Dyslexia inowanikwa sei? Ndeapi miedzo inodiwa uye chii chaunofanira kuziva kuitira kuti mwana wako akwanise kuwana ruzivo rwedzidzo?
Overview
Dyslexia ndeimwe yemhando dzakawanda dzezvinetso zvekuverenga. Izwi rakapararira, kudzidzira kudzidzira mukuverenga , kunosanganisira Dyslexia nedzimwe dambudziko rekuverenga. Zvinokwanisika kuti mudzidzi ave nezviratidzo zveDyslexia izvo zvinonetsa asi kwete kudzivisa-kana kuti kuva nezviratidzo zvinoita kuti kuverenga nekunyora zvisingabviri.
Zviratidzo
Zviratidzo zveDyslexia zvakasiyana uye zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kuona tsamba shure
- Kuona mazwi netsamba achikwira-famba pazheji
- Kusagona kusiyanisa tsamba dzakafanana kubva kune mumwe (d kubva b, somuenzaniso)
- Kusakwanisa kubatanidza tsamba dzakanyorerwa kana tsamba inosanganiswa nemisungo yavo inobatanidza
- Kuva akakwanisa kuverenga mazwi asi asingakwanisi kunzwisisa pfungwa sezvazviri kuverengwa
Dysgraphia
Chirwere chakafanana, dysgraphia , chinosanganisira kusakwanisa kunyora mazwi, kusakwanisa kunzwisisa ukama huri pakati pemashoko akanyorwa uye tsamba dzakanyorwa, kana tsika yekunyora tsamba zvisina kururama. Vanhu vane dysgraphia vanogona kana kuti vangave vasiri dyslexic. Kune mhando mitatu ye dysgraphia: Dyslexic dysgraphia, motokari dysgraphia, uye nzvimbo dysgraphia. NeDyslexic dysgraphia, zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvisingabvumirwi asi kushandiswa kwemashoko kunowanzoitika.
Kuziva
Dyslexia inoonekwa kuti inoshandisa sarudzo yakakwana yakawanda.
Izvi zvinosanganisira:
Kuongorora kweunyanzvi: Kuongorora kweunyanzvi chiratidzo chakakosha chinopa ruzivo rwese rwekudzidza runogona kubatsira kusiyanisa Dyslexia kubva kune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu.
Kuongorora kwezvidzidzo: Kubudirira kunobudirira miedzo ndeyeimwe nzira inokosha yekupfuurira kuratidza kudzidza kwevana vako.
Kutaura uye kutarisa mutauro: Pane zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekutaura uye mutauro izvo zvinoongororwa mukuongororwa kweDyslexia. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Unyanzvi hwemutauro
- Shoko rinozivikanwa
- Decoding
- Kunyora
- Fluency
- Mashoko echivo
- Kuverenga nzwisiso
- Phonologic processing kana kududzirwa kwe "inzwi" mumutauro
Zvakakonzera kujekesa ruzivo mukuita kuti kuongororwa kunosanganisira:
- Mhemberero dzomwana anoshanda nemutauro
- Inobva kuvadzidzisi
- Inobva kuvabereki
- Kuongorora kwebasa rechikoro
- Kubudirira kwenhau , kunyanya kuongororwa kwekukurumidza kunonoka
- Nhoroondo yehupfumi inosanganisira kurarama, vabereki, vanin'ina, nezvimwe zvinhu.
Penguva yekuongororwa, vataridzi vanotarisa uchapupu hwechirwere uye vanotonga zvimwe zvinhu zvingave zvichiita zvinetso zvekuverenga uye mutauro wemudzidzi. Zvikonzero zvekutonga kunze zvinosanganisira:
- Kusina murayiridzo
- Kusapinda kwechikonzero chero chipi zvacho chakadai sekurwara kana nekuda kwechikoro chechikoro
- Zvemagariro uye zvehupfumi zvikonzero
- Zvinetso zvepanyama zvakadai sokunzwa kunetseka kana kuoma kwakaoma.
Vana Vane Dyslexia Vanofanirwa Sei Nezvinhu Zvinodiwa Zvekudiwa?
Kuti asangane nehurumende mazano ekuti awane ruzivo rwedzidzo yepamusoro, mudzidzi ane Dyslexia anofanira kusangana nekugadziriswa zvido zvichienderana nemirayiridzo yakatarwa nedhipatimendi rehurumende yehutano.
Kukodzera kunogona kugadziriswa kubva kune imwe yenzira dzinotevera:
The Aptitude / Achievement Discrepancy Method
Uyu unyanzvi / kubudirira kunyanzvi nzira inoda mudzidzi kuti aite zvose zvinotevera zvinogadziriswa kuti aone kukodzera:
- Chiyero chepfungwa chepfungwa muvheji yepamusoro kana kupfuura
- Zvikamu pakuverenga uye / kana kunyorwa mumitauro yakawanda iyo iri pasi pekunzwisisa kwavo zvikoro zvekuchenjera
- Hapana zvimwe zvinokonzera kukanganisa chikoro chimwe chinhu
Mhinduro yeKupindira Method
Mhinduro yekupindira inzira yekutsanangurira hutachiona uye yakatangwa muna 2004 Kubvumidzwazve kweVanhu vane Disability Education Act (IDEA).
Kuti uone kana nzira iyi iri kushandiswa nehurumende yako, taura nehofisi yedhipatimendi rehurumende yehukoro yezvirongwa zvekudzidzisa. Matanho chaiwo anodiwa neyo nzira ingasiyana kubva kune imwe nyika kuenda kune imwe nyika, asi inonyanya, inosanganisira matanho matatu ekupindira nekuzivikanwa:
Nhamba I: Mudzidzi anotsanangurwa nemirairo yakafanira mukuverenga nekunyora. Kana akaramba achiwana dambudziko, anoenda kune imwe nzira inotevera yekupindira.
Nhamba II: Mudzidzi anogamuchira kupindira zvakasiyana. Kana akaramba achiomerwa, anofambira mberi kusvika kune imwe nzira inotevera yekupindira.
Nhamba III: Iyi nhamba yaiwanzo kutanga kuiswa mune imwe purogiramu chaiyo yezvidzidzo.
Mhinduro iyo nzira yekupindira yakagadzirirwa kunyanya kubatsira vana vari kuwira kuburikidza nekuputsika-avo vasina matambudziko ekudzidza asi vasina kukwana zvakakwana kuti vakwanise kuwana dzidzo yepamusoro.
Kuratidza Mwana Wako Kuedzwa
Kana iwe uchidavira kuti mwana wako angave ari kurarama neDyslexia, danho rinotevera riri kuwana kutumirwa kuongororwa .
Sources:
Lyytinen, H., Erskine, J., Hamalainen, J., Torppa, M., naMon Ronimus. Dyslexia-Kutanga Kuziva nekudzivirira: Pfungwa huru kubva kuJyväskylä Longitudinal Kudzidza kweDyslexia. Nhoroondo dzekuvandudza dambudziko rezvino . 2015. 2 (4): 330-338.