Ichinzi zita rechiLatini rokuti "mugirazi," in-vitro fertilization inoreva kuti mucheche unoberekwa kunze kwemuviri, uyo unonzi "in viro" muchiLatin. Kune vana vanopfuura mamiriyoni 6.5 vakaberekerwa nekombiyuta iyi, zvakakwana kutaura kuti IVF yakajairika uye yakawanda pasinei nekukakavadzana-uye mune zvimwe zviitiko zvisiri pamutemo-tsika.
Mhando itsva yeVF, zvisinei, yakave yakagadzirwa inopa masayendisiti kukwanisa kugadzira embryo imwe kubva pane DNA mitatu yakasiyana. Izvo zvinodanwa kunzi nyukliya kudhinda uye seyendabuko IVF, iyo inowanzoita nharo.
Kutengeswa kweNyukliya kunoshanda sei
Kazhinji, IVF yakashandisa kushandisa shanduro yakananga: imwe yei uye imwe sermamu yemuenzaniso. Mazai anopa, anopa mhombwe, kana kuti kunyange mutsara anoreva kuti kunyange zvazvo ukama chaiwo hwemhuri kune mhuri inopedzisira kunogona kuoma, chaiyo nzira yeVF isiri: masayendisiti anotora dhi rimwe ndokurima nekuisa imwe mbeu.
Zvisinei, kuwedzerwa kwechirukliya kunopa masayendisiti kukwanisa kuumba mucheche mumwe kubva pane DNA mitatu yakasiyana. Iyo nzira yakagadzirirwa kubatsira vabereki vane mitochondrial kudzvinyirira, kana kukanganisa muDNA yavo, vanozvimba mwana ane utano hwakarongekawo nehupenyu hwavo. Rudzi urwu rweVIV rwakawanzoti "mubereki vatatu IVF."
Chaizvoizvo, masayendisiti "anoparadzanisa" tsvina yakaipa kana kuti zvidimbu zveDNA yeDNA ine utano. DNA yaamai isina kukanganisa ichaputirwa neDNA inopa mupiro, ichiita kuti mazai ave musanganiswa weiviri, uye ipapo chirume chinoshandiswa kudiridza mazai.
Kubatsira Kwevatatu Vabereki-IVF
Kunyange zvazvo nhamba chaiyo isingazikamwi, inofungidzirwa kuti inenge 1 mu 400 000 vana vane mitochondrial isingaiti, saka haisi nyore, asi kune avo vanoita izvi zvinogona kuva mararamiro anochinja upenyu.
Nokuti vabereki vakasarudza nzira iyi, mubereki weVIV vatatu anovapa mukana wekugadzirwa kwehupenyu nevana vavo uyewo nekuderedza dambudziko rekupfuura nehutachiona.
Ngozi dzeVabereki vatatu-Vabereki IVF
Mutatu-mubereki IVF inokakavadzana nokuti kana mucheche unoberekwa musikana, genetic mutation inogona kuendeswa kune avo vana vake mune ramangwana, kana ane. Kana embryo ari mukomana, genetic mutation haizoperi.
Kutsvakurudza kwekutanga kune mubereki weVIV vatatu kwakaratidza kuti inogonawo kuwedzera mikana yakareba yemwana kwenguva refu yekenza uye rufu.
Pakavewo nekushushikana pamusoro pemitemo yevabereki-vatatu IVF, mune avo vateereri vemitemo uye vanachiremba vakambofunga kana zvingaita kuti vabereki vaedzwe "kugadzira" vana vanoita zvakanyatsokodzera zvido zvavo. Mumwe chiremba akafananidza nzira yekusika vanhu vane maitiro evanhu.
Zvakawanda zvepikisano zvinotapira kusvika pane zvaunosarudza. Kana mubereki weVIV vatatu achipararira, zvingava kwauri iwe nemumwe wako kuti muve vakadzidza, kurukurai zvamunogona kuita, uye chengetedza zvinobudirira nehana.
Vana Vokutanga Vashanu Vabereki Vabereki
Kushandisa kwekukwira kwenyika yenyukireya, mwana wemubereki wekutanga mubereki wevana vatatu akaberekerwa amai nababa muUkraine.
CNN yakashuma kuti muUkraine, kunyange zvazvo vanachiremba vanoziva nezvezvinogona kuisa njodzi nemafungiro ezvakanaka ekuva nemwana mucheche akaberekwa neDNA yakashandurwa, hapana mimwe mitemo inorambidza kushandiswa. Muchiitiko ichi, chirwere chinokonzerwa nemukomana chaiyo chakanga chisina hutano hwakakwana, saka chibvumirano chakaitwa kuti chienderere mberi neAVF kutumirwa nemukadzi wemukomana.
Chikonzero icho musikana wechidiki akanyatsotarisirwa ndechokuti, mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, amai vomwana vakanga vasingazivikanwe kushaya mitochondrial kushanda kwaizoita kuti chirongwa ichi chidikanwe. Pane kudaro, mazai chaiamai vacho aisagona kushandiswa ivo pachavo, saka akakumbira kuti DNA yake iiswe muzai yemupiro kuitira kuti ave nehupenyu hune chokuita nechechecheche.
Vamwe vana vatatu-mubereki vakaberekwa vachishandisa maitiro akasiyana-siyana-akasiyana-siyana eDNA, kunyange zvazvo US iri nemitemo yakasimba yekushandisa nzira iyo vanachiremba vanogona kubvumirana pamusoro pemitemo yayo.
Muenzaniso wemhuri uyu, kunyange zvakadaro, unozarura pasi kumubvunzo mutsva mberi kwekombiyuta yeVF: Vabereki vanofanira kubvumirwa kusanganisa DNA yavo muii inopa mazai, kunyange kana pasina chikonzero chekurapa Icho mubvunzo unonakidza uye sayenzi ichave iri kuedza kukurumidza kupindura.
> Sources:
Amato, P., Tachibana, M., Sparman, M., & Mitalipov, S. (2014). Vana vatatu-Mubereki IVF: Gene Replacement yeKudzivirira Kwezvakaberekwa Mitochondrial Diseases. Kubereka uye Kusimba , 101 (1), 31-35.