Utachiona hweViral uye Bhakiteriya uye Basa Raro Mukurara Kuberekwa
Kune mhando dzakawanda dzehutachiona hunogona kukonzera ngozi yakawanda yekuparara, kuberekwa, kana kufa kwevana. Haasi mukadzi wese anowana mumwe wezvipembenene izvi achave nekurasikirwa pamuviri. Zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti zvirwere izvi hazvisi izvo zvinokonzera kukanganisa pamuviri - chromosomal zvisiri izvo ndiyo nhamba imwe yezvikonzero. Urongwa uhwu hahwupi hutachiona hwehutachiona hunogona kuitika panguva yekuzvitakura, asi hunobata pane zvimwe zvakanyanya, uye izvo vakadzi vanowanzova nehanya nazvo.
Zvirwere zvepabonde
Bacterial Vaginosis
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) kukura kwakanyanya kwechirwere chepachikadzi chechikadzi. BV haisi chirwere chepabonde, asi sevakadzi vekudzivirira, vakadzi vakawanda vanocherechedza hune "fishy" hwekunhu hweBV mushure mekuita zvepabonde. Zvisinei, pane dzimwe nguva hapana hunoona hunhu uye kazhinji hahudi kuti kurapwa kune vakadzi vasiri vasikana. Mune pamuviri, zvisinei, BV yakabatanidzwa nehuwandu hwehutachiwana hwechipiri-trimester. Gare gare pakuberekwa, BV inogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kwezvibereko zveuterine. Inoshandiswa nyore nyore nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye haina mishonga inogara kwenguva refu yehutano.
Zvimwe
Chlamydia
Chlamydia ndiyo chirwere chepabonde, uye inogona kutungamirira kumaperembudzi ekuputira (PID). PID iyi inozivikanwa chikonzero che ectopic pregnancy uye infertility. Ectopic pamuviri isinganzwisisiki uye inoda kuvhiyiwa kuitira kudzivirira zvinetso zvakakomba kuna amai, kusanganisira pangozi yekufa. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti chlamydia zvakare inogona kuita kuti pave nepamuviri mudumbu rekutanga. Kufanana nehutachiona hwose, chlamydia inorapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Makondomu anogona kukudzivirira pakusangana neChlamydia.
Zvimwe
Gonorrhea
Kunyange zvazvo pasina humwe uchapupu hunogutsa hwokuti gonorrhea inokonzera kurasikirwa kwekuita pamuviri, zvidzidzo zvakati wandei zvakabatanidza chirwere chepabonde chinopararira nekupererwa kwepabonde, kutanga kwebasa, uye ectopic pamuviri (kana ichinge isina kuenda kwenguva yakareba yakakonzera kukonzera PID). Gonorrhea utachiona panguva yekuzvarwa kunogona kukonzera zvinetso zvehutano hwehutano hwemwana. Iwe unogona kuzvidzivirira paGonorrhea uchishandisa makondomu panguva yepabonde. Kana iwe uchitova nazvo, gonorrhea inogona kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Munguva yakapfuura, hutachiona hweHIV hwakanga huchifungidzirwa kuti hunyanya kuwedzera njodzi yekuparara. Kubva kuongororwa kwemaitiro evakadzi vane pamuviri uye kunyatsoshanda kurapwa kwemishonga, zvisinei, vakadzi veHIV + vanowanzogona kuva nehutano, nguva yakazara mwana. Hakuchina mushonga weHIV, asi kune hutano hwakanaka huripo hwekutarisa utachiona. Kupararira kweHIV kunogona kudziviswa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwekondomu uye dzimwe nzira dzepabonde dzakachengeteka.
