Vatsvakurudzi vave vachidzidza kushungurudza kwemakore. Zvavakawana ndezvokuti kune zvakawanda zvekudheerera pane kusangana neziso. Somuenzaniso, vanhu vazhinji kamwechete vaitenda kuti kudzvinyirira bedzi kwaive kusanganisira kuvhiringidza muviri uye kudana zita. Asi kana zvasvika pakudheererwa kune zvikonzero zvakasiyana siyana zvekudheerera. Kutaura zvazviri, kune marudzi matanhatu ekudheerera, kusanganisira zvose kubva pakusabvisa nekunyomba pamusoro pevanhu kuti vaseke rudzi kana chitendero.
Izvo zvinopfuura, kwete vese vanodzvinyirira vakafanana. Munhu wese anodheerera ane nzira yakasiyana uye anoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana kuti atyisidzire uye atungamirire akabatwa. Nokudaro, vamwe vana vanodheerera vanonyengera zvikuru pamusoro pekuti vanorwisa sei chinangwa chavo kana vamwe vakanyarara vachireva. Nokuziva kwete chete marudzi ekudzvinyirira asiwo maitiro evarondedzeri mwana wako angasangana nawo, iwe unenge wakagadzirirwa zviri nani kubatsira mwana wako mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu.
Mhando 6 dzeUkudheerera
Apo vanhu vazhinji vanofunga nezvekudheerera , vanofungidzira vakomana vachirova, vachikanda, uye vachirova. Asi kuvhiringidzika kwepanyama inongova rudzi rumwe chete rwekudheerera kunoitwa nevana. Kune imomo mitanhatu yepamusoro yemhando dzekudheerera. Heino mhedziso yezvitanhatu zvinowanzosvibiswa zvekudheerera zviri muzvikoro.
Physical Bullying
Kudheerera kwepanyama ndiyo nzira yakajeka yokudheerera. Izvo zvinoitika apo vana vanoshandisa zviito zvekuita kuti vawane simba uye kutonga pamusoro pezvinangwa zvavo. Kuzvidzivirira kwepanyama kunowanzove kwakakura, kwakasimba, uye kune utsinye kupfuura vezera ravo. Mienzaniso yekudzvinyirira kwepanyama kunosanganisira kukarova, kurova, kurova, kurova, kupwanya, nekumwe kurwisa kwemuviri.
Kusiyana nedzimwe nzira dzokudheerera, kunyanyisa kwepanyama ndiko kunonyanya kuzivikanwa. Somugumisiro, zvinowanzoita kuti vanhu vanofunga nezvei kana vachifunga nezvekudheerera. Uyezve, yakagara yakagadziriswa zvakanyanya kubva kune zvikoro kupfuura dzimwe nzira dzisinganzwisisiki dzokudheerera.
Kudheerera Kwemashoko
Vanokanganisa kutaura kwemashoko vanoshandisa mazwi, zvinyorwa, uye zita-kudana kuti vawane simba uye kudzora pane chinangwa. Kazhinji, vanhu vanodheerera vanotaura zvinyaradzo zvisingatauri kuti vanyengere, vanyengere, uye vakuvadze mumwe munhu. Vanosarudza zvinangwa zvavo zvichienderana nenzira yavanotarisa, kuita, kana kuzvibata. Izvo zvinowanzosvikanwa nekutuka kwemashoko kutarisa vana vane zvinodiwa zvakasiyana.
Kudheerera kwemashoko kazhinji kunonetsa zvikuru kuziva nekuti kurwisana kunowanzoitika apo vanhu vakuru vasati varipo. Somugumisiro, inowanzova shoko romunhu mumwechete kurwisana neshoko romumwe munhu. Uyezve, vazhinji vakura vanofunga kuti zvinhu zvinotaurwa nevana hazvitambudzi vamwe zvakanyanya. Semugumisiro, vanowanzotaurira munhu anotambudzwa kuti "arege kuzviisa pasi." Asi kutsvakurudza kwakaratidza kuti kushungurudzwa kwemashoko uye kudanwa zita kune migumisiro yakakomba uye kunogona kusiya zvakadzama zvinorwadza mupfungwa.
Relational Aggression
Kushungurudzika kwevamwe vanhu vane tsvina uye rudzi rusinganyengeri rwokudheerera runowanzoenda risingaonekwi nevabereki nevadzidzisi. Dzimwe nguva zvinonzi kushungurudzika mupfungwa, hukama hwemhuri ndechekushandiswa kwevanhu munharaunda apo tweens nevechidiki vanoedza kukuvadza vezera ravo kana kuparadza mararamiro avo.
