Nyanzvi dzinowanzokurudzira kuti muchengeti wezvokudya ndiwo zvokudya zvekutanga zvaunopa mwana wako.
Izvozvo ndezvokuti muchengeti wekuchechera vacheche unofungidzirwa kuva mwana wekudya izvo zvisingaiti zvingakonzera kusagadzikana kwemaitiro. Mucheka usina kukwana ndeyekuguten uye kusina mukaka nemazai, mamwe maitiro anowanzokonzera zvirwere.
Mamwe marara emucheche muchero muchero ane zvinyoro, kunyange zvakadaro. Izvi hazviwanzo dambudziko nokuti chigadziro hachisi chaicho cheprotine, iyo inowanzokonzera mishonga ye soy, asi iyo lecithin ye soy-mafuta pane. Tarisa zvishandiso urongwa kana iwe uri kutsvaga mucheche muchero wekudya pasina chero soy.
Kutanga Rice Rice Cereal
Kana iwe nemwana wako makasarudza kuti inguva yakakodzera yekutanga zviyo, tora bhokisi rako remucheche muchero wezvokudya uye ndiro yekudya yakagadzirira. Iwe uchazobatanidza 1 teaspoon yepereti nemaspuni 4 kusvika ku5 emukaka wepamupa wepamupa kana fomu (kana kunyange mvura) kuti uwane chikafu kune "zvakanaka" kusagadzikana. Pakutanga, izvo zvinoreva kuti chikafu hachizovi nechokuita zvachose zvachose. Sezvo mwana wako achiita zvakanaka kudya zviyo, kuwedzera zvishoma mvura kuitira kuti iwedzere.
Mushure mekutanga nemaspuni 1 kana maviri panguva imwe chete, mwana wenyu angangodaro anotamira kusvika pamaspuni 3 kana 4 emucheche mucheche kamwe kana kaviri pazuva.
Usati Wagadzirira Kubika?
Kana mwana wako achiramba achikwira mupuni yeripisi mumuromo make nerurimi rwake kana kungoita sekusada kudya kudya, saka angave asina kugadzirira kudya kwevana asi zvakadaro. Iwe unogona kuda kumirira kwemavhiki mashomanana wozoedza zvakare.
Iwe unogona zvakare kuedza kuchinja nguva yekuti iwe uri kupa mwana wako zviyo. Somuenzaniso, kana uri kupa zviyo musati wayamwisa kana kupa chimiro, zvino zvichida edza unesi kana kupa bhodhoro kutanga. Kana kuti edza zviyo kutanga kana achiita seakazara kana iwe wakatozviedza kune imwe nzira.
Zvimwe zvinogona kuitika kumwana
Apo vabereki vanotaura pamusoro pezvimwe nzira kumwana wekushambadzira, ivo vanowanzotaura nezvimwe nzira kune mukombe wemukaka-based baby formula. Mazi-based based formula yemwana wako anogona kusanganisira Enfamil Lipil, Similac Advance, kana Nestle Good Start.
Kana mwana akave nekusagadzikana kwemaitiro kana kushaya, nekururuva, gesi, kana kukakavara, zvino ingadaro nguva yekushandura shanduko kana iwe usisiri kunyamwa. Sezvo izvi zvingavawo zviratidzo zvepanguva nenguva, inowanzova pfungwa yakanaka kutaura nevana vako usati wachinja fomu yemwana wako.
Apo iwe unoshanduka kubva mumukaka wemukaka-based based, vabereki vanowanzochinja ku:
- iyo yakagadziriswa lactose (Enfamil Gentlease Lipil) kana kuti lactose-free formula (Enfamil LactoFree Lipil kana Similac Inonzwa)
- soy formula (Enfamil ProSobee Lipil, Similac Isomil Advance, kana Nestle Good Start Soy)
- an hypoallergenic formula (Enfamil Nutramigen Lipil, Similac Alimentum Zvichiitika, kana Neocate)
Zvimwe zvinogona kuitika kumwana
Kunze kwekuyamwisa uye mazano ataurwa pamusoro apa, hapana imwe nzira dzakanaka dzomwana wako. Iwe unofanirwa kudzivisa zvakagadzirwa nemhando yakagadzirwa yakabva mumukaka wemhou kana mukaka wakabuda, mishonga ye soy, nemukaka wembudzi.
Mbuzi yeMbudzi
Vamwe vabereki vanoshamiswa pamusoro pemukaka wembudzi wembudzi kubva pavanofunga kuti zviri nyore kudyiwa kupfuura mukaka wemhou-based formula. Izvozvo zvingava zvechokwadi, asi mukaka wembudzi hauna mishonga yose, kunyanya vitamini B-12 uye folic acid, izvo mwana anoda. Saka, kana mukaka wembudzi wakakanganiswa uye vitamini yakawedzerwa kazhinji yakanaka kune vana vakwegura, haafaniri kupiwa kuvana vasati vava nemakore gumi nemaviri ekuberekwa sevanotsiva kunwisa kana mwana.
Umukaka wembudzi wakawanda, usingakanganwiki, unogonawo kuisa mwana wako pangozi yehutachiona uye kushaya simba kwevhitamini kubva mukaka wakaoma hauna kuwedzererwa nemavitamini nemaminera.
Thrush
Kusvetwa kunokonzerwa nembiriso yeC Candida albicans, iyo inogonawo kukonzera zvirwere zvepabonde uye diaper rashes . Apo inokonzera muromo wemwana, inonzi oropharyngeal Candidiasis, kana zvinopfuura zvishoma, thrush.
Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nguva zvinorwadza, chiratidzo chinowanzoonekwa chekuputika chichena chikavhara mazamu emuromo wemucheche. Iwe unogona kuona mahwendefa aya pamakumbo ematama ake, parurimi rwake, pamusoro pedenga remuromo wake, uye pamiromo yake uye mazino sezvaanopararira.
Aya mavara machena, kusiyana nemukaka wehapa kana chiraira, haagoni kuraswa nyore nyore.
Mishonga yekukandira inosanganisira:
- Nystatin muromo kusimwa - mishonga inogadziriswa antifungal mishonga inopiwa kanomwe pazuva. Ramba uchiyeuka kuti ndiko kubatana kwakakwana kwaNystatin nembeu inorwisana nehutachiona, saka unoda kuibvambura nejeri kana munwe wako mushure mokupa mwana wako chirwere chake.
- Fluconazole (Diflucan) - imwe mishonga antifungal mishonga. Iko kunofungidzirwa kuti mutsara wechipiri unogona kushandiswa iyo Nystatin isiri kushanda asi ine rubatsiro rwe kamwe chete pazuva zuva uye iwe haufaniri kuisa iyo kuti iite basa.
- Gentian Violet - yekare kurapwa kusingadi mishonga. Ramba uchifunga kuti veMagentan Violet zvinosvibisa uye zvinogona kuita kuti miromo yemwana wako (yenguva pfupi) uye zvipfeko (kwete nguva dzose zvenguva pfupi) ruvara rwepepuru, saka hazvizivikanwi semamwe marapirwo.
Vanaamai vanoyamwisa vane mwana vane thrush vanogona kuwana hutachiona hwehupombwe pazvipfuva uye mazamu avo, zvichikonzera marwadzo panguva yekuyamwisa. Pamwe chete nevana vavo, ava amai vanodawo kurapwa nachiremba wavo.
Vana vacheche vanozununguka nokuti mbiriso yeAllida albicans inowanikwa kana kwose kwose, saka pasinei nokuti iwe unonyatsochenesa sei uye unopisa maruva, mabhodhoro, uye matoyi, mwana wako anogona kutora. Kunyange zvakadaro, unofanirwa kuchenesa chero zvinhu zvinopinda mumuromo wemwana wako.
Kuchengetwa kwevana vacheche - Kubvumira
Vabereki vanowanzoshungurudzika kana mwana wavo ane fivha, asi vanoratidzika sevanonzwa vasina simba kana mwana wavo ari kurutsa.
Uye zvinowanzova nyore kunzwisisa kuti sei, shure kwezvose:
- hapana mishonga inomira vana kubva kumarutsi.
- vabereki vanonetseka kuti mwana wavo achave asina mvura .
- kunyange zvazvo chirwere chemudumbu ndicho chikonzero chinowanzokonzera kurutsa, kunyanya kana mwana anewo chirwere, vabereki vanowanzofunga kuti kusuruvara kunokonzerwa nemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, zvakadai sekudzivirira mumukati.
Mishonga Pamba Yekugadzirisa
Zvinosuruvarisa, mukuedza kuchengetedza vana vavo kuti vasava nemvura yakawanda, vabereki vanowanzopa mwana wavo zvakanyanya kuti vanwe kana vachirutsa. Izvi zvinowanzokonzera kushusha kukuru.
Kunyange zvazvo mvura inoshandiswa inokosha apo mwana ari kurutsa, nyanzvi dzinowanzokurudzira kuti iwe upe huwandu hwemvura panguva imwe, uye wozopa kazhinji. Semuenzaniso, unogona kupa mwana wako 1 kana 2 mashupuni ePedialyte, LiquiLytes, kana imwe mhinduro yemuromo yekugadzirisa mvura (ORS) maminetsi mashanu kana gumi pane nzvimbo dzakawanda panguva imwe chete. Kukonzera vana vanogona kuregerera zviduku pane imwe nguva, apo vanenge vachitsvaga nguva dzose kana muchivapa zvinopfuura maawa mashoma panguva.
Iwe unofanirwa kudzivisa kupa jisi yemichero, mvura yakajeka, kana rizi mvura apo mwana wako ari kurutsa, kunyange zvakadaro.
Kana mwana wako ari kubvumira 1 kana 2 maaspuni panguva imwe, unogona kuenda kune 1 kana 2 mappuni imwe neimwe maminitsi mashanu kana gumi kwemaawa mashomanana uye 1 kana 2 ounces panguva imwe. Anokwanisa kutanga achitanga kuyamwa kana kunwa fomu zvakare.
Dana mwana wako kana mwana wako achiramba achirutsa kana ane zvimwe zviratidzo, zvakadai sefivha, kusagadzikana, kana kuti ari kunyura mvura.
Chinhu
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Kutarisa Acute Gastroenteritis Pakati Pevana. MMWR Inokurudzirwa Rep. 2003; 52 (RR-16): 1-16.
Mucheche Q & A - Zvirwere zveMwana weSinus
Ko vana vane zvivi here? Vanokwanisa kuwana sinus zvirwere here?
Izvo zvinowanzosanzwisisika kuti vana havana zvivi.
Kutaura zvazviri, vacheche vanoberekwa vane zvitadzo, asi hazvisi zvakanyatsokura. Vacheche vane madiki maxillary (pasi pematama ako) uye zvitema zvemukati (pakati peziso rako), asi haagoni kuonekwa nguva dzose x-rays kusvikira mwana ari pamakore maviri.
Zvivi zvepamberi (pasi pehuma yako), izvo zvinowanzoita kuti munhu akwegura ave nekusuruvara misoro, uye zvitadzo zvephenoid (zvakapoteredza maziso ako) hazvikwanisi kukura kusvikira gore rechipiri chemwana uye zvisingagoni kuonekwa pa x-ray kusvikira mwana ane makore mashanu kusvika matanhatu.
Zvivi zvinoramba zvichikura kusvikira mwana wako achiyaruka.
Ndicho chirwere cheSinus?
Uye sezvo vane zvitadzo, vana vanogona kuwana zvirwere zve sinus. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekuti mwana wako ane ruvara rwebhuruu kana ruvara rwemucheka, izvozvo hazvirevi kuti ane chirwere chetachiona.
Mhino inomhanya, kunyange kana kubudiswa kune rumwe ruvara mairi, kunowanzokonzerwa nechando chiri nyore. Kana mhepo inomhanya ichipedza mazuva anopfuura gumi kusvika ku14, ipapo kutonhora kwemwana wako kungave kwakachinja kuva sinusitis (sinusitis).
Chinhu
> American Academy yePediatrics Subcommittee pamusoro peKutonga kweSinusitis uye Komiti yeUkuvandudza Maitiro. Clinical Practice Guideline: Kutungamirirwa kweSinusitis. Pediatrics 2001 108: 798-808.
Health Alert - Mercury Thermometers
Vabereki vanowanzomhanya kuti vabudise thermometer kana mwana wavo achinzwa achidziya kana achiita seanorwara, ane mhuno yakaputika, kukanganiswa, kana kuti kumwe kukakavara.
Iko kwaireva kushandisa kushandisa mercury thermometer, iyo yakareba yakambofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo yakanakisisa yekutora kutonhora kwemwana.
Izvo zvakanga zvisati zvaitika nyanzvi dzakaparadzira shoko pamusoro pengozi dze mercury, kunyange yakawanda mu mercury thermometer. Iye zvino, American Academy of Pediatrics inokurudzira kuti vabereki varege kushandisa mercury thermometers.
Purogiramu yacho chaizvoizvo makore akawanda, kunyange zvakadaro. Saka iwe haungatombokwanisi kutenga imwe mercury thermometer zvakare sezvo isingatengeswi muzvivako zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvino. Iwe unogona kunge une digital digmometer yekushandisa kushandisa kutengesa kwomwana wako pane.
Vamwe vanhu vangave vane imwe yekare mumba, zvakadaro. Kana iwe ukadaro, ingangove nguva yekurasikirwa nayo.
Kurega kweM Mercury Kuchichenesa
Zvinosuruvarisa, kubvisa kwe mercury thermometer hakusi nyore sekukandira mumarara. Kana iwe ukadaro, iyo mercury ichasunungurwa mumamiriro ezvinhu. Pane kudaro, danai dhipatimendi rehutano hwekune imwe nzvimbo kana dhipatimendi rako rekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza kuti uwane kuti unogona kutora mercury yako thermometer kuti ugare wakachengeteka.
Kana iwe uine mercury thermometer uye inoputsa, chengeta mwana wako kubva pairi uye utumidze nzvimbo yako yekudzivirira chepfu (1-800-222-1222) kuti uwane ruzivo pamusoro pokuti ungachenesa sei zvakachengeteka.
Sources
> Goldman LR, Shannon MW, uye Komiti yeAvironment Health. Dhigirizhonga yezvehutano: mercury mumamiriro ezvinhu: zvinoreva vanachiremba. Pediatrics.2001; 108: 197 -205.
> Michele DiCarlo, PharmD, et. al. Inofanirwa sei neFever Mercury Thermometer inoraswa? A Ongororo yeavo Vangabvunzwa. PEDIATRICS Vol. 109 Nha. 5 May 2002, mapeji e71.
Mwedzi Mune Well-Child Check
Kuongorora kwemwedzi mina kwemwana wako kuchave kwakafanana saiye mwedzi miviri chekuongorora. Anenge achange achiwana zvirwere zvakafanana.
Pakaongorora mwedzi mina nevana vako, iwe unogona kutarisira:
- Kuongorora kwakakwana kwemuviri, kunyatsotarisa kumahudyu emwana wako kuti uongorore kukurudzira hip dysplasia.
- Kuongorora kwekukura kwevana vako nekukura.
- Kuongorora kwekudya uye kurara kwezvirongwa.
- Kuyera kwehurefu hwake, kuyerwa uye musoro wakatarisa.
- Kupa mazano ekudzivirira kukuvara.
- Majekiseni: DTaP, HepB, Hib, IPV, Prevnar, uye RotaTeq.
Chimwe chiongororwa nevana vako chichava apo mwana wako ane mwedzi mitanhatu.
Bvunza Chiremba Checheche
Yeuka kuti kushanya kwako kumwana wako wevana hakusi kungoita kuti mwana wako awane zvidhori zvake. Mukuwedzera pakuchengetedza zvirwere zvemwana wenyu kusvika-ku-zuva, uye kubatsira kubatsira kuti mwana wako ari kukura uye achikudziridza kazhinji, kushanyira uku mukana wekubvunza mibvunzo ipi yaunogona kuva nayo pamusoro pemwana wako.
Mumwedzi mina, ungabvunza kuti:
- Mwana wangu wakagadzirira kutanga mbeu here?
- Ndinobatsira sei mwana wangu kurara usiku hwose?
- Ko mwana wangu anoda Vitamin D kuwedzera here?