Herpes (HSV)
Herpes, imwe hutachiona hwepabonde, hutachiona hwehutachiona husingawaniki hunogona kukonzera maronda anorwadza pamakumbo kana mumuromo. Imwe tsvakurudzo yakawana kuwirirana pakati pekuchembera kwepachiviriro uye kusapindira kwehutachiona hwemaperembudzi, asi kusvika ikozvino hapana chikonzero chakasimbiswa. Iko hakuratiki kuti kune ngozi yakawanda yekuita pamuviri kurasikirwa neHSV. Pane njodzi yekuwana fetus inobata HSV panguva yekuzvarwa, zvisinei, saka mishonga inogona kupiwa mumavhiki ekutanga kusvika pakuzvarwa. Kana mukadzi aine heperesiti yehupenzi panguva yebasa, vanachiremba vanokurudzira c-chikamu chekutumira.
Syphilis
Syphilis chirwere chepabonde chinogona kutapurirwa nyore nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Nemhaka yokuti iyo ndeyimwe yezvirwere zvakanyanya kuipa zvekuita panguva yekuzvitakura, vakadzi vanogara vachiongororwa pavanenge vasati vasununguka. Kusataurika, sarfisi inogona kutungamirira pakuzvarwa kwekufa kwevana vasati vasvika ku40% yevakadzi vane utachiona. Panewo mungozi yemucheche arikudzivirira kubatana kwechirwere, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kutengesa kwehupenyu kwenguva yakareba kana kuporesa matambudziko.
Zvokudya-Zvirwere Zvinokonzera
Zvimwe
E. coli
Kunyange zvazvo E. coli anogara mumunhu wose ematurakiti emukati, mamwe maitiro ayo akabatanidzwa nehutano hwekuparara. Hakuchina chinyorwa chinodyiwa chekudya chakabatanidzwa neE coli. Inogona kuwanika mune chero chinhu chisina kusimba kana chisina kuputika, mvura yakasvibiswa, kana maoko asina kushambwa. Pane njodzi yekuparara pamuviri kunobatanidzwa neE E. kupindwa kwechili. Nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira E. coli ndeyekutevera nzira dzakakodzera yekugadzira zvokudya, uye kushambidza maoko ako nguva dzose, kunyanya usati wadya kana kubata muromo wako.
Zvimwe
Listeria
Listeria ibhakitiriya inowanikwa mune zvimwe zvekudya. Iyo inowanzobatanidzwa nemhando dzisina kufungidzirwa, kunyange zvazvo inogona kuwanikwa mumichero matsva (munguva pfupi yapfuura, kuputika kweListeriosis kwakatorwa kumashure kune cantaloupe). Listeriosis (utachiona hunokonzerwa nekodzero yekodzero) ine ngozi inozivikanwa yekusununguka kwepamuviri. Inodzivirirwa kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kwekudya kwakakodzera uye kushambidza maoko nemaoko.
Zvimwe
Salmonella
Salmonella ibhakitiriya inogona kukonzera zvirwere kuvanhu. Inowanzowanikwa mumhuka dzakasvibirira kana dzisingabvumi, sezvinoitwa huku, mazai, nemiti yakasvibiswa yemakisi. Inogonawo kutakurwa nemhuka dzinokambaira, kusanganisira mhuka dzemhuka dzakadai semafuta, nyoka, uye mutezo. Salmonella yave ichibatanidzwa nehuwandu hwekuparara. Utachiona hunogona kudziviswa kuburikidza nehutano hwakanaka hwekugadzira zvokudya uye kushambidza maoko nemaoko.
Zvimwe
Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis imwe yezvipembenene zvine ngozi inonyatsozivikanwa yekusununguka pamuviri. Iyo inowanzobatanidzwa nekunyoreswa kumakumbo emakaka, ndicho chikonzero vakadzi vane pamuviri vakashandiswa kurayirwa kuti vadzivise makate. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzezvirwere dzinoramba dzichikurudzira kuti vakadzi vasaita kuchenesa mabhokisi emakwenzi panguva yekuzvitakura. Toxoplasmosis inogonawo kubvumirwa nekudya nyama isina kudya, asi nzira dzakanaka dzokugadzirisa zvokudya zvinogona kungoita kuti iparadze chirwere chekudya.