Shamwari dzinoshamwaridzana dzinowanzoderedza vamwe kubva muboka, kuparadzira makuhwa, kuisa mamiriro ezvinhu, uye kuvhiringidza zvakavanzika. Chinangwa chiri shure kwehukama hunoshungurudza ndechokuwedzera hukama hwavo hwemagariro kuburikidza nekudzora kana kudzvinyirira mumwe munhu.
Mukati, vasikana vanowanzoshandisa kushamwaridzana kwehukama kupfuura vakomana, kunyanya pakati pechishanu nechisere yegiredhi. Somugumisiro, vasikana vanoita zvechisimba zvekudyidzana vanowanzodanwa vasikana vanoremekedzwa kana vadzivisi. Mukomana kana kuti pakati pamagumo ekugamuchirwa kwechisimba chekukwirirana kunogona kutyisidzirwa, kutuka, kusaregererwa, kusabatwa uye kutyisidzirwa. Kunyange zvazvo kushungurudzika kwepabonde kunowanzoitika kuchikoro chepakati, hazvirevi kune gumi chete. Kutaura zvazviri, vamwe vashandi vanodzvinyirira uye vamwe vanodzvinyirira kumabasa vanobatanawo mune zvechisimba.
Cyberbullying
Kana pakati kana mwana ari kuyaruka anoshandisa Indaneti, smartphone, kana imwe teknolojia yekuvhiringidza, kutyisidzira, kunyadzisa, kana kuronga mumwe munhu, izvi zvinonzi cyberbullying . Kana munhu mukuru akabatanidzwa mukushungurudzwa izvi zvinonzi cyber-kushungurudzwa kana cyberstalking.
Mienzaniso yekutengesa kwepabonde inosanganisira kutumira mifananidzo inokuvadza, kutyisidzira kuIndaneti, uye kutumira ma-mail anokuvadza kana magwaro. Nokuti vechidiki uye gumi nevaviri vanogara "vachengetwa," kubuda kwepabonde ndeyekukura kukuru pakati pevechidiki. Zviri kuwedzerawo kupararira nokuti vanodheerera vanogona kuvhiringidza zvinangwa zvavo nechinguva chiduku chekubatwa.
Kumbururu dzinowanzotaura zvinhu izvo hazvina ushingi hwokutaura chiso nechiso. Tekhinikiti inoita kuti vanzwe vasingazivikanwi, vasungwa, uye vanozvidzivirira kubva mumamiriro acho ezvinhu. Nokudaro, kudzvinyirirwa kwepakombiyuta kunowanzoreva uye hutsinye.
Kune zvinangwa zveyeribhubheri, inonzwa inopisa uye isingagumi. Vanyengeri vanogona kusvika kwavari chero nguva uye chero kupi zvako, kazhinji mukuchengeteka kwemusha wavo. Somugumisiro, migumisiro yekunyora mabhiriyuta inokosha.
Kuvhiringidza zvepabonde
Kushungurudzwa kwepabonde kunosanganisira kudzokorora, kukuvadza, nekunyadzisa zviito zvinotarisa munhu zvepabonde. Mienzaniso inosanganisira mazita ekuita zvepabonde, mazwi asina maturo, zviratidzo zvinonyadzisa, kugunzva kusingadiwi, kuratidzira zvepabonde, uye zvinonyadzisira . Semuenzaniso, munhu anodheerera angaita zvisiri izvo pamusoro pekuonekwa kwevasikana, kukwezva, kukurudzirwa kwepabonde, kana zvepabonde. Mune zviitiko zvakanyanyisa, kushungurudzwa kwepabonde kunovhura musuo wekurwisa zvepabonde.
Vasikana vanowanzotarisirwa kunetswa zvepabonde pamwe nevakomana uye nevamwe vasikana. Vakomana vanogona kuvabata zvisina kunaka, kuita zvinyorwa zvisina kufanira pamusoro pemitumbi yavo, kana kuvatsanangurira. Vasikana, kune rumwe rutivi, vanogona kudana vamwe vasikana mazita akadai se "slut" kana kuti "kutsika," vanozvidza mazwi pamusoro pemaitiro avo kana muviri, uye vanoita slut-shaming .
Kutumira sexting kunogona kutungamirira mukudheerera zvepabonde. Somuenzaniso, musikana anogona kutumira mufananidzo wake kune mukomana. Apo pavanoputsa, anogovana chikamu ichocho nechikoro chose. Mukupedzisira, anova chinangwa chekudheerera zvepabonde nokuti vanhu vanoseka muviri wavo, vanodana mazita avo asina maturo, uye vanotaura zvinyararire pamusoro pake. Vamwe vakomana vangatoona izvi sechikumbiro chakasununguka chokumukurudzira kana kumurova.
