inyanzvi yemagetsi yakawanda ndeimwe yezvimwe zviitiko zvinoshamisa zvezera rako rechitatu. Kunyange zvazvo mwana wekukura kwemuviri wako zvichida kunonoka gore rino, vhiki imwe neimwe inogona kuunza shanduko pane zvaanogona kuita uye zvaanonzwisisa.
Mune mamwe mazwi, iwe unogona kunge uchiona kukura kweizvi:
- Inyanzvi dzemagetsi
- Unyanzvi hwakanaka hwemagetsi
- Unyanzvi hwepfungwa kana hwekuziva
- Unyanzvi hwemashoko
- Unyanzvi hwehutano uye hwepfungwa
Izvo zvakati, usashamiswa kana mwana wako asingakwanisi kuzadzisa hutano hwose hwakanyorwa pasi apa. Mwana mumwe nomumwe anowedzera paanoda yake.
Gross Motor Skills
Unyanzvi hwemotokari hunobatanidzwa nemwana wako anoshandisa sei muviri wake. Masikirwo emakemikari akawanda anoshandisa mapoka makuru emasumbu uye anofambidzana nekutamba. Zvinhu zvinoshamisa panguva ino zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Mhanya makiromita mazhinji pasina kuwira
- Kwira pasi padzimba midzi uye jungle gyms nyore
- Famba pamakumbo
- Famba muromo wakarurama
- Famba uchikwira uye udzike matanho okufambisa tsoka
- Kaka bhora
- Fuka nezvose tsoka
- Pedal tricycle
- Kanda bhora guru
Hongu, zvose zvinomhanya, kukwira, kumhanya uye kusina-kumira kunofambisa kwakaoma kuchengetedza. Zvinogona kunge zvichiedza kuudza munhu wako wemakore matatu kuti "ugare wakanyarara." Asi kumubvumira rusununguko rwokufamba kunokosha. Zvichipa nguva uye nzvimbo yekudzidzira unyanzvi hwake hwepanyama, achakudziridza zviri nani nekunyatsovimba. Nepo iye acharamba achitambura zvimwe zvinoputika uye zvinoputika, chikamu ichi chinogona kumubatsira kuti arege kuwira kukuru nekukuvara mumakore anotevera.
Fine Motor Skills
Mabasa anotsigira pamashandiro akanaka emotokari ndeaya anoshandisa maoko nemadiki maduku. Unyanzvi hwakanaka hwemotokari unogona kutarisira mwana wako kuti aite kuburikidza nemakore 3 anosanganisira:
- Zvidye iwe pachako (kunyange, iwe unogona kutarisira kutengesa)
- Tora mapeji mubhuku
- Bata uye nyora nekrayoni
- Shamba uye uome maoko
- Isa zvipfeko (asi kwete kusunga zvipfeko)
- Zvishongedze pachako nemumwe rubatsiro
- Gadzira kuyanzana kwemasvingo tower
- Vhura uye vhudzike zvidimbu zvinoshandiswa
Rimwe remabasa makuru emwana wako gore rino richave richidzidza "kutora," kunyange zvazvo mifananidzo inonyanya kushandiswa uye mitsara pajiji. Kuti ukurudzire munyori wako munyori uye muveki, vape mapepa akawanda uye yakakodzera yekunyora mabhii (makrayoni, mabheji, mashizha emunwe ). Muratidze kuti angashandisa sei zvishandiso kuburikidza nekuraira uye kutora naye. Mudzidzise chakanaka kuti uise pepa (pepa) uye izvo zvisingaiti (bhandi rakachena), asi iwe unogonawo kuisa mari muupende wakakanganiswa chete kana ukawana pamadziro uye fenicha kuti dzisadzivirike.
Unyanzvi hweChenjeri kana Unyanzvi
Pfungwa dzomwana wako nekufungidzira zvichabudirira gore rino. Sezvaanokurudzira kuyeuka uye anotanga kunzwisisa zvakawanda nezvepasi rakamupoteredza, iye achazadzwa nemibvunzo. Zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuziva izvo mwana wako anonyatsonzwisisa uye izvo zvinoda kuidzidzwa, asi izvi ndezvimwe zvezvinhu zvinoshamisa zvaunogona kutarisira kuti aite kubudirira pakuguma kwegore:
- Tsvaga mavara ezvisikwa
- Verenga kusvika ku5
- Taura mazita echirafu (asi irege kukwanisa kuziva tsamba imwe neimwe yakanyorwa)
- Edza kuita-kutenda nemapopi, matoyi kana vamwe vanhu
- Rongedza zvinhu nekugadzirwa uye ruvara
- Tsvaga maitiro ezvokutanga
- Match zvinhu
- Zvose zvakazara puzzles
- Inzwisisa pfungwa yeviri
- Ziva ziso rezuva nezuva
- Kunzwisisa "kare," "shure," "zvino," "nokukurumidza" uye "gare gare"
- Yeuka zvakaitika zvakaitika zuro
- Ziva kuti mitambo ndeipi
- Anoseka mazano asina kunaka kana majee
- Kunzwisisa mamwe mazano anokosha ekuchengetedza (usasangana neshivha inopisa; gara kure nehwindo)
- Tevera mirairo imwechete kana maviri
- Ngwarira kwemaminitsi matatu
Pazera iri, zvakakosha kuti unzwisisewo kukanganisa kwemwana wako. Haana kudzidza kudzivisa kufungidzira kubva kune chaicho, saka anogona kutenda zvaanoona paTV kana mumabhuku ndeechokwadi uye angasanzwisisa hyperbole semashoko anoti: "Kana iwe ukadya mamwe karoti iwe uchashandura orange." Anotendawo kuti zvinhu zvose zvakabatana nechimwe chinhu chaakaita.
Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kana chimwe chinhu "chakaipa" chichiitika iye anogona kuzvipa mhosva kana kubvunza zvaakaita zvisina kururama.
Kunyange zvazvo akauya nenzira yakareba, unyanzvi hwake hwekufunga hwakawanda zvikuru. Kubatana ne chokwadi chakajeka kuchakubatsira kutarisa maitiro ("kuisa magori mubhokisi uye iwe unogona kudya zvokudya zvako" zvichienderana "zvakanaka uye tichawana chimwe chinhu").
Verbal Skills
Munzira dzakawanda kukura kwekutaura kunoratidza kuchinja kukuru kune mhuri yako yose. Sezvo mwana wako muduku achikwanisa kuratidza zvaanoda uye zvaanoda, unogona kukwanisa kudzivisa mafambiro aya akawanzoitika nekuti haagoni kukuudza iwe kuti anoda. Zvimwe zvekufambira mberi mumutauro waungaona gore rino zvinosanganisira:
- Tevera mirairo imwechete kana maviri-chikamu
- Shandisa mazita emhuri neshamwari
- Zita zvinhu zvakafanana
- Kunzwisisa zvizhinji zvezvaunotaura (kukurukurirana kwezuva nezuva)
- Taura zvishanu mishoko
- Zvishandiso (Ini, iwe, ini, isu, ivo) uye mamwe akawanda
- Anotaura zvakajeka kuti vatorwa vanyatsonzwisisa mazwi
- Tanga kunakidzwa nemitambo uye zvinyararire pamutauro (kuisa mazwi asina kururama munziyo dzaunoda
- Kunzwisisa "yangu"
- Shandisa "ini" uye "iwe" zvakakodzera
- Taura nyaya
- Rambai muchikurukurirana kwemitauro miviri kusvika mitatu
- Farira mabhuku uye nyaya
- Bvunza mibvunzo iri nyore
Maererano neAmerican Academy of Pediatrics, pane kusiyana kukuru kwekutaura mumitauro pakati pevana venyika ino pane mune imwe nzvimbo yekubatsira. Pane zvakasiyana-siyana zve "zvakajairika" uye zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana. Somuenzaniso, ruzivo rwemadzimai rwemwanasikana hunowanzokura mberi kune vakomana. Vamwe vana vaduku vanewo zvekuzvarwa zvekutaura apo vamwe vakanyarara. Mwana angangodaro ane ruzivo rwakanaka rwemutauro, asi angasarudza kusataura zvakawanda. Kunyange zvazvo uchiziva mutauro unonoka kutarisa, edza kusaenzanisa unyanzvi hwemwana wako kune vamwe.
Unyanzvi hwemagariro evanhu
Munharaunda yekuzvarwa kwako kwechitatu kwemwana iwe unogona kuona kuchinja kwokuti anobata sei nevamwe vana. Iyi ndiyo pfungwa iyo vana vakawanda vanotanga kufamba vachibva kune imwecheteyo mitambo (apo vana vanotamba pamwe chete) kuboka kana kutambidzana (apo iye anobata pamwe uye anotamba nevamwe). Izvi zvinoreva kuti achatanga kudiwa achidzidza nzira yekufamba nayo yehukama hwakadaro. Inguva apo iye achakudziridza unyanzvi hunokosha hwakadai se:
- Shandurudza mumitambo
- Iva akazvimiririra zvakawanda
- Ratidza kufarira mukuedza zvinhu zvitsva
- Invent fantasy games
- Bata pamwe nevamwe vana
- Ratidza huwandu hwemanzwiro
- Ikopa dzimwe tsika dzevanhu (vakuru nevezera)
- Ratidza rudo kune vamwe vari voga (kunze kwekuti iwe uchiratidza kuti anopa shamwari kukumbirisa)
- Ziva zita rokutanga uye rokupedzisira
- Ziva apo zvimwe zviito zvisina kunaka uye unonzwa urombo
- Edza kuita vamwe kuseka
- Tamba neboka revana
- Ratidza kufarira mukurovedza mvura
Kunyange zvazvo mwana wako ari kutsvaga rusununguko uye zviitiko zvitsva, anogona kutsamwa paakaparadzana newe. Kunyange zvazvo zvakaoma kuti vabereki vaone mwana achishungurudzwa, achipa mikana yokuti mwana wako agare naye pasina iwe zvakakosha pakukura kwake. Izvi zvinoreva zvakare kuti iwe unofanira kuedza kusatenderera kana mwana wako ari kutamba nevamwe uye kuti arege kupindira mumakakatanwa kunze kwekuti iwe unonyatsoda.
Mumwe munhu anotsamwa nokuti chikoyi chaibatwa kana mumwe mwana haana kuwana zororo? Izvo zvisiri nyore "ngatitaurirei uye titambe pamwe chete" kuteverwa nudge inokurudzira kudzokera kune mumwe nemumwe inogona kubudirira kupfuura kupinda mukati kugadzirisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu. Ramba uchifunga mupfungwa dzako, mwana wako neshamwari dzake vanofanira kudzidza kutamba nevamwe, kwete nevabereki vevamwe.
Sources:
CDC.gov. "Zvinokosha Zvikuru: Mwana Wako Mumakore matatu." Webhu.
"Kuvandudza Zviitiko Zvikuru: 3 kusvika 4 Gore Yekare." Healthycihldren.org. Webhu.
Powell, J. na Smith, CA "Mazano ekufambira mberi: Nhungamiro yevabereki." Manhattan, KS: Kansas State University Cooperative Extension Service. Webhu.
Shelov, Sreven PMD, MS, FAAP, et. al. Kuchengetera Mwana Wako Nechechecheche Kuberekwa Kusvika Kubva 5. Banatam Book, 2009. Print.