Zvirwere Zvinotapukira
Zvimwe
Chikeni pokisi
Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vakawanda vakura vasina zvirwere zvekuku (kuburikidza nehutachiona, kana kuti kare vaine chirwere), nhamba shoma yevakadzi vane pamuviri vanogona kubvumirana nehutachiona. Mungozi pakuberekwa kunosiyana nekusvika kwauri kure kana iwe uchinge wapiwa chicken pox. Kune ngozi shoma mumutatu wekutanga. Kusvikira mavhiki makumi matatu nemaviri ekupedzisira, chiitiko kumucheche chiduku apo amai vane chirwere chekudya. Zvisinei, mushure memavhiki makumi matatu nemaviri, kune ngozi yeononatal varicella, iyo inobatanidza nehutano hukuru hwekufa muzvitsva.
Cold uye Flu
Kunyangwe pasina chakazivikanwa pangozi yekuparadzana nehutachiona hwehutachiwana kana chirwere chepamuviri panguva yekuzvitakura, high fever yakabatanidzwa neural tube kutadza mucheche. Kunyange zvazvo pasina mushonga wezvipembenene izvi zvehutachiona, mukana wekuwana imwe unogona kuderedzwa kuburikidza nekuita kwakachena kwehutsanana, sekushambidza maoko uye kuvhara muromo wako nemhino neheta yako apo iwe unopera. Chirwere chepukisi chinokurudzirwawo kuvakadzi vane pamuviri kuti vaderedze njodzi yezvinetso zvinogona kuitika kubva kune utachiona hwekurwara.
Cytomegalovirus
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) chirwere chinowanikwa nezvirwere zvinorega kusunungurwa, zvakadai sefivha yakakomba, kuzvirumbidza, uye zviratidzo zvakadai sechirwere. Vanhu vakwegura vane hutano kazhinji havana hutano hwakakomba nehutachiona hwe CMV. Mune pamuviri, kutarisana ne CMV kunogona kutungamirira kumucheche akaberekwa nehutachiona, iyo ine ngozi yehutano, hutano hwehupenyu hwakafanana nehutachiona hweperesi, kutadza mupfungwa, kana kuonekwa uye matambudziko anonzwa. Panewo njodzi yekufa kwevana vakaberekwa vane utachiwana ne CMV. Kunyange zvazvo kutsvakurudza kusati kwasvika, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakare zvinoratidza CMV sechikonzero chekufa mukuberekwa, uye sechikonzero chekusiya pamuviri.
H1N1 Influenza
Ichi chinetso chechirwere, chinonziwo nguruve chirwere, chinobatanidzwa nehuwandu hwekufa kwevakadzi vane pamuviri. Sezvo dambudziko reH1N1 rave rave riripo kwemakore mashomanana, hapana hunobudiriri hwakaoma hwokuti hunokonzera kurasikirwa nepamuviri, asi pane zvisiri izvo zvakakwana zvakakwana kuti zviite chigumo. Pari zvino, CDC inokurudzira vakadzi vose vane pamuviri kuti vawane chirwere cheH1N1 kuderedza mikana yehutachiona.
Zvimwe
Hepatitis
Kune marudzi mazhinji ehepatitis, asi chete, Hepatitis E, inobatanidza nehutano hwekufa kune vose amai nemwana. Hepatitis E ishoma zvikuru muUnited States. Kana mukadzi anotapukirwa nehutachiona hwehupachipatara kwenguva yekutanga paanenge ari mumwedzi wechitatu wemimba yekuzvitakura, ari pangozi yekutanga kwebasa kana kutumirwa. Mamwe maitiro ehepatitis anogona kupfuudzwa kumucheche anowedzera, uye anogona kukonzera matambudziko ehutano kwenguva refu.
Lyme Disease
Chirwere cheLyme chirwere chebhakitiriya chinopararira nemakiti. Zviratidzo zvisinganzwisisiki uye zvinofanana nezvakawanda zvirwere zvepachirwere zvinowanzoonekwa, