Nheyo dzeMitemo Inopa Mazano Akawanda
Zvinosuruvara asi ndezvechokwadi. Kune dzimwe nguva apo kutarisirwa kwevabereki hakusi mune zvakanakisisa zvevana. Panguva dzakadaro vanasekuru vanambuya vanowanzofunga kuti kazhinji ivo ndivo ndivo vanofanira kupindira. Dzimwe nguva mvumo yemutemo inobvumirana, asi kakawanda kupfuura iyo nzira yokuwana kuchengetwa kwekurukuru ndeyekureba uye kunotambudza. Kunyange zvazvo pane mitemo yakananga nezvekushanyirwa nababambuya, kuchengetwa kwevabereki navanasekuru kunongororwa sekuchengetedzwa kwevatatu sutu.
Mune mamwe mazwi, dare harisungirwi kupa sarasekuru sarudzo chero ipi zvayo yakakosha.
Kodzero dzevabereki dzakasimba
Sekuru sekurukuru, iwe ungasabvumirana nekuti zvizvarwa zvako zviri kukura sei. Vabereki, zvisinei, vane kodzero yekurera vana vavo sezvavanoona zvakanakisisa chero bedzi vasingashandisi kana kusatariswa. Kunyange kana vana vari kurera mumamiriro ekurarama asingatauri, hapana munhu ane kodzero yekubvisa vana kure nevabereki vavo kunze kwekunge mamiriro acho akakodzera zvinoshandiswa pakushungurudzwa kana kusaregererwa. Mamwe mapeji anototaura kunyange mumitemo yavo kuti mari isingagoni kuchengetedza mwana haisi kushungurudza.
Chii chinoshandisa kushungurudzwa? Mitemo yakasiyana kubva kune imwe nyika kuenda kune imwe nyika asi kazhinji inosanganisira zvinotevera:
- Kushungurudza muviri
- Kusateerera
- Kuita zvepabonde kana kushandiswa
- Kushungurudzika mupfungwa
- Kubviswa
Mune dzimwe nyika, kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka nemubereki kunogonawo kutaridzirwa kushungurudzwa kwevana, asi kazhinji kana bedzi zvinoshandiswa zvinosangana.
Kushandiswa kwemishonga kwevabereki uye mukati mavo pachako hakurevi kuti inoshungurudza vana; Zvisinei, kana mwana akapiwa mishonga kana aripo apo zvinodhaka zvinogadzirwa kana kuchengetwa, tsanangudzo yekutsvaga ingasangana. Mune dzimwe nyika dzakawanda, mukadzi anoshandisa zvinodhaka paanenge ane pamuviri anogona kuonekwa seine mhosva yekubatwa zvisina kunaka kwemwana asati aberekwa.
Vamwe vashoma vanotaura kuti kushandisa zvinodhaka izvo zvinokanganisa kukwanisa kwevabereki kutarisira mwana kunoshungurudza. Bhuku Rekuchengetedzwa Kwevana Ramashoko, basa reDhipatimendi reMweya reUnited States neHuman Services, rine ruzivo rwakananga pamusoro pemitemo yekushungurudzwa kwevana mune imwe nyika.
Apo Vabereki Vanosiya Kutarisira Vana
Nzira inonyanya kukosha iyo vana vanoguma nayo mukutarisira vanasekuru navanasekuru ndeyevabereki vanobvumira kuti zviitike. Dzimwe nguva zvinouya kamwe kamwe. Vabereki vanodonha vana uye vanongodzoka kuti vavatore. Dzimwe nguva inzira inononoka iyo vana vakasara kwenguva yakareba uye yakareba kusvikira vanasekuru navanasekuru vanozviwana vachiita zvose zvekurera vana. Dzimwe nguva vabereki, vanasekuru navanasekuru uye vana vanogara pamwe chete, uye vabereki vanotamisa nzvimbo yavo yekugara, vachisiya vana shure. Pashoma kakawanda, vabereki vanokumbira vanasekuru navanasekuru kuti vatore mabasa ekurera vana pavanenge vachitarisana nedambudziko. Munenge mamiriro ose akadaro, kune chikonzero chepfungwa pachikamu chevabereki kuti mamiriro acho ndeechinguva.