Kusarura Kunetswa
Kuvhiringidza kusarura kunobva mukusarura kwevana uye vechidiki kune vanhu vemarudzi akasiyana, zvitendero, kana zvepabonde. Izvi zvinogona kupindirana nemamwe marudzi ose ekudheererwa kusanganisira kubuda kwepabonde , kudzvinyirira manzwi, kudzvinyirira zvepabonde, kudzvinyirira, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange kuvhiringidza zvepabonde.
Apo kushungurudzika kwechisarudzo kunoitika, vana vari kutarisa vamwe vakasiyana navo uye vachivasarudza kunze. Kazhinji, rudzi urwu rwokudheerera rwakanyanya uye runogona kuvhura mukova wokuvenga uipi. Chero nguva ipi kana mwana achinyadziswa nokuda kwepabonde rake, rudzi, kana chitendero, rinofanira kuziviswa.
Nzvimbo Dzose dzeVhutsi
Zvinotyisa zvinogona kusiyana zvakasiyana kubva kune mumwe munhu kune mumwe. Vane maitiro akasiyana, unhu, zvinangwa, uye maitiro. Uye zvinangwa zvavo uye nzira dzekudheerera ndezvipi zvakasiyana. Asi yeuka, kwete vose vanodheerera vanozobatana zvakanaka muchikamu.
Vamwe vanodheerera vachawira muzvikamu zvakasiyana uye vamwe vangaita sevari muboka ravo rose. Heino mhedziso yematanhatu matanhatu anowanzosvibisa vana vako.
Vanokuvadzwa Vanokuvadza
Vanodzvinyirirwa vanowanzosimuka mushure mekushungurudzwa. Vanodzvinyirira vamwe simba kudarika ivo nokuti ivo, zvakare, vanyadziswa. Chinangwa chavo kazhinji ndechokuti vadzorezve pfungwa ye simba uye kutonga muhupenyu hwavo.
Izvi zvinowanzoitika. Kutaura zvazviri, nhamba huru yevana vanodzvinyirira vamwe vakadzvinyirirwa ivo pachavo. Kutsiva kwavo inzira yekuzvitsivira nekuda kwekutambudzika kwavanonzwa. Dzimwe nguva uyo anotambudzwa anobva kumusha wakazara nechisimba kumhuri kana kutambudzwa kubva kune imwe hama yakwegura. Muzviitiko izvi, kudzvinyirira inzira yekudzidza.
Vakawanda vanodheererwa vanosurukirwa kana kuti vanowira pasi pehutungamiri hwemagariro kuchikoro. Izvi zvinowedzera mupfungwa yekusava nesimba uye kutsamwa ivo vanonzwa. Somugumisiro, kudzvinyirira kwavo kunowanzowanzovhiringidza, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti utsinye hurege kufarirwa. Izvozvi zvinopfuurira kupfurikidza nekuenderera kwechinotyisa munhu .
Popular Bullies
Vanodheerera vanozivikanwa vane big egos. Ivo vane chivimbo uye vanozvideredza. Vanowanzove neboka revateveri kana vatsigiri uye vanogona kunzwa sokuti vanotonga chikoro. Uyezve, vanhu vanodzvinyirira vanozivikanwa vane pfungwa yekukodzera iyo inogona kubva pakurumbira kwavo, ukuru hwavo, kurera kwavo kana kuti mararamiro avo ehupfumi. Vanobudirira pane simba remuviri uye kutonga kwavanoita pamusoro pevarwere vavo uye vanogona kuzvirumbidza pamusoro pekudheerera kwavo.
Vakomana vakakurumbira vanowanzotambudza vamwe kuburikidza nemabasa ekuita sekumanikidza mumwe munhu, vachitora mabhuku avo kana kuisa pamakona. Apo vasikana vanozivikanwa vanoshandisa utsinye hwemhirizhonga. Vanoparadzira makuhwa, vanonyengera, uye vanowanzosiya vamwe.
Kuvhiringidzika kunowanzovhiringidzika dzimwe nguva mutambi wechikoro chechikoro kana mutungamiriri wechikoro anozivikanwa. Vanowedzera kuburikidza nekucherechedza uye simba ravanowana kubva mukudheerera. Vamwe vechidiki vanowanzomiririra rudzi urwu rwehupombwe nokuti vangada kugamuchirwa kupfuura kuvhiringidzwa.
Relational Bullies
Vaya vanodanana vanowanzowanzova mudzidzi anonyanya kufarira anofarira kusarudza kuti ndiani anogamuchirwa kuchikoro uye ndiani asiri. Kusiyana, kuparadzanisa, uye kukanganisa vamwe ndiyo zvombo zvinowanzoshandiswa nemhando iyi yevarume. Kazhinji kacho, shamwari dzekudanana dzinoshandisa chete kutaura kwemashoko kana kunetseka kuti uchengetedze kutonga. Nguva dzakawanda, vasikana vanoremekedzwa vese vanodzvinyiriri vehama.
