Pave nemakore mashanu, mwanakomana wangu ari kungodzidza kunyora zita rake rakakwana. Anofamba-famba pamba, achizvikudza achiratidza zita rake, mazita mashomanana kumashure, kune vose vanomuteerera.
Ini nomurume wangu, zvirokwazvo, tinotora nguva yekurumbidza mabasa ake ekudzidza kunyora zita rake, uye kunyange unyanzvi hwekudzidza kunyora zita rake hwakanaka pamwe nemwana wezera rake, chidzidzo 2017 chawana kuti, chaizvoizvo, zvichida akazotanga kudzidza kunyora makore mashoma apfuura.
Paunonyatsofunga nezvazvo, chokwadi chokuti vana vakadzidza mutauro, vakadzidza kutaura uye kunyora munguva yakadaro shoma, zvinoshamisa. Sevabereki uye vanochengeta uye vadzidzisi, isu tose tinoda kukurudzira vana vedu kuti vadzidze unyanzvi hwavanoda hupenyu hwavo hwose, asi vazhinji vedu hatifaniri kufunga zvakanyanya pamusoro pekuti unyanzvi uhwu hunokura sei-kana panguva ipi yatinokwanisa kukurudzira vana kuti vatange kudzidza kudzidza kunyora.
Vana Vana Rini Kudzidza Kunyora?
Tingafunga kuti vana havanyatsoidzidza kunyora kusvikira vasvika kumakore ekare, semwanakomana wangu, asi chidzidzo chakaitwa neWashington University muSt. Louis chakafumura zvimwe zvitsva zvinonakidza zvinoratidza zvimwe. Kudzidza, kwakabudiswa mubhuku rinonzi Child Development, kwakaratidza kuti vana chaizvoizvo vanotanga kudzidza ruzivo rwokunyora mushure mezera remakore matatu.
Pamberi pacho, nyanzvi dzekugadzira vana dzakanga dzafunga kuti vana vakadzidza kunyora chete kana vakadzidza kuti chii chinomirira tsamba imwe neimwe.
Saka, somuenzaniso, kana mwana akadzidza kuti "A" inoratidzika sei, iye / anogona kugona kuti inzwi kune tsamba uye kubva ipapo, tanga kunyora tsamba dzinomirira manzwi avanonzwa.
Pane kudaro, chidzidzo ichi chakawana kuti vana vanonyatsodzidza zvinyorwa zvekunyora vasati vadzidza kuti tsamba dzipi dzinomirira mhere.
Muongorori wezvinyorwa Rebecca Treiman, purofesa wezvesayenzi nehupfungwa, akatsanangura kuti chidzidzo chacho chakaratidza kuti vana chaizvoizvo vanoratidza ruzivo pamusoro pemafomu emitauro yakanyorwa, seyetsamba dzipi dzinowanzobatanidzwa pamwe vasati vadzidza kuti zvinyorwa zvacho zvinomirirei. Ubongo hwavo huri kuziva maitiro mumashoko avo vangaona mubhuku, kunyange vasati vaziva kuti zvirevo izvi zvinorevei kana kuti zvinorevei nemashoko.
Maitiro Okunyora Maitiro Anokura
Ichi chidzidzo, kusiyana nedzimwe dzidzo dzakaongorora kuti vana vanokwanisa sei kunyora pavanenge vakwegura, vachitarisa kuti vana vaduku vanodzidza sei kunyora. Vatsvakurudzi vakawana kuti vana vanotanga kunyora "mazwi" anonyatsotevedzera mitemo yerurimi rwakanyorwa, sezera remakore matatu. Somuenzaniso, vanogona kunyora shoko risingazivi, asi rinogona kutevera mutemo wekutanga wekutarisa shoko rinoreva kudzokorora tsamba dzinomiririra zvivharosi kana mazwi emhando.
Chidzidzo cheTriman chakatarisa kuperesa kwe "mazwi" kubva ku179 vana muU.S. pakati pezera remakore matatu nemwedzi miviri nemakore mashanu mwedzi 6 vakange vari "mafungiro evhangeri"; izvi zvinongoreva kuti ivo vakanyora mazwi ane tsamba dzakanga dzisingabatanidzwi nemanzwi eetsamba mumashoko chaiwo.
Zvavakawana ndezvokuti kana vakakumbira kuparidzira shoko rakafanana, "kati," somuenzaniso, mwana akwegura angasazokwanisa kunyora chero tsamba dzinonyatsonzwika seyetsamba iri muzwi, asi iye anoziva kuti "cat" iri shoko rakapfupi pane kutaura "nzou" uye anonyora pasi mazwi avo maererano. Unyanzvi hunovandudza sezvo mwana akwegura, saka vana vane makore mashanu vane mano akanakisisa ekunyora mazwi akafanana nemashoko kudarika vekuchikoro.
Vatsvakurudzi vanobva pane zvinoratidzika se "shoko" pane zvishoma, izvo zvaisanganisira: kureba kweshoko, vachishandisa tsamba dzakasiyana mukati memashoko, uye kuti vakabatanidza sei tsamba mumashoko.
Zvinorehwa NeChidzidzo
Maererano nevatsvakurudzi, chidzidzo ichi chinokosha kutarisa kuti vana vanodzidza sei kutora mitemo yekutanga yekuverenga nekunyora pamakore mashoma kupfuura aimbofunga. Kuziva izvi kunobvumira vabereki, vatarisi, uye vadzidzisi kuti vadzidzise vana vaduku nheyo dzemutauro, vachivapa kutanga nani pane kudzidza kwenguva refu.
