ABO kusanzwisisana hazviiti zvakakomba asi zvinogona kukonzera jaundice kana chirwere chekushaya ropa
Mushure mokumirira mwedzi mipfumbamwe yakareba kuti vasangane nevana vavo, zvishoma zvinogona kufadza kuvabereki vatsva vanozvikudza kudarika kutora nhamba dze nzeve dzaanowana, dzakasvibirira chikafu, chine zvigunwe zviduku uye zviduku. Asi zvakadini neropa rake rudzi? Kunyange zvazvo zvingava zvakanaka chaizvo kuti bvudzi romucheche, riti, rakasiyana neyaamai vake (kunyange dai aive muchivande achifunga kuti aizotora nhaka yake sitirobi bhudzi rakaputika), dzimwe nguva inyaya yakasiyana kana ropa recheche ramai risina zvakafanana naamai vake.
Mukudaro, anogona kunge ari pangozi yehutano hunozivikanwa seAIDS ropa rekusawirirana, chirwere chinonzi hemolytic chirwere chechecheche (HDN). (Mumwe muenzaniso weHDN unowanikwa apo ropa reamai riri Rh negative uye mwana wavo Rh.) Rh chikonzero kusawirirana kunoongororwa panguva yekudzivirira, amai vanogona kupiwa kupfura kuti vatsaure zvinetso.)
Munguva yakapfuura, HDN (inozivikanwa seyerythroblastosis fetalis) inogona kuisa hutano hwemwana pangozi yakakomba. chokwadi, pane imwe nguva HDNs ndiyo yaiva chikonzero chikuru chekufa kwevana vatsva. Iye zvino vatsvakurudzi vezvokurapa vanonyatsonzwisisa nzira dzinokonzera HDN, ivo havasi sevanotyisa. Kana uri amai vatsva vane ropa recheche vakasiyana nevana venyu, hezvino izvo zvamunoda kuziva pamusoro peAbO kusagadzikana.
I-ABCs yeAABO kusabvumirana
Tsamba A, B, uye O dzinotaura nezvemarudzi mana eropa- A, B, AB, uye O. Ropa rudzi rwakatemwa zvichienderana nemapurotini ari pamusoro pemasero matsvuku eropa.
Aya mapuroteni anogona kuva maitiro anogadzirisa-zvinhu zvirwere zvemuviri hazvitauri. Kuti dzidzivirire, maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri achaita kuti zvirwere zvirambe zvichirwisa puroteni isingazivikanwi. Izvi zvinopesana nemvura zvinogona kuyambuka pasi, apo dzinoputsa masero matsvuku eropa mushure mokuberekwa kwake.
Chikonzero icho mwana weropa rwechiropa haasi nguva dzose zvakafanana naamai vake iyo iyo ropa reropa inowanikwa pamajeni kubva kumubereki mumwe nomumwe.
Nokudaro, somuenzaniso, amai vanofananidzira O uye baba vanofananidzira A vanogona kuva nemwana anonzi A. Chikonzero chikonzero mwana wacho aisazova neropa O, saamai vake, ndechokuti geni re O recessive.
Hasi yose kusanganisa kusanganiswa kwemajeri kune zvinetso. Abo kusagadzikana kunogona kuitika bedzi kana mukadzi ane chirongwa cheO O ropa ane mwana ane ropa rake rudzi rweA, rudzi rweB, kana kuverenga AB. Kana mwana akafananidzira O haazovi nechinetso nehutachiona hwema immune nokuti rudzi O masero eropa hauna maune-immune anokonzera antigens.
Kubva kusawirirana kweAO kunotorwa sei
Dambudziko rinowanzokonzerwa neAABO kusanzwisisika ndeye jaundice . Jaundice inowanikwa apo pane chivako chezvinhu zvakatsvuka-orangish muropa rinonzi bilirubin rinobudiswa apo masero matsvuku eropa anowira pasi. Kana mamwe masero matsvuku eropa achiputsika kamwechete pane akajairika, bilirubin inoguma ichaisa mafuta mavara pasi peganda, zvichiita kuti ruvara rwechando rweganda uye vatsvene vemaziso ari chiratidzo chekutsvaga kwe jaundice.
Haasi vana vose vane ABO kusagadzikana kuchawedzera jaundice, uye kwete vana vose vane jaundice vachada kurapwa kwakanyanya. Ichinoenderana nekuwanda kwebilirubin inounganidza muropa remwana.
Vamwe vana vane jaundice munyoro vanozobudirira pachavo pachavo nekungodyiwa kakawanda. Kuwedzera kwenguva pfupi kudyidzana kuchaita kuti kuwedzerwa kwemafuro, iyo ndiyo yakawanda inokwana bilirubin inobva mumuviri. Amai vanoyamwisa vangada kubhadhara kudya kwevana vavo nechirongwa chemazuva mashomanana kana mukoti oga asingatendi.
Kune vacheche vane jaundice yakanyanya kukura, phototherapy, kana kuti kurapa kwakasimba, inoshanda. Ganda recheche rinotaridzirwa kune mazaya akajeka anoshandura bilirubin kuva chinhu chinogona kupfuura nepamuviri wemwana. Mwana achazoiswa pasi pechiedza achipfeka chirasi uye zvinyoro zvemaziso.
Panzvimbo, kana kuwedzera kune, kuisa phototherapy mwana ane jaundice inogona kurapwa ne biliblanket iyo inoshandisa fiber optics kuputsa bilirubin .
Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, mwana ane HDN achada kurapwa nerudzi rwekuwedzerwa kweropa kunonzi kushandiswa kuwedzerwa ropa. Iyi ndiyo apo chikamu cheropa remwana chinotsiviwa nerudzi rweA ropa. Uye mwana anozova ane chirwere chakakomba semusana weHDN angave achida kuwedzerwa kudarika kwechidimbu umo apiwa ropa rinowedzera kuti adzorere ropa rakarashika.
> Sources:
> Zvirwere zveAvery zveMucheche . 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2012.
> Dean L. Makungu Eropa uye Antigens Red Red Cell , "Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn," National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2005.