Shamwari dzinoshamwaridzana dzinoramba dzichiita simba ravo nokushandisa makuhwa, makuhwa, mazita, uye zita-kudana. Kazhinji, vanotarisa vamwe nokuti vane godo kana kuti vanonzwa kuti vanhu havagamuchiri. Kuchengetedza mukurumbira ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekuita zvechisimba zvekurambana . Vaya vanodanana vanoita chero chinhu kuti vave chikamu che "mune boka revanhu."
Serial Bullies
Icho chinonyadzisa ndecheimwe rudzi rwevarume vanowanzowanikwa mumitambo yakakurumbira. Izvi zvinodheerera, zvakarongedzwa, uye zvinoratidzirwa mukusvika kwavo. Asi vabereki, vadzidzisi, uye vatungamiri vangave vasina ruzive kuti chii chinonyadzisa chisingaiti.
Kune kunze, rudzi urwu rwehutsinye hunoratidzika runotapira, runofadza, uye hunofadza kune vane chiremera mashomanana. Asi mukati, vanogona kutonhora uye kuverenga uye vanowanzokonzera kurwadziwa kwevanorwadziwa kwenguva refu. Dzimwe nguva kushungurudzika kunoshandisa kuvhiringidza muviri asi chete kana vachigona kuva nechokwadi kuti havazobatwi.
Vanodzvinyiriri vemazuva ano zvakare vane unyanzvi hwevanhu vanonyengera uye vanoreva nhema uye vanowanzova shamwari dzepedyo . Maitiro avo akanaka uye akanaka ndeimwe nzira yekushandisa nayo mamiriro ezvinhu kune avo vanoda.
Vanokwanisa kukanganisa chokwadi uye mamiriro ezvinhu kuti vaite sevari kutarisa vasina mhosva kana kuti vabve mumatambudziko kana vasangana. Kutaura zvazviri, kushungurudzwa kwevanhu vanowanzova vane unyanzvi pakunyengedza kuti avo vanowanzotya vanotya kutaura, vachigutsikana kuti hakuna munhu achazombovatenda.
Boka Ivarwi
Vanhu vane simba, avo vanowira munharaunda iyi, vanowanzova chikamu cheboka uye vane mafungiro ekufungidzira pavanenge vari pamwe chete. Vanowanzoshungurudza seboka asi vanoita zvakasiyana zvakanyanya pavanenge vari voga-kunyange kana vari voga nemunhu anenge atambudzwa. Kazhinji, boka revanhu vanodheerera ndivo mapoka anotevedzera mutungamiri weboka uye achangotevera.
Nokuti vana vanonzwa vakasuruvara kana vari muboka, vanowanzonzwa vakasununguka kutaura uye kuita zvinhu zvavasingazoiti. Vanonzwawo vashoma kutongerwa kwezviito zvavo nekuti "munhu wose ari kuita." Icho chinonyanya kutyisa chekudheerera nokuti zvinhu zvinokurumidza zvinogona kukura kunze kwekutonga.
Vasina hanya Bullies
Vasina hanya vanodzvinyiriri kazhinji havagoni kunzwa tsitsi . Somugumisiro, vanogona kazhinji kuonekwa sechando, vasina hanya, uye vakavharwa uye vane zvishoma zvikuru, kana pane, vachizvidemba pamusoro pezvavanoitira vamwe. Aya marudzi evanhu vanodheerera, kunyange zvazvo asingagoni kudarika mamwe maitiro evanhu vanodheerera, kazhinji anowanzova nengozi.
Vasina hanya nevanyengeri vari kudzvinyirira kufara kwekuona mumwe munhu achitambura uye havakanganisi nezviito zvekuranga . Uyezve, vasina hanya nevanyengeri vanowanzova vane utsinye uye vane matambudziko akakura epfungwa anoda kutariswa nenyanzvi. Kudyidzana kwekodzero kunowanzosaunza kuchinja mukudzvinyirira kwavo.
> Sources:
> Zvinyorwa Nezvokudheerera, StopBullying.gov, https://www.stopbullying.gov/media/facts/index.html
> Chikoro Kudzvinyirira Pakati peUnited States Vechiduku: Nyama, Relational, Verbal uye Cyber, National Library yeMishonga uye National Institute of Health, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2751860/
> Mitemo Yokudheerera, National Center Against Against Bullying, https://www.ncab.org.au/bullying-advice/bullying-for-parents/types-of-bullying/