Kuberekwa kwevechiri kuyaruka kwave kuchingoerekana kuchiwira kwemazana, asi ichiri chikafu chepamusoro chekuita pamuviri wechidiki mumatunhu akabudirira. Inenge makumi masere nemashanu kubva muzana yezviviri izvi hazvifananidzi, izvo mune chero vanhu vanogona kuwedzera mungozi wezvinetso. Dambudziko guru revana vechidiki ndivo vanonoka kutarisira kutarisirwa kana kutonyanya kuipa, zvinenge zvinomwe kubva muzana zvisingatarisirwi zvachose.
The Rates of Teen Pregnancy
Pakanga paine pasi pezvitatu zvemamiriyoni ekuzvitakura kune vakadzi vane makore gumi nemashanu kusvika gumi nemapfumbamwe muna 2014, gore razvino rave tine deta. Iyi ndiyo yakaderera pasi uye donho repfumbamwe kubva muna 2013. Ichi chiratidzo chakakosha.
Zvinetso Nekuyaruka Kwemwana
Chimwe chezvikonzero zvakawanda zvekuti kutakura pamuviri haisi pfungwa yakanaka ndeye nyaya dzinomuka, kusanganisira kusarudzwa kwepamusoro kwekusarudzwa kwepabonde. Chikonzero chekushayikwa kwekutarisirwa kwepabonde kakawanda kunonoka kutora pamuviri kuongororwa, kuramba kana kutya kuudza vamwe nezvekudzivirira. Vazhinji vehurumende vane dhipatimendi rehutano kana kliniki yeyunivhesiti uko kutarisirwa kusununguka kusununguka kana kuderera pasi uye kuchengetedzwa kwehutano kunokosha zvikuru, kureva kuti hakuna munhu anogona kutaurira mhuri yevechiri kuyaruka.
Nokuti muviri wevechiri kuyaruka uchiri kukura iye achada ruzivo rwakawanda rwekudya kuti asangane zvose zvaanoda uye zvemwana wake. Kupa mazano kwekudya kunogona kuva chikamu chakakura chekuchengetedza pamuviri, kazhinji kunoitwa nachiremba kana kuti muchecheti, dzimwe nguva chikafu chekudya.
Izvi zvinowanzobatanidza ruzivo pamusoro pemavitamini ekuberekwa , folic acid, uye iyo uye hazvifaniri kudya uye kunwa. Kusava nechikafu chakakodzera kunogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko akaita seanemia (pasi shoma) , kuderera kwekurema, nezvimwewo.
Imwe dambudziko rinotarisana navanaamai vari kuyaruka ndiko kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka uye doro, kusanganisira kusvuta fodya.
Hapana huwandu hwehumwe hwezvinhu izvi hwakachengeteka kuti hushandise mukudzivirira. Kutaura zvazviri, kushandiswa kwavo kunogona kukonzera kubata pamuviri kunyange kuchiwedzera kuvepo kwekuberekwa kusati kwaitika uye mamwe matambudziko.
Kuberekwa kusati kwatanga uye kuberekwa kunorema kuunza hupfumi hwezvinetso zvavo, kusanganisira kuora kwehupi, hurema hwepanyama nezvimwe. Izvo zvinogona kugara kwenguva refu muchipatara uye kuwedzerwa kwengozi yehutano hwevana ava vanowanzoita kuti vawedzere kudzvinyirira paamai vechidiki.
Paunenge uchitarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu akaipa ekutakura pamuviri hausi kufadza, uyu hausi mufananidzo unofanirwa kuvezwa. Vanaamai vechidiki vakakwanisa kwazvo kuva nepamuviri hwakanaka uye mwana ane utano. Nezvokudya zvakakodzera, kutanga kutarisirwa kwepabonde uye kutarisisa kwakanaka kwezvinetso zvingangodaro huwandu hwezvinetso izvi zvingangozoitika. Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vachida kufunga kuti haukwanise kudzidzisa amai vechiri kuyaruka chii pamusoro pemuviri wake kana mwana, ichokwadi chisingadikanwi. Vakawanda vevana vanoyaruka vanoita basa rinoitwa mukutarisira kwavo vanoenderera mberi kuva nevana vakanaka, pasinei nezvimwe zvinetso zvavanotarisana nazvo muupenyu hwavo. Kutsigirwa kubva kumhuri uye mharaunda inofanirwa kune vechidiki, mhuri itsva kuti ibudirire.
Vechidiki vazhinji vanonetseka pamusoro pezvinotaurirwa nemhuri dzavo pavanoona kuti vane pamuviri.
Saka vanodzivisa kuudza vabereki vavo kana mumwe munhu angave akakwanisa kuvabatsira kuwana rubatsiro. Izvi zvinonoka kutarisira kwavo kutarisirwa, zvichiita kuti pamuviri uwedzere ngozi kune ivo nevana vavo.
Zvinetso zveMucheche uye Kubereka Vanaamai Vechidiki
Kune zvirongwa zvizhinji munzvimbo yekubatsira vabereki vari kuyaruka kudzidza ruzivo rwekurera vana, kupedzisa dzidzo yavo, kunyanya chikoro chesekondari, uye kuwana basa rinobatsira kana kuwedzera kudzidziswa uye dzidzo pamwe nepfungwa yekuwana basa rakanaka. Ichokwadi chiri mubereki ari kuyaruka anoda ruzivo rwezvekusimbisa uye pamwe nguva yekupedzisa mabasa aya. Kuva nekuchengetwa kwakanaka kwevana kunopa simba mubereki wechidiki pane kumanikidzira mwana wechidiki kuti azvidzore kumunhu anobhadharwa anobatsira ndiye anofanira.
Kunenge hafu yevakadzi vanova nepamuviri vachipedzisa dzidzo yepamusoro yekusekondari nenguva iyo ivo vane makumi maviri nemaviri, vachienzanisa neanenge makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana yevakadzi vari muzera iro risingaendi.
Panewo kunetseka kuti mushure memubereki mumwe, imwe inogona kutevera. Kurukura pamuviri wevechidiki kungakosha zvikuru, kunyanya maererano nekutora pamuviri kunotevera. Izvozvo zvakati, kuzaruka uye kubvuma kwevechiri kuyaruka vanotaura newe pane chinhu chakakosha iwe unogona kuita.
Sources:
> Hamilton BE, Martin JA, Osterman MJK, et al. Kuberekwa: data yekupedzisira yegore ra2014. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2015; 64 (12): 1-64.
Kost K naHenshaw S, US Teenage Pregnancies, Kuberekwa uye Kubvisa pamuviri, 2010: State Trends nemazera, Race, uye Ethnicity, 2010, https://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/USTPtrends10.pdf
Kubata pamuviri. March weDhimes. November 2009.