Vanhu vave vachiedza kuregererwa kubva pamigodhi chero bedzi zvirwere zvichiri kudzivirira vanhu kubva kune zvirwere zvinodzivirirwa. Nhasi, kuregererwa kwechirwere kunopinda mumapoka matatu makuru:
- Kuregererwa Kwechiremba-kunosanganisira kurwara kwakanyanya kune chirwere kana kuti zvikamu zvechirwere, zvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere
- Kusunungurwa Kwezvitendero-kunobva pane zvinyorwa zvechitendero chakarongedza chinorapa vachipinda nhengo dzayo
- Mafirosofi Kununurwa-anonziwo munhu-kutenda kusunungurwa
Kunyange zvazvo zvirwere zvinotarisirwa kuti zvipinde zvikoro zvakawanda muUnited States, nekunyoreswa kwepamusoro, vana vakawanda vanopinda pasina vachi vachirwa kana kuti vacheche.
Uyewo, vabereki vanogona kusarudza kusatumira vana vavo kuchikoro. Vana vane dzimba-vakadzidza kazhinji havakwanisi kuwana zvakafanana zvirongwa zvinoshandiswa sevana vanoenda kuchikoro chevanhu kana chega.
Kubuda Kwemazuva Pfupi muMasangano echitendero
Kakawanda kubuda kwechirwere chezvirwere zvinodzivirirwa kwakaparadza mapoka ezvitendero muNorth America. Kubuda mumakore akapfuura kunosanganisira:
- Zvimwe mapeji 158 emasero muQuebec mune mhirizhonga iyo yakatanga apo apo vasina kusvibiswa nhengo dzomu anti-vaccine eugenics community group vakatora rwendo kuenda ku Disneyland
- Zvinosvika 320 masero emasero muBritain Columbia ayo akabatanidzwa neboka rechitendero rinonzi Ungano yeReformed Congregation
- Vanhu vanenge 16 vari kuTexas vane maserosi avo vanobatanidzwa neEagle Mountain International Church, inotsanangurwa se "anti-vaccine" uye "vaccine" uye iyo chikamu che Kenneth Copeland Ministries
- Vanhu vanosvika 58 vari muOrdodox mharaunda yevaJudha muBorough Park neWilliamsburg, kuBrooklyn iyo yakagadzira masero-kuputika kukuru muUnited States kubva pakupararira kwemasero kwakaparadzwa
- Vanhu vanenge 21 muNorth Carolina vane masero ayo anonzi Prabhupada Village, munharaunda ye Hare Hare
- Mhosva dzinokwana 2,499 muDutch "bhanhire reBhaibheri" rine imwe nharo yemasero encephalitis uye rufu rumwe (musikana ane makore 17)
Hapana chimwe chezvitendero izvi chinodzivisa mitezo yavo kuti iwane chirwere. Eagle Mountain International Church yakatova nemakiriniki emakirini mashomanana muchechi yavo panguva yekubuda kwemasikirwo.
Kusunungurwa kwechitendero kune vachiini
Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vanhu vari mumapoka echitendero masumbu uye vanoramba kupora, ivo vanowanzotaurira ivo pachavo-vanotenda kusunungurwa uye kwete chechokwadi chechitendero chekuregererwa.
Pakati pezvitendero zvishomanana zvinopesana nemishonga zvinosanganisira:
- Machechi anovimba nokutenda kuporesa kusanganisira machechi maduku echiKristu anotenda mukutenda kuporesa pamusoro pekurapa, seChechi yeVokutanga Kuberekwa, End Time Ministries, Kutenda Kereke, Kutenda Tabhenakeri, First Century Gospel Church, nezvimwewo.
- Chekutanga Chechi yaKristu, Scientist-Christian Scientists vanotenda mukuporesa kuburikidza nemunyengetero uye kufunga kuti zvirwere hazvidiwi
Kunze kwe Mississippi neWest Virginia, nhengo dzemachechi aya nevamwe vanhu vane zvitendero zvinopesana nemajekiseni vanogona kudzikinurwa kubva kuchikoro chekuzvidzivirira.
