Muchikamu chechipiri, vanachiremba vanowanzoita zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotarisa zvingaonekwa kuti zvinogona kuona mhando dzakasiyana dzakasiyana-siyana dzechromosomal uye congenital mumamiriro ekuberekwa. Mamiriro ezvinhu ari kuongororwa anogona kusiyana zvakanyanya mukufungidzira kwavo. Vana vane mimwe yemamiriro ezvinhu aya, akadai seA Down syndrome uye anononoka kuenzanisa neural tube zvikanganiso , vanogona kuberekwa vari vapenyu uye vachirarama hupenyu hwemazuva ese-kunyange zvazvo vangave vane hutano hwakanaka, hwemuviri, kana hwekuziva.
Mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu akaonekwa pakuonekwa kwepabonde asati aberekwa angave anouraya kana kutakura kurasika kwakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, hafu yevana vanoberekwa vane aneningfaly havazopona kuberekwa uye imwe hafu inopera maawa kana mazuva. Chiitiko chromosomal chakadai se trisomy 13 kana trisomy 18 chinogona kukonzera mwana ane upenyu hupfupi; 90 muzana yevana vane chimwe chezviitiko izvi havangararami gore rinopfuura rimwe chete uye vanowanzotambura nezvinetso zveutano uye kupindira mune zvezvehutano muupenyu hwavo hwose.
Kuratidzwa Kwemagariro Kurambidzwa
Kana kuongorora kwepabonde uye zvirwere zvinotevera zvinongororwa zvinodzorera kugadziriswa kwechimiro chechimiro chisina kunaka, vabereki vangatarisana nechisarudzo chekuenderera mberi nepamuviri. Kubviswa kwepamuviri pasi pemitemo iyi dzimwe nguva kunonzi mishonga yakagadzirwa kana kuti inoratidzirwa kuratidzira kuguma. Vabereki vanogonawo kuguma vachifunga nezvekuregererwa kwemishonga kana kusununguka kusingaoneki kana zvimwe zvinetso zvehutano zvinokonzera ngozi kune hupenyu hwemai kana akaenderera mberi nepamuviri.
Kana vabereki vakasarudza kubvisa pamuviri nekuda kwehutano hwakanyanya mucheche, kurapwa kwechirwere kunowanzoita chibereko chechipiri-chetatu kana "nguva yekupedzisira-kubvisa pamuviri-uye inonyanya kusarudzwa nokuti vabereki vanogona kusarudza kana kurega zvisikwa zvichitora nzira kana kuti kugumisa kubata.
Sezvo zvichipesana nekugumisa kusarudzwa kwevakawanda, zvakadaro, vazhinji vacheche vakaroora mushure mokunge vane pamuviri nekuda kwechiremba vaida zvikuru uye vabereki vangashungurudza zvikuru kurasikirwa kwomwana.
Zvematongerwe Enyika uye Manzwiro
Kuberekwa kubviswa kwemhando ipi neipi kunowanzova kupesana uye kukanganisika kwepfungwa, zvose pachavo uye zvematongerwe enyika. Vanhu vane mafirosofi kana zvechitendero vanopesana nokubvisa pamuviri vanogona kuona kubvisa pamuviri sekusaita-pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu. Makambani emhirizhonga dzimwe nguva anopikisa zvakanyanya kunyange kunyanya kushandiswa kwemishonga, uye nzvimbo dzakawanda dzepaIndaneti dzinoita nyaya yokuti mwana wese aifanira kuiswa panguva. Vanhu vane chirevo chekuita sarudzo havawanzovhiringidzi kurapwa kwemishonga.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu apo chirwere chinorwara chisingaiti chinouraya, vamwe vanopikisa kubvisa pamuviri mushure mokunge vatariswa vasati vazvarwa vanotya kuti vabereki vangasawana ruzivo rwakakwana. Migumisiro yakagadziriswa pamusoro pemakore emamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, akadai seA Down syndrome, uye vanotya kuti vabereki vanogona kugamuchira maonero asina kunaka uye asina kunaka pamusoro pezvakangoita kumutsa mwana ane uremara hwenyama kana kukura.
Kunze kwechirevo chezvematongerwe enyika, uye zvakakosha zvikuru mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, ndiko kunzwa kwevabereki.
Panzvimbo pokuva madema uye machena (semafungiro ezvematongerwe enyika anowanzova), manzwiro evabereki anowanzowira pane imwe nzvimbo pamusana. Vamwe havakwanisi kunzwisisa pfungwa yekuve nekubvisa pamuviri kwekupedzisira-kunyange mushure mekutsvaga kwekufa kwevakaremara, apo vamwe vanorwisana nepfungwa asi pakupedzisira vanosarudza kubviswa, uye zvakadaro, vamwe havasi kurwisana nechisarudzo kunyange vachichema kurasikirwa kwomwana. Muzviitiko zvose, iri chisarudzo chakaoma zvikuru kuvabereki kuti vaite uye kazhinji chinowirirana nekusuwa kukuru uye kusuruvara.
