Zvakajairika kuti vana vose vasave vakasvibiswa dzimwe nguva. Asi vana vanopesana nehutano husina kunaka vanosvibisa nguva dzose.
ODD chirwere chekuita chinotangira mwana asati asvika makore gumi nemana uye anopfuurira kuburikidza nemakore ekuyaruka. Nokupindira kwekutanga nekurapa, zviratidzo zvinogona kuvandudza.
Zviratidzo zveODD
Apo vana vane ODD, zvinetso zvavo zvetsika zvinovhiringidza upenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva.
Vangangove vane dzidzo dzekudzidzisa. Vanogona kuwira kumashure kumashure nokuti vanodzingwa kubva kuchikoro nekuda kwekusaita unhu kana kuti vangave vachikundikana makirasi avo nekuda kwekuramba kwavo kuita basa.
Vana vane ODD vanowanzova nekutambudzika nehukama hwavo. Vangatamburira kuchengetedza ushamwari nekuda kwekuoma kwavo kwehutano hwavo. Nzira yavo inogona kutorawo mari yakawanda pahukama hwavo nehanzvadzi nemamwe mhuri.
Kuti zvikwanire kuongororwa kweODD, vana vanofanira kuratidza zviratidzo kwemwedzi mitanhatu. Kusava nemafungiro kunofanirwa kuve kusingagumi, uye pamusoro uye kupfuura izvo zvinoonekwa sekuvandudzwa zvakakodzera.
Heano zviratidzo zveODD:
- Kuramba uchida kutsamwa
- Kuramba kutevera mitemo
- Kubvunzurudza vane simba kakawanda
- Kunyanya kukakavadzana nevanhu vakuru
- Kuramba uye kutsamwa kukuru kunotyisa
- Kuzvipira kuedza kuvhiringidza vamwe
- Unhu hutsinye
- Kunyengera kune vamwe
- Anokanganisa vamwe nekuda kwezvikanganiso
Zvinokonzera ODD
Hapana chimwe chikonzero chinozivikanwa cheODD, asi pane mazano akasiyana-siyana. Nhaurirano inokurudzira inoratidza kuti vana vanokura ODD apo vanorwisana kuti vave nekuzvidzivirira munguva yemakore vaduku. Somugumisiro, vanoramba vachiratidza mafungiro asina kunaka mumakore ose ehuduku hwavo.
Maererano neThe Learning Theory, ODD inomiririra maitiro akadzidza anosimbiswa nevanhu vakuru. Semuenzaniso, mwana anogamuchira kufunga kwekusaita unhu angave ane chido chekuramba achinyengera.
Dzidzo dzinofungidzira pakati pe1 ne16% yevana vechechi yechikoro vanogona kunge vane ODD. Zvinowanzoonekwa kune vakomana kupfuura vasikana. Dzimwe nguva ODD inoitika pamwe chete nemamwe matambudziko ehutano kana hutano hwepfungwa, saAdHD , kushushikana, nekuzvidya mwoyo.
Kuziva uye Kurapa kweODD
Kana iwe unonetseka zvakanyanya nehutano hwemwana wako, kana vadzidzisi vakaratidza kushushikana, taura nechiremba wemwana wako. Kana zvakakodzera, mwana wevana vako vanogona kutumira mwana wako kune unyanzvi hwehutano hwepfungwa.
Mumwe chiremba kana unyanzvi hwehutano hwepfungwa achaitisa kuongorora kwakakwana kwomwana wako. Kukurukurirana, mibvunzo, uye kutarisa kwomwana wako zvinogona kushandiswa kuongorora mwana wako.
Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokurapa dzinowanika kuODD. Nyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa ichagadzirisa marapirwo ayo angangodaro anoshanda zvakanyanya kubva pane zvinodiwa nemwana wako. Mishonga yakajairika inosanganisira:
- Kurapa mumwe nomumwe - Zvichienderana nezera remwana uye zvinoda kurapwa, chirwere chimwe nechimwe chinogona kugadzirisa dambudziko rekuora mwoyo kana kufunganya. Kudzidzisa unyanzvi kunowanzoshandiswa kudzidzisa mwana kutsamwa kwekutsamwa , unyanzvi hwekugadzirisa zvinetso , nekugadzirisa kushanda .
- Kudzidzisa kwevabereki - Maitiro ekuchinja maitiro anogona kuva nzira dzinobatsira dzekudzikisa matambudziko ehutano. Dzimwe nguva chiremba achasangana nevanochengetedza vari voga kuti vadzidzise maitiro chaiwo ekuberekera vana anogona kuderedza kusava nemafungiro.
- Mhuri yekurapa - Mishonga yemhuri inogona kugadziriswa, zvichienderana nezera remwana uye zvinodiwa nemhuri. Kurapa kwemhuri kunogona kusanganisira nhanho-vabereki, vanin'ina, kana kusanganiswa kwemhuri.
- Girai therapy - Vana vane ODdi kazhinji havana ruzivo rwemagariro evanhu. Girai kurapwa kunogona kuva nzira inobatsira kuti vazive nzira yekukurukura nevezera ravo nenzira yakanyatsokodzera.
- Mishonga yekugadzirisa - Hapana mishonga inogadzirisa zvinetso zvetsika. Asi vana vanogona kubatsirwa nemishonga yekubatana nenyaya dzakashata dzakadai seAdHD kana kuora mwoyo kunogona kukonzera matambudziko ehutano.
Kubereka Mwana NeODD
Kurera mwana neODD kunogona kuvhiringidza uye kunopisa dzimwe nguva. Saka zvakakosha kuona ruvimbo iwe pachako. Funga kuenda kune rimwe boka rekutsigira nevamwe vabereki vane vana vane ODD.
Kubatana nevamwe vabereki kunogona kupa rubatsiro rwemweya pamwe chete nezvimwe zvinobatsira. Iwe unogona kudzidza maitiro uye zvimwe zvinhu vamwe vabereki vakawana zvakanyanya kubatsira.
Mwana ane ODD angada zvirongwa zvakakosha kuchikoro kuti atarisire maitiro ake. Taura nevakuru vakuru vekuchikoro pamusoro pezvaunogona kuita kuitira kuti ugone kubatsira zvakanyanya dzidzo yemwana wako.
> Sources
> Kuongorora uye nhamba yehuwandu hwehutano hwepfungwa: DSM-5 . Washington, London: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
> Jahangard L, Akbarian S, Haghighi M, et al. Vana vane ADHD uye zviratidzo zvekupikisa kusagadzikana kwepfungwa zvakagadziriswa mukuzvibata kana zvichibatwa ne methylphenidate uye adjuvant risperidone, kunyange zvazvo kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwakaonekwa zvakare - Zvitsva zvinobva kune rimwe randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled controlled clinical trial. Psychiatry Research . 2017; 251: 182-191. A