Vanasekuru navanambuya vanozviwana mune chimwe chezviitiko zvinorondedzerwa pamusoro apa vanofanira kuziva nezvemhando dzakasiyana dzekuchengetwa kwekurukuru. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, ivo vachada rumwe rudzi rwemvumo yepamutemo yekuchengetedza vazukuru vavo zvakanaka.
Pachishoma, vanasekuru navanasekuru vachada mafomu anovabvumira kuita sarudzo uye zvekudzidzisa pamusoro pezukuru vavo.
Sezvo nguva inopera, vanasekuru navanasekuru vanofanirwa kuongorora zvakare mamiriro acho ezvinhu uye kusarudza kana vachida kuedza kune imwe nzira yakarongeka. Apo vanasekuru navanasekuru vachipedzisira vachirera vana vazukuru, kune zvikonzero zvinokumanikidza zvekutsvaga imwe nzira yekuchengetedzwa.
Apo Vana Vanobviswa
Imwe nzira iyo vanasekuru navanasekuru vanogona kuguma nevana vazukuru ndeye apo vana vanobviswa kubva kumusha kuburikidza nemasangano ehurumende kana kushandiswa kwemitemo. MuUnited States, mutemo wezvematongerwo enyika wakapfuura muna 2008 unoda kuti hama dzevakuru dzevana dzitaurirwe uye dzipiwe mukana wekupinda mukutarisira kwekuita kwevana.
Izvi zvinorevei kuti vanasekuru navanambuya vangapiwa mukana wekutarisira vana, kana kuburikidza kana kuzvimirira kunze kwenherera yekuchengetedza vana.
Pasinei nemutemo, zvinetso zvinomuka kana hama dzakaoma kutarisa pasi. Ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekugara muchikurukurirana nevana vakuru kunyange mumatambudziko akawanda emamiriro ezvinhu. Zvakanaka, vanasekuru navanasekuru vanofanirawo kuzivikanwa kune vavakidzani neshamwari dzevana vavo vakuru. Mukuwedzera, vazukuru avo vakwegura zvakakwana vanofanirwa kudzidziswa mazita emadzitateguru avo nemashoko ekubatana. Kana vanasekuru navanasekuru vaine mukana wakanakisisa wokukunda kuchengetedzwa, vanofanira kudzidza pakarepo apo vazukuru vavo vanobviswa pamusha wavo.
Kana vanasekuru navanasekuru vari kubudirira pakuwana kuchengetwa kwenguva pfupi, vachafanira kufunga kana vachida kuedza kuva vabati vepamusoro vevabereki kune vazukuru vavo. Kushanda kuburikidza nehutano hwekurera kunogona kureva rubatsiro rwakawedzerwa, kunyanya rubatsiro rwemari, iyo inowanzodikanwa. Dzimwe nguva vanasekuru navanambuya vanofanira kupfuurira kuburikidza nekudzidzira kana kusangana nezvimwe zvinoda kuitira kuti vave vakakodzera sevabereki vanorera. Dzimwe nguva masangano ehurumende achapa vanasekuru navanasekuru ruzivo rwakananga mukuda kweukama hwavo hunokosha nevana vavo.
Kuzvigadzirira Kutarisirwa
Dzimwe nguva rubatsiro rwemagariro evanhu haruna kubatanidzwa, asi vanasekuru navanasekuru vane chikonzero chekutenda kuti vazukuru vavo vanofanira kubviswa pakuchengetwa kwevabereki vavo. Vanasekuru navanasekuru vanoda kuwana kodzero dzevana vavana kuburikidza nedare rematare vane matambudziko makuru munzira yavo. Yokutanga ndiro mubvunzo wekumira, izvo zvinoreva kodzero yekutsvaga chiito chekutonga pakutanga. Vanasekuru navanasekuru vanogona kunge vakamira kana vakave vaine basa rekutarisira vazukuru kwenguva yakareba, kunyanya kana vabereki vakakundikana kuramba vachibatana nevana vavo kana kupa rubatsiro rwemari kwavari. Imwe nzira iyo vanasekuru navanasekuru vanogona kumira nayo ndeyokuratidzira kushungurudza kana kusasununguka kwemubereki kana vabereki. Yeuka kuti kushatiswa kunofanirwa nechinangwa chemutemo uye kuti kuratidza vabereki kusina kukodzera kunosanganisira zvakawanda kupfuura kungopesana ne nzira iyo vazukuru vari kurera.
Kana vanasekuru navanambuya vachiyambuka dambudziko rekutanga, vanofanira kubva vati kuratidza kuti kuchengetwa kwekurukuru kune zvakakosha kumwana. Izvi zvakaoma, nokuti kunyanya kufunga ndekwokuti vana vanonyanya kushandiswa pavanokurudzirwa nevabereki, kana zvishoma nekuchengetedza ukama nevabereki. Vanasekuru navanasekuru vanoratidzika sevanorwadza kana kuti vatsigiri kuvabereki vezukuru vavo havangabvumirwi kupiwa kodzero nokuti matare anofunga kuti acharwisana nehukama pakati pevabereki nevana.
Zvido zvevana zvinogona kufungwa nedare, kana vakwegura zvakakwana kuti vataure zvavanoda. Kana vanasekuru navanasekuru vane ruzivo uye vakakwanisa kupa vazukuru zvikomborero, zvingaratidzika kuti vanasekuru navanasekuru vaizove nechinangwa mumatare. Muzvokwadi, kupa chikonzero chakanaka kune rimwe sangano nekuda kwehupfumi kana hukama hwevanhu hunopesana nemutemo wekuenzana kunoitwa pasi pemutemo.
Mitemo Yekodzero Inogona Kuchinjwa
Imwe nzira inokosha kuna vanasekuru navanasekuru vachitsvaka kuchengetwa kurangarira ndeyekuti mirairo yekuchengetedza inogona kuchinjwa. Kupa kodzero kuna vanasekuru navanambuya hakugumisi kodzero dzevabereki. Kunyorerwa chete ndiko izvo. Kana mamiriro ezvinhu evabereki achichinja, vanogona kupiwa kuchengetwa. Vanasekuru navanasekuru vangashamisika kuti nei vachifanira kutsvaka kuchengetedzwa zvachose, kana mirairo inogona kuchinjwa. Kune zvikonzero zviviri. Kutanga, kuva nemamiriro akanaka emutemo kuchaita kuti vanasekuru navanasekuru vaite zvisarudzo zvakanaka kune vazukuru vavo. Chechipiri, vanasekuru navanambuya avo vane rumwe rudzi rwekuchengetedzwa kwepamutemo vari munzvimbo yakasimba kana vabereki vachiwanazve rubatsiro uye vasarudza kuparadza vanasekuru navanambuya vavo kupinda kune vazukuru vavo, izvo zvinowanzoitika kakawanda kazhinji.
Summing Up
Vanasekuru navanambuya avo vanopiwa kuchengetedzwa kwevana vazvido nevabereki vanogona kuda kuumba urongwa. Apo vazukuru vanodzingwa kubva mudzimba dzavo, vanasekuru naambuya vanofanirwa kuziviswa nekupiwa mukana wekutora chikamu mukutarisira zvisarudzo. Vanasekuru navanambuya vanoenda kudare rekutora vazukuru kure nevabereki vavo vanotarisana nebasa rinotyisa nokuti kune pfungwa yokuti vana vanofanira kuva nevabereki vavo. Bhari yekuratidza kuti mubereki asina kukodzera yakakwirira chaizvo. Kunyange kana vanasekuru navanasekuru vachikunda kuchengetedzwa mumatare, ivo vari pangozi yekurasikirwa nayo, kunze kwekunge vagamuchira vazukuru vavo.
Mutemo Wemutemo: Mashoko anowanikwa pane iyi nzvimbo ndeyekuti haafaniri kutorwa semazano epamutemo. Mitemo inodzora kuchengetwa kwevana inopesana kubva kune dzimwe nyika uye kubva kune imwe nyika kuenda kune imwe nyika. Munhu wose anotarisa sutu yekutarisirwa kwemwana anofanirwa kutsvaga mazano kubva kune gweta.