Kusarudza Mukuratidza Kurapa Kubvisa Mimba
Vabereki pavanosarudza kupedza zvikonzero zvechiremba, chisarudzo chingave nezvimwe zvinhu.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kufanana, vabereki vanogona kunzwa sokuti varwara vakagadzirirwa kutarisira mwana nemararamiro anodiwa muupenyu. Dzimwe nguva chisarudzo chekugumisa chinosanganisira kunetseka kwekutambura kwemwana. Somuenzaniso, mune mamiriro ezvinhu akaita se trisomy 18 iyo inosanganisira zvinetso zveutano zvinogona kunge zvakanyanya pamwe chete nekurarama kwenguva shomanana, vabereki vangada kudzivisa mwana kuburikidza nekurwadziwa kusingakosha kana pasina tariro yezvakanaka. Vabereki ava vanogona kunzwa sokuti kuregererwa ndiko kuipa kwezvinhu zviviri.
Kupedza zviratidzo zvekurapa kunogona kusanganisira kunetseka kwehutano hwemamai pamwe chete. Apo paunowana nhau dzehutano hunoparadza, vanaamai vangasadi kutarisana nemwedzi yakawanda yekuzvitakura chete kuona vana vavo vanoda-kufa vachifira muchipatara. Ava amai vanogona kuvhara chimiro chemuviri kuitira kuti vatange kushungurudzika uye kuporesa munzira iyo yakanakisisa ivo nemhuri dzavo.
Pakupedzisira, mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu angasanganisira ngozi yakawanda kuhupenyu hwemamai, zvakadai sechinhu chisingawanzoiti chepamuviri twembudzi inosanganisira fetus yemusasa uye imwe hydatidiform mole (umo amai vanotarisana nematambudziko 60 ezana ekutura chirwere chegestational trophoblastic chirwere pakupedzisira kubva pamuviri kana achizoenderera mberi). Mune zviitiko izvi, hupenyu hwemamai uye hutano hunogona kudzivirirwa nekuregera-kunyange kana mwana aida chaizvo.
Kusarudza Kurwisana Nemuviri Kunoratidzwa Kubvisa Mimba
Kuti uongorore zvirwere zvisina kufanira, zvakadai seA Down syndrome, vabereki vangasarudza kuti vakagadzirira uye vanoda kugamuchira mwana ane zvinodiwa zvakakosha. Uye mumamiriro ezvinhu kunyange nehuwandu hwakanyanya hurombo hwemwana kana amai, vamwe vabereki vangasarudza kurwisana nekuda kwekutenda kwechitendero kana kudzika kwemafirosofi kubvisa pamuviri.
Kunyange zvakadaro, vamwe vabereki vanogona kunzwa kunyaradzwa mukubvumira kuti zvisikwa zviitwe uye pakuva nemukana wokubata mwana asati apfuura, zvichida asingakwanisi kutakura pfungwa yekugumisa hupenyu hwechecheche.
Vabereki vashomanana vanogona kuramba vachiita pamuviri nekuda kwetariro shomanana yekuziva kuti chirwere chacho chakakanganisika uye kuti zvinhu zvose zvichava zvakanaka. (Zvikanganiso zvekutsvaga zvirwere hazviwanzoitiki kune mamiriro ezvinhu angasimudza mubvunzo wekugadzirisa kwekurapa kwemishonga; tsvakurudzo dzechromosomal dzakawanikwa kuburikidza neamniocentesis , somuenzaniso, dzine 100 muzana kunyatsoratidzikisa kukanganisa kwechiitiko chebasa racho.)
Chigadziro Choga Chega uye Choga
Chisarudzo chekuita kana kusapedza kuberekwa kunokanganisa nehutano hwehutano hwakanyanya huri hwevanhu. Vamwe vabereki vanotora nzvimbo yepakati, vachida kugumisa kana mamiriro acho ezvinhu angave akauraya pakuberekwa kana nguva pfupi pashure pacho, asi akasarudza kuramba achiita pamuviri apo mwana anotarisirwa kuva nemuviri kana kuti kubudirira asiwo kutarisira upenyu hunotarisirwa.
Dzimwe nyika dzine mitemo mumabhuku anogona kuita kuti kuguma kuoma kana mamiriro acho asingatyisidzi hupenyu hwemai, apo mudzimai angamanikidzwa kufamba rwendo rurefu kuti aite chirongwa kana kuti aenderere mberi nepamuviri.
Kupedzisira kwechipiri-trimester kwezvikonzero zvekurapa kunowanzobatanidza D & E (kuwedzera uye kubuda) kana kuti D & X (kuwedzera uye kuwedzera) nzira-kazhinji nejojo kusati yambomira kuora mwoyo kwomwana. Nzira yeD & X, iyo inoshandiswa kune dzimwe dzekugumisa uku, inonyanya kukakavara. Vatongi vezvematongerwo enyika vakatarisa nzira iyi, dzimwe nguva inonzi "kubvisa pamuviri zvishoma-zvisina kufanira" nemashoko ekuchengetedza, mumakore achangopfuura uye ramangwana remuitiro wacho unoramba usinganzwisisiki.
> Sources
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- > Kupedza Kuberekwa Kwemucheche Kusakosha. Royal College yeZvipatara uye Gynecologists : 29-31. May 2010.
- > National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, "Anencephaly Information Page." 13 Nov 2007. Yakasvika 7 Feb 2008.
- > University of Virginia Health System, "Trisomy 18 ne13." Medical Medical . 28 Jan 2008. Yakasvika 3 Feb 2008.
> Wertz, DC "Vabereki vanovhiringidza vana vanoona kubvisa pamuviri." Matambudziko Mukuberekesa Technology I: An Anthology Garland Publishing, 1992. New York. Yakasvika 7 Feb 2008.