Kunyange zvazvo kune zvishoma zvitendero zvinopesana zvachose nemishonga, mune mamwe mapoka akawanda mune dzimwe dzidziso dzinopikisa kuwana vana vavo uye ivo pachavo vachengetwa, iyo inobatsira kutsanangura zvimwe zvekubuda kwezvirwere zvinodzivirira zvinoratidzwa pamusoro apa.
Aya mamwe mapoka ezvitendero anosanganisira:
- Vamwe Amish
- Dzimwe kereke dzeDutch Reformed
- Vamwe veMuslim fundamentalists
Hakuchina zvachose kukanganisa zvirwere mukati mekutenda kwemitemo, kunyange zvakadaro. Kunyange pakati pemachechi eDutch Reformed, kune ssetseti rinotsanangura zvirwere "sechipo chinobva kuna Mwari chinoshandiswa nekutenda" uye zvirwere zvekudzivirira munzvimbo idzi dzave dziri kuwedzera.
Kune mapoka akawanda ezvitendero, maitiro avo anopesana nemishonga haasi nguva dzose nezvechitendero chero zvakadaro. Kune vamwe veMuslim, avo vanopikisa chirwere cheporiyo muAfghanistan, Nigeria, nePakistan vane zvakawanda zvine chokuita nehupfumi uye zvezvematongerwo enyika, pane zvidzidzo zvezvidzidzo. Vamwe vakatotenda kuti chirongwa chekudzivirira chirwere cheporiyo chaiva chigadziro chekupisa vaSiria munzvimbo iyi. Zvinosuruvarisa, aya ndiwo nyika umo chirwere cheporiyo chichiripo.
Kusunungurwa kwechitendero kunorwisana neMishonga Kutya Kutya
Kunyange zvazvo vakanyanyogadziriswa muchechi kana musangano rechitendero, kune vakawanda vanoita kuti vasada kuvharirwa vachipindirana nevanetseka pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwepemini inovadzisa kuchengetedza zvirwere-uye kwete dzidziso chaiyo yechitendero.
Apo vaJudha veHasidic orthodox vakanga vari pakati pekukura kukuru kwemasero kuNew York, somuenzaniso, mamwe mahedheni akawanda eHasidic muNew York akashongedzwa zvizere uye vamwe vakatoitawo mumiedzo yemakumbo uye hepatitis A zvirwere.
Saka panzvimbo yekuregererwa kwechokwadi kwechitendero, izvi zvinowanzova zvekusununguka pamunhu. Dambudziko guru nderekuti mapoka aya evanhu vasina kuvharwa vanobatana pamwe chete muchechi uye mamwe mabasa, zvichibatsira kupisa kukuru kwezvirwere zvinodzivirira zvirwere.
Izvi zvinoshamisa hazviwanzoitiki. Mukuwedzera kumapapiro emasero anotsanangurwa pamusoro apa, apo:
- Kwaive nekuputika kweRubella muEurope, umo 387 mhaka dze rubella dzakaitika munharaunda isina chitendero yevasingazivikanwi muNetherlands, iyo iyo vakadzi makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nevakadzi vakawana rubella pavakanga vane pamuviri vanenge vakadzi vatatu vakanga vane vana vane congenital rubella syndrome uye imwe pamuviri yakaguma mu intrauterine rufu
- Kwakave nekuwanda kweporiyo pakati pemunharaunda yeAmish, uye ichangobva kuitika muna 2005, kutapudza nhengo ina dzevanhu veAmish kuMinnesota
- Ive yakave yakawanda mamiriro ehutachiona hweHib, kusanganisira musha wemwedzi unomwe usina kusununguka wakafira muNigeria muna 2008 uye ane vana vatatu vasina kufanira kana vasina kufanira muPennsylvania avo vakafa muna 2009
Imwe dambudziko nderokuti mamwe emachechi aya anoita basa rekumishinari kune dzimwe nyika kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda dzezvirwere izvi zvinodzivirirwa zvirwere zvinogona kudzivirirwa. Mumwe mushandi asina kuvharwa angapinda mune imwe yenyika idzi, anobata maserosi kana pertussis, nezvimwewo, obva adzoka kumusha uye anokanganisa nhengo dzemhuri nevamwe vanhu vari mukereke yavo yekereke iyo inogonawo kurwisa mishonga, iyo inogona kunge isingatapukirwi, kana kuti ndiani vane kupesana kwezvokurapa kuti vawane chirwere.
Zvaunoda Kuziva Nechitendero uye Muchivharo
Chimwe chidzidzo chezvirwere-chinodzivirirwa zvirwere zvinoputika pakati pemapoka echitendero zvakawana kuti "apo kereke yaiva iyo yakawirirana pakati pezviitiko, pakanga pasina mazano akajeka pamusoro pokudzivirira kubva kuchechi kusati kwatanga kupera.Asi panzvimbo iyo, kurambwa kwezvirwere kwakanzi kunosanganiswa kwechitendero chako pachako zvitendero uye zvinetso zvekuchengeteka pakati peboka rechechi. "
Zvizhinji zvezvitendero hazvipi mazano akangwara panyaya yekudzivirira. Pane kudaro, zvitendero zvizhinji zvine nzvimbo dzakachena pakutsigira chirwere chinosanganisira:
- Makatorike- Kana vamwe vanhu vachiri kudavira kuti maKaturike anorwisana nemamwe mishonga, Chechi yeKaturike inonyatsopindira. Kunyange pamakemikari anovhiringidzirwa nevabereki, kunyanya avo vane hepatitis A, rubella, uye varicella, iyo yakakonzerwa mumasero ayo akambotorwa kubva kubhechi dzisina kubviswa, Chechi inodzidzisa kuti "kana pasina kuchengeteka, kune dzimwe nzira dzakagadzikana dzezvirwere zviriko, zvinotenderwa kushandisa zvirwere izvi kana ngozi kune utano hwevana huripo kana kune hutano hwehuwandu hwevanhu vose. "
- Zvapupu zvaJehovha-Kunyange zvazvo Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvaimbopikisa zvirwere, zvakamborambidzwa muboka racho, muna 1952 vakataura kuti kupora "hakuratidzi kwatiri kuputsa sungano isingaperi yakaitwa naNowa, sezvinoratidzwa muna Genesi 9: 4, kana kupesana nemirairo yaMwari yakabatana pana Revhitiko 17: 10-14. "
- VaJudha -Confusion ichiripo pakati pevamwe vanhu pamusoro pekuti sezvo mamwe mishonga ine zvikamu ne porcine (yenguruve) uye gelatin zvikamu, saka zvinofanira kunge zvisiri pamutemo wezvokudya zvechiJudha kuti nhengo dzadzo dzipembere. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwezvirwere "kunotongwa zvichienderana nemafungiro emutemo wezvokurapa uri mumagodhi e-halachic" uye naizvozvo anokurudzirwa.
- VaMuslim- Kunze kwekuti nzvimbo iyo poliyo ichiripo, imam dzinoverengeka nevamwe vatungamiri vechiIslam vakabudisa zvinyorwa zvakajeka uye mafuta ari kutsanangura kuti majekesheni anowirirana sei nemitemo yeIslam.
- MaHindu- Hapana chimwe chemazana makuru makuru echiHindu anopesana nemishonga uye nyika dzakawanda dzechiHindu, kusanganisira Nepal neIndia, dzine zvirwere zvepamusoro.
Kunyange zvazvo dzakawanda zvekubuda kwezvirwere-zvinodzivirirwa zvirwere zvichiitika pakati pemapoka echitendero, mashomanana zvitendero zvechokwadi anopikisa zvirwere. Pane kudaro, vazhinji vanokurudzira nhengo dzavo kuti vachengetwe uye vadzivirire kuipa kwezvirwere zvinodzivirirwa.
Sources:
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Mutemo muHuzhinji hweHutano Practice. Huchivha Mishonga: The Public Health Imperative uye Nevamwe Kodzero.
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Salmoni DA.Humambo hwehupfumi hwemachechi uye efilosofi kubva pamitemo yekudzivirira: munhu oga uye njodzi dzevanhu munharaunda yejinga. JAMA 1999; 281 (2): 47-53.