Muongorori wekunyora uyu akataura zvakare kuti zvitsva zvinogona kubatsira vadzidzisi kuvaka urongwa hwekuziva chero upi zvake hwekuremara hwekudzidza kare zvakare. Vana vanogona kunge vane matambudziko ekudzidza vanobatsirwa nekupindira kwepakutanga, saka kujekesa matambudziko acho nekukurumidza kunogona kubatsira.
Zvaunogona Kuita Kuti Ukurudzire Kunyora MuMwana Wako
Nepo iwe usingafaniri kunetseka nezvekugadzira kirasi yekunyora pasi nemwana wako muduku, unogona kutanga kutanga kuunza unyanzvi hwokunyora kune mwana wako kana uchida. Iwe unogona kuva nechido chekuona kuti mwana wako wechidiki anoswedera sei kuverenga nokunyora, kana iye achizoita zvakananga kune rudo rwemirimi, kana kuti iwe unotarisira matambudziko ose. Asi, hongu, gara uchiyeuka kuti vana vanochinja zvishoma kubva kumakore vaduku kusvika kuchikoro -zera remakore zvakare.
Kuti utange kuunza kunyora kune mwana wako, edza mazano anotevera:
- Funga nezvemotokari yako yekuvandudza motokari. Kana mwana wako ari kutevera chimiro chekusimudzira motokari, unogona kutarisa unyanzvi hwake hunobudirira hunoona kuti chii chaanofanira kuita kuburikidza nemakore. Kana mwana wako muduku achiri muduku zvikuru kuti abate krayoni, somuenzaniso, zvingasava nguva yekutanga kuisa mazwi iye zvino.
- Ipa makrayoni makuru, mazita, kana mapeji emwana wako muduku kuti anzwisise. Munhu ane makore matatu ane chimiro chekugadzirisa anofanira kunge achikwanisa kubatisisa uye kuisa ruvara rwekrayoni, marker, kana pensizha, asi mwana muduku anogona kubatsirwa kubva kune krayoni yakakura ine tsvimbo yakasimba. Chigadzirwa chakakura chinoita kuti zvive nyore kuti mwana wechidiki abate uye anotanga kuvhara pamapepa.
- Tungamirira mwana wako mudiki mumitambo yemashoko. Pane nzira dzakawanda dzaunogona kuisa pfungwa yemashoko kumwana wako-iwe unogona kutora shoko nemufananidzo wakafanana, iwe unogona kuita kuti mwana wako aite tsika yekunyora mazwi mushure mekunyora, kana iwe unogona kutamba mitambo yemhuri yedu ye "Snowman. " Dhonza mitsetse ye tsamba imwe neimwe mune rimwe shoko, iwe iwe muduku wekufungidzira tsamba yezwi, uye tsamba imwe isina kukwana inowana imwe chikamu chechando. (Zvakafanana ne "Hangman," asi mwana chete ndiye akakodzera!)
- Vape rusununguko. Kunyange zvazvo zvingaratidzika zvichiedza kuedza kutungamira mwana wako kuti ave mhemivharidzi ane makore maviri, chimwe chezvinhu zvakanakisisa zvaunogona kuitira mwana wako ndechokudzoka shure uye kumurega aone kuti zvinorevei kunyora zvose ari oga. Anogona kukutevedzera kana kuedza kunyora mazwi kubva mumabhuku ake, asi iva nechokwadi chokuti kutamba ibasa rehuduku uye muduku wako ari kugara achidzidza zvakanakisisa kuburikidza nekusununguka.
Shoko Rinobva Kunyanya
Kudzidzisa mwana wako kunyora kunotanga achiri muduku. Iwe unogona kubatsira kusimbisa ruoko rwemwana wako-maziso ekubatanidza nekuisa makrayoni kana zvimwe zvinyorwa zvekunyora achiri muduku, agere pasi nemwana wako kuti ataure mazwi uye ataure pamusoro pavo pamwechete, uye kupa mwana wako nzvimbo kuti aongorore kunyora. Kunyangwe kana "mazwi" vana vako vakanyora kuonekwa sechinhu chakaita sechinhu chinokanganisa iwe, zvakakosha matanho ekutanga kuti udzidze nzira yekukurukurirana kuburikidza nemutauro wakanyorwa, saka umukurudzire kunyora kakawanda.
Uye sezvisizvo, chinhu chimwe chete chakanakisisa chaunogona kuitira mwana wako pazera ripi zvaro kuverenga pamwe chete . Iwe unogona kutenderera kuverenga kumwana wako kana kuti mwana wako "averenge" kwauri, asi nenzira imwe neimwe, zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti kuverenga pamwe chete kunobatsira zvose zvese zvekutaurirana, kutaurirana mumitauro, uye ramangwana ramangwana. Kunyanya, kuverenga nguva dzose chinhu chinonakidza kuita pamwe chete. Iwe haugone kumira zvakanaka nekuverenga uye zvinonakidza kuona kuti zvidzidzo zviri kutiratidza sei kuti kune humwe hufambiro hunoitika huchiri kunyange nemakore mashomanana zvadaro tinoona. Kujekesa unyanzvi hwemutauro, nenzira yekuverenga kana kunyora kunogonawo kubatsira kuziva chero zvingangoita zvinetso zvekudzidza kare.
Sources
Treiman R, Kessler B, Boland K, et al. Statistical Kudzidza nekuSpelling: Vakwegura Vanoparidzira Vashambadziri Vanokurudzira Zvimwe Zvinyorwa Zveshoko Sezvakangoita Vaduku Vanoparidzira. Child Development , 2017; DOI: 10.1111 / cdev.12893