Inotanga kunyanya kufema kupfuura zvatinofunga
Kushungurudzwa kwepabonde hakusi chinhu chinongowanikwa munzvimbo yebasa. Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti vazhinji vekusekondari vana vanotambudzwa nekutaura zvepabonde, uye kuti iyo tsika inobatanidza kudzvinyirira uye ine midzi inotanga sekutanga kuchikoro chepuraimari.
Ongororo yemakore mashanu yakabudiswa munaDisemba 2016 mubhuku rinonzi Children and Youth Services Review yakawana kuti vazhinji vanenge 43 kubva muzana yevadzidzi vari pakati pekuchikoro vakaongororwa vakataura kuti vakanga vari ivo vaitambudzwa nekutaura zvepabonde (kunyanya kutaura zvepabonde, majee, uye zviratidzo) mugore rapfuura.
Kudzidza, kwakatungamirirwa nehutsinye uye hutsinye hutsinye hwehupombwe doro Dorothy L. Espelage, PhD, purofesa wepfungwa panyaya yeYunivhesiti yeFlorida, akawana vana 1 300 muItaly vachibva kuchikoro chesekondari kuenda kuchikoro chesekondari kuti vaongorore njodzi dzinokonzerwa nokushungurudzwa uye kushungurudzwa kwepabonde. Zvimwe zvinonyanya kukosha zvekudzidza:
- Chechipiri nechechitanhatu vatoro vanodzvinyirira vanowanzoshandisa mutauro wevanhu vanoita zvekurara semunhu "gay" kana kuti "fag," kunyanya kana vachifunga kuti mwana haasi kuratidzira mafungiro akakwana ehutano hwavo (musikana ari mukadzi kana mukomana ari murume). Apo izvi zvinenge zvichiitika, anodaro Dr. Espelage, danho rakagadzirirwa kushungurudzwa kwepabonde, uye vana vanonzi mazita avo vanowanzotendeuka uye vanotambudza zvepabonde nevamwe vana kuratidza kuti havazi gay.
- Vose vanenge 25 muzana yevana vakashuma kumanikidzwa kutsvoda mumwe munhu uye kunyange kurwiswa zvepabonde, uye 21 muzana yevadzidzi vanotaura kuti vakagunzwa, vakabata, kana kuti vakapinhwa nenzira yepabonde. Inenge imwe muvashanu, kana 18 kubva muzana, yakati vamwe vana vakanga vatsamwisana navo nenzira inofadza.
- Vadzidzi vakati nzvimbo dzavo dzepachivande dzakabatwa pasina chibvumirano uye dzakashuma kunge "dzakapfigirwa" -kuisa mabhuruku avo kana zvidzitiro zvakakandwa pasi nemumwe munhu pachena.
- Vanenge 14 kubva muzana yevana vakaudza kuti vakanga vari ivo vanotarirwa zvepabonde, uye 9 muzana vakati vakanga vambotambudzwa nemafuta ekuratidza zvepabonde muchikoro chemakamuri emakamuri kana dzimba dzokugeza.
Zvingaitwa nevabereki Kudzivirira Vana Kubva Pakushungurudzwa Zvepabonde nekudheerera
- Tarisa kuti ndiani wavanenge vaine. "Chengeta, kutarisa, uye kuziva vabereki vevamwe mwana wako," anodaro Dr. Espelage. Taura nevana vako nezvekubata vanhu uye chii uye chisina kuremekedza.
- Tanga kutaura nezvekushungurudzwa kwepabonde kare. Nguva refu mushure mekunge mumwe munhu ane zvekuita zvepabonde achishanda kana mushandi naye kubasa, munhu iyeye anodzidza pfungwa dzinokuvadza uye mufambiro kuchikoro chesekondari, kuchikoro chepakati, uye kuchikoro chepuraimari. "Zvikoro zvinokonzera kushungurudzwa kwevakadzi," anodaro Dr. Espelage. "Zvatinoona mukoroji inotanga muna K kusvika kune gumi nevaviri."
- Chengeta hurukuro ichienda. Iyi haisi imwe yenyaya-hurukuro. Iva nechokwadi chekutora mukana wega wega muupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva kuti udzidzise vana pamusoro pokuremekedzwa uye kurara kwevakadzi. Kana iwe ukapfuura chikwata chichiratidzira mukadzi muchipfeko chakakosha chinoshandiswa kutengesa chigadzirwa, taura pamusoro pekuti ingava sei mharidzo inokuvadza uye kumbira mwana wako kuti afunge nezvemibvunzo yakaita sekuti vanhu vasaratidzwa nenzira yakawanda kana kuti nei vakadzi vanotora kutongwa zvakanyanya pamusoro pekuti vanoona sei pane kuti ivo ndevanaani. Ita kuti nguva dzose vataure pamusoro pekuti vanhu vanofanira kuonekwa sei zvichibva pamatarenda avo uye mano uye simba rehupenyu hwavo (kuti vakanaka zvakadini kana kuti ivo vanoita basa rerudo kana kuzvipira uye kubatsira vamwe) panzvimbo yezvavanoita kana kuti zvavanopfeka.
- Itai kuti vana vafunge nezve "tattoo" yavo. Yeuchidzai vana nguva dzose kuti izvo zvavanonyora pa Facebook kana Instagram kana mamwe mashizha emagariro evanhu anogara nokusingaperi, semufananidzo we digital, anodaro Dr. Espelage. Yeuchidza mwana wako kuti arege kutumira zvinhu zvakadai sehafu-isina mapikicha kana majee ehupombwe kana kudzvinyirira. "Kunyange vana vakanaka vanogona kupinda mumatambudziko kana vachifamba nechimwe chinhu kunyange kana vasinganzwisisi nokuti vanoda kudiwa," anodaro Dr. Espelage. "Icho chakakwirira kwazvo zvino; kana vana vakapinda mudambudziko, iyo yakakomba nokuti inogona kuva mhosva. Pane chigumisiro, kunyange kune majee. "
- Taura nechikoro chako. Kana mwana wako ave ari chinangwa chekudheererwa kana kushungurudzwa kwepabonde, kana kuti akazviona kuchikoro chake, taura nevadzidzisi nevatungamiriri. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshamisa zvinowanikwa mukutsvakurudza uku ndezvokuti vana vakawanda vakaramba zvavakawana sekusina basa guru, kunyange apo vakatsanangura zviitiko izvi sekutambudza. Iyi mafungiro inogona kunge iri chikamu chekuita kwevakuru vakuru vekuchikoro vasingakwanisi kugadzirisa kushungurudzwa kwepabonde sechikamu chezvidziviriro zvekudzivirira , anodaro Dr. Espelage. Ichi chidzidzo chinosimbisa kukosha kwekudzivirira kunetswa kwepabonde chikamu chekukurukurirana kwenyika pamusoro pekudheerera.
- Usatya kuva akasiyana nevamwe vabereki. Mikana ndeyekuti, vabereki vakawanda havasi kutaura zvakakwana nevana vavo pamusoro pezvinhu zvakadai sechisarudzo chebonde uye kushungurudzwa kwepabonde. "Kana mwana wako akati, 'Vamwe vabereki havaiti izvozvo,' saka uri kuita chimwe chinhu chakarurama," anodaro Dr. Espelage.