Makore mashomanana mashomanana adarika, Zika HIV yakanga ichiita zvinyorwa pasi rose. Zika inotyisa kumadzimai ane pamuviri uye vacheche munzvimbo dzakawanda dzinoputika pasi pose. Mutengo wekuti vana vangani Zika vakanganisa zvakaoma kusarudza, sezvo zvisingaratidzike ne100 muzana kuti Zika inokonzera zvinetso zvakadai se microcephaly.
Zvisinei, World Health Organization inotaura kuti "inogamuchirwa zvakazara" kuti iyo mamiriro maviri akabatanidzwa, uye mumatambudziko akawanda emucheche ane microcephaly, hutachiona hwave hwakasimbiswa, huchitungamirira vanachiremba kuti varambe vachibatanidza hutachiwana nehutano.
MuBrazil, imwe yenharaunda dzakaona nhamba yepamusoro yezviitiko zveZika, World Health Organization (WHO) yakashuma kuti avhareji emasitadhi 164 e microcephaly aitaurirwa gore rimwe nerimwe kubva muna 2001 kusvika muna 2014. Kunyange zvazvo kwete imwe neimwe yeiyo zviitiko zvinogona kuonekwa kuti zvinokonzerwa neZika, nhamba dzinoratidza chirevo chakasimba. Uye iyo imwe chete yeZika-ine utachiona. IW WHO yakawanawo kuti kubva kumusoro kubva kunyika makumi matatu nemaviri akabatwa nehutachiona.
Kunyange zvazvo Zika inofanirwa kunge yakaderera kwenguva, sezvo Centers for Disease Control ine zero yakashuma matambudziko ehutachiwana kusvika pano muna 2018, izvo hazvina kuchinja chokwadi chokuti utachiona hwave hwakakanganisa mhuri dzakawanda pasi rose.
Uye ikozvino, sezvo ivo vacheche vanotambudzwa neZika virus vari kukura, chii chiri kuitika kwavari? Zika inobata sei vana vaduku?
Chii Chinonzi Virus Zika?
Maererano neCDC, Zika yakatanga kuwanikwa kare kare muna 1947. Yakawanikwa muZika Forest, saka zita rokuti "Zika chirwere." Pakave nekuparuka kwakasiyana kwehutachiona hwevanhu kubvira pakatanga kuwanikwa.
Kuuya kwekusununguka kwekufamba kwenyika yose, pamwe chete nekuti Zika inogona kuparidzirwa kuburikidza nekuita zvepabonde uye kuburikidza naamai panguva yekuzvitakura, yakabatanidzwa mukuputika kwemazuva ano, kwakatanga muna 2015.
Zika utachiona hwakafanana nezvimwe zvirwere zvakawanda, pakuti hazvina kukonzera matambudziko makuru mumunhu mumwe nomumwe ane HIV. Somuenzaniso, kune vanhu vakawanda vane hutano hwakanaka, Zika akanaka kwazvo; iyo inogona kukonzera hove duku kana kuti kuputika, asi kunze kweiyo, haina kutakura ngozi ipi zvayo. Zvisinei, mune vamwe vanhu, hutachiona hunogona kunge huri hukukuvadza zvikuru. Madzimai ane pamuviri, chirwere cheZika chinogona kutungamirira kune hutachiona hunokonzera kukanganisa kuberekwa, kusanganisira microcephaly, pamwe nekumwe kukanganisa kwekuberekwa kana kupererwa kwepamuviri uye kuberekwa. Zika zvakare yakabatanidzwa naGuillain-Barre syndrome, iyo inokanganisa hurongwa hwekutya.
Nzira Zika Inobata Vana Vechidiki
Muna December 2017 kudzidza kubva kuCDC kwakanyatsorondedzera kuti chizvarwa chekutanga chevana vanozvarwa neZika chetachiona ikozvino chinoshandura maviri, kupinda muzera rekudarika. Vanachiremba vari kutevera kubudirira kwavo pamwe nekudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekuti Zika ingakanganisa vana sei pavanokura. Chidzidzo chacho chaitarisa zvikurukuru kuvana vaduku vanobva kuBrazil avo vakanga vatapukirwa neZika, seBrazil yaiva imwe yenyika dzakaoma zvikuru-dzakakundwa nehutachiona uye zvinetso zvayo zvinoguma.
Mune chiitiko chekare, vanachiremba vakange vaongorora vana vaduku 19 vakange vaona zvakanyanya microcephaly kubvira pakuberekwa uye vose vakazoratidza zvinetso zvinokonzerwa nekukanganisa kwekuvandudza kweuropi. Vana vaduku vakaongororwa pakati pemakore gumi nemanomwe nemana makumi maviri nemana uye vana vose vaiva nematambudziko akadai sekutambudza matambudziko, zvinetso kuona uye kunzwa, kuvhiringidzika kwehope, uye kukanganiswa kwema motokari. Chidzidzo chacho chakacherechedza kuti vose vevana vaiva ne "zvakanyanya kushanda zvisingakwanisi" uye saka vaida kutarisirwa zvakakwana kubva kumubereki, mutarisiri, kana musangano.
Chimwe chidzidzo chakatarisa zvinokonzerwa neZika zvakaitwa iyo yainzi iyo Zika Mitsva uye Kuvandudza Mucheche nevana (ZODIAC) kuongorora.
Dzidzo yeZODIAC yakaratidza kuti zvakawanikwa zvaienderana nevamwe vana vakanga vane Zikawo; vamwe vana vaduku vairatidza zviratidzo zvakafanana zvekuve vaduku pamakore avo, zvinetso zvakadai sekugumburwa, kushanya kwenguva yakawanda kuchipatara, kunetseka kwekurara, nekudya kuora mwoyo kwezvinhu zvinokonzera. Vakawanda vevana vaduku vaivewo nezvinetso zvekunzwa nekutarisa, uye hapana mumwe wevana vaduku vakapfuura chirongwa chakagadzirirwa mwedzi mitanhatu-yekare. Kakawanda, chidzidzo chacho chakacherechedza kuti vanachiremba zvino vanoziva kupfuura dzimwe nguva zvimwe zvezvinetso Zika zvinogona kukonzera vana uye izvi zvinogona kubatsira kutungamirira kutarisira kwavo mune remangwana.
Shoko Rinobva Kunyanya
Kunyangwe zvigumisiro zvekudzidza kwevana vaduku neZika zvingave zvisina kuratidza zviwanikwa zvinopika, zvakakosha kutsvakira vanachiremba kuziva zvakajeka kuti hutachiona hunogona kuvhiringidza sei vana vane utachiona. Zvakawanikwa zvinogona kubatsirawo vanachiremba kuziva izvo zvakatanga kuongororwa, kupindira, uye kutsigirwa kunogona kubatsira kune vana vamangwana vangave vane zvinetso kubva kuZika.
Sources
Nzvimbo dzeDaase Control uye Kudzivirira. (2017, August 28). Zvekare: Zika virusi. Yakadzorerwa kubva: https://www.cdc.gov/zika/about/overview.html
Satterfield-Nash A, Kotzky K, Allen J, et al. Utano uye Kuvandudza pazera remakore 19-24 Mwedzi ye19 Vana Vana Vakaberekerwa ne Microcephaly uye Laboratoire Uchapupu hweKubata Zena Virus Infection Panguva yaZika Virus Outbreak 2015 - Brazil, 2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017; 66: 1347-1351. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6649a2.
World Health Organization. (2016, Feb 5). Zika Report Report. Kudzorerwa kubva ku http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/204348/1/zikasitrep_5Feb2016_eng.pdf?