Your Complete Guide NICU Equipment
Zvichida chikamu chinonyanya kutyisa chokuva nemwana muNICU ndiyo yezvinhu zvisingazivikanwi uye zvigadziriswa muineonatal yakasimba yekuchengetedza. Kuona mwana wako akasungirirwa kumashini uye akafukidzwa nematairi inogona kuva inotyisa, asi mishini yacho yose inobatsira mwana wako kuti awane zvakanaka.
NICU midziyo inogona kushanda zvinangwa zvakasiyana-siyana kubva pakucherechedza hutano hwako hwe preemie nekusimbisa kufema kwavo.
Chimwe chezvinonyanya kubvunzwa pamusoro pezvigadzirwa ndiEECMO, saka tisati tatarisa zvimwe zvigadzirwa zveNICU nemitemo, ngatitangei kutarisa ECMO.
Chii chiri ECMO?
ECMO inotsanangurwa iyo inomirira extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Mushandi weE ECMO imashini inotora ropa kubva mumuviri, inokonzera okisijeni iko kushandisa mapapu emapenzi uye inomuputira mumuviri achishandisa mwoyo wekuita. ECMO yakafanana nemichina yemapapiro / mapapu inoshandiswa mukuvhiya kwepfungwa yakasununguka asi inogona kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba.
Kunyanya kunyanya, ECMO inoputira ropa neropa uye rinobvisa carbon dioxide, tsvina yekufema. Uyezve, ECMO inogona kupa ropa kutsigirwa. Kunyange zvazvo mishonga inotsigira yemapiriniopulmonary kana kuti "mwoyo-lung" mishonga inogona kushandiswa kwemaawa mashomanana muimba yekushandisa, ECMO inogona kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba muzvirongwa kunze kwekamuri yekushanda seNICU.
Heino izvo zvikamu zve ECMO:
- Circuit tubing
- Membrane oxygenator
- Mhedzisiro chaiyo iyo inodzorera ropa kune imwe yehutachiona kana hutachiona
- Centrifugal or roller pump
- Kuchenesa kupisa
Ndiani Anoda ECMO?
ECMO inorapwa, saka inoshandiswa chete kune vacheche avo vanorwara zvikuru uye vangangofa pasina iyo. ECMO inogona kutarirwa kune vacheche vane:
- Meconium aspiration syndrome
- Kupfurikidza nemapemetheni yeupemhesi yechechecheche (PPHN)
- Yakanyanya kufema kupera chirwere
- Utachiona hunopisa upenyu kana pneumonia
ECMO inogonawo kushandiswa chero chipi zvacho chakakomba chinokonzera mwoyo wemwana kana mapapu kuti arege kushanda zvakanaka. Nokuti ECMO inogona kushandiswa kwemasvondo mashomanana chete, inoshandiswa chete kune varwere vanotarisirwa kupora mushure mekurapa kana kuvhiyiwa.
ECMO Inoshanda Sei?
Kutanga kurapa kweEECM, vanachiremba vachaisa marefu mabheti anonzi catheters mumidziyo yeropa remwana. Iko catheter inogona kupinda kuburikidza nekudhonza zvishoma mumutsipa wemwana kana kugomera uye ichaenda kumidziyo huru pedyo nemwoyo wemwana.
Kamwe kathetta dziripo, vanachiremba vachabatanidza kusvika kune ECMO machine tubing, iyo inenge yatozadzwa neropa ravanopa. Apo mhepo ye ECMO ichishandurwa, ichadurura ropa kubva kumucheche, inomuputira nepamuviri iyo inowedzera oksijeni uye inobvisa carbon dioxide uye inodzorera ropa reoksijeni kumwana.
Ndeapi Ngozi dze ECMO?
Nemhaka yekuti kune ngozi dzakasiyana dzinosangana neEECM, inoshandiswa chete mumucheche avo vanorwara zvokuti vanogona kufa vasina kurapwa. Ngozi dzinosanganisira:
- Kusvibiswa: Heparin, ropa rakapfava, rinoshandiswa kudzivirira ropa maziso panguva ye ECMO. Heparin inogona kukonzera kubuda ropa kubva kune mavharo akaiswa kana mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzomuviri.
- Kutapukira: Chero nguva chero chinhu chekunze, chakadai seCEMTER catheter, chinoiswa mumuviri, chinogona kukonzera utachiona.
- Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH): Kusveta muuropi chinhu chakakomba chekuita kweEECMO.
- Ropa rinoputika: Maduku maduku eropa anogona kuumba mu ECMO tubing. Izvi zvipfeko zvinogona kufamba kuburikidza neropa uye zvinokonzera kukuvara kana rufu.
- Kuwedzerwa ropa: Kazhinji kuwedzerwa ropa kunogona kudiwa kana mwana ari pana ECMO. Kunyange zvazvo ropa riripo rakachengeteka, pane nguva dzose njodzi yezvirwere kubva kune ropa rinopa.
Zvimwe Zvokudzivirira Zvishandiso muNICU
Mukuwedzera kune ECMO, unogona kusangana nemamwe magetsi ekuNICU.
Vana vacheche muNICU vangada kubatsirwa kufema kana kuti kuchengetedza ropa ravo rinogadziriswa. Zvirwere zvokuputika muNICU zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Nasal cannulas: A canal canal is a set of small scalp can give oxygen higher than oxygen. Vanokwanisawo kupa nzvimbo yepamhepo panzvimbo yakakwirira, iyo inobatsira kuchengetedza mhepo kuzaruka uye kukurudzira vana kuzvifema ivo voga.
- CPAP: Kuenderera mberi kwakanaka kwemhepo, kana CPAP , inoshandisa maskki kana sarudzo yakasarudzwa yemasaline yakasimbiswa pamhino yemwana kuti igare ichirova mweya. Kushingaira kunogara kuchikurudzira mhepo yakasununguka uye inoyeuchidza vacheche kufema, uye kuwedzera kwemajini kunogona kushandiswa.
- Ventilator: Kana mwana akaiswa mufini , ipapo nzira inonzi intubation inoshandiswa kuisa tuyo inonzi "endotracheal tube" mumugwagwa mumuromo kana mumhino. Iyo ventilator, kana kupfurikidza, ndiyo mhepo inoponesa kufema kumucheche asingagoni kufema oga kana kuti asingafemere zvakanaka.
Kuongorora Zvishandiso muVavengi
Mukuwedzera kumichina yekufema, vacheche muzvikoro zvekuchengetedza zvakanyanya vanoramba vachiongororwa kuti vaone kuti vane utano. Maziso anowanzoshandiswa anosanganisira:
- Mucherechedzi weCardiac: Izvi zvinoshandisa zvigadziri pamapfupa akabatanidzwa kune foni (inonzi inotungamirira) iyo inokonzera kusvika kune chekuita kuti ione kuti mwoyo wemwana uri kurova panguva yakakodzera uye ine rhythm yakarurama.
- Vanotarisa kuporesa: Kazhinji chikamu chevatariri vemwoyo, kushandiswa uku kunotungamirira kuona kutarisa kwemwana nekufema.
- Pulse oximeters: Izvi zvinoputirana nechecheche kana mwana wechipfuva uye vane chiedza chegurufu chinotarisa kuwanda kwomweya muropa.
IV Zvishandiso zveVavengi
Iwe unogona kunge uchiziva maVV, kana kuti micheka miduku inopinda mumasvini kubvumira vashandi kuti vawane mvura kana mishonga zvakananga mumakumbo. Sechikamu chetsika dzeNICU dzinogara dziripo, vana vachipinda muNICU vanogona kunge vane michina yakawanda yemiganhu IV:
- Peripheral IVs: Iyi ndiyo "nguva dzose" IV inopinda mumuviri wemishonga kana mvura. Peripheral IVs inogona kunge iri mumakumbo, maoko, maoko, kana zviputi zvevana vasati vasvika . Kunyange zvazvo nyuchi dzevana dzinotarisa kuvhunduka kuvabereki, dzinowanikwa zvakanyanya muNICU kubva mucheche asati azvarwa asati aine mitsipa yakanaka yeVV mumaoko avo netsoka.
- Mitsara yePICC: Percutaneously akaiswa catheters, pakati pemiganhu yePICC kwenguva pfupi, inoratidzika seyenguva dzose IV. Vane kathetta yakareba, kana tubhu, kupfuura nguva dzose dzeVV, uye vanofamba mumumvuri kupinda mumasuru makuru asina chinhu mumoyo. Kuiswa kwezvirevo izvi ndeimwe yenzira dzeNICU vana dzinowanzoitika.
- Makatekiti embilical: Izvi zvinowanikwa mumutsara wemudumbu uye kuenda kune miviri yakawanda uye mitsetse iri pedyo nemwoyo. Mitsetse yeumbilical inogona kuiswa mukati meyeri mumutsara wembilical, mhino mumutsara wembilical, kana maviri, kubvumira kushanduka kwemishonga nemishonga, kushandiswa kweropa, kutarisa ropa risingaverengeki, uye dzimwe nzira.
Zvimwe Zvishandiso muNICU
Paunenge uri muNICU, mwana wako angada mimwe midziyo yakawedzerwa zvakare.
- Kudyisa mabhuti: Bhuku rekudya rinobva mumuromo (orogastric- rinonzi OG) kana kubva mumhino (nasogastric- inonzi NG) kumudumbu. Vacheche vanorwara zvikuru kana vasina simba kudya kubva pachipfuva kana kubva kubhodhoro vanogamuchira zvokudya kuburikidza nemataipi. Kuisa mavhiri uye kupa zvipo kuburikidza navo zvinowanzoitwa pakati pevana vasati vasvika.
- Incubators: Vana vasati vatanga kunetseka kuchengeta kudziya, saka zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa kupa nzvimbo inodziya kuti mwana agare. Ganda rinotarisa rinogara richiyera kutonhora kwomwana, saka haatonhori kana kuti kunotonhora.
- Phototherapy: Vavengi vanowanzova nezvinetso kubva mujerice. Phototherapy magetsi, anonziwo magetsi emagetsi, zviedza zvinokosha zvinobatsira muviri wemwana kuputsa bilirubin , chimiro chinokonzera jaundice .
Sources:
American Academy of Pediatrics. "Mazinga eNeonatal Care" Pediatrics 2004 114: 1341-1347. > http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/114/5/1341.full.
Children's Hospital yePittsburgh. "Maitiro uye Zvishandiso muNICU."
Children's Hospital West. "Kutarisira Kwatinoita NICU Staff." 2008. https://www.mhs.net/locations/memorial-west/neonatal/staff.
Cincinnati Vana. "Zvokuvhiya Zvokuvhiya: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO). Https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/e/ecmo.
March weDhimes. "Glossary: Kazhinji NICU Equipment." Gumiguru 2008.
Nemours Foundation. "Apo Mwana Wako Ari MuNICU."
Stanford School of Medicine Lane Medical Library. "Mharidzo ye ECMO yeVabereki" http://lane.stanford.edu/portals/cvicu/HCP_CV_Tab_1/ecmo_for_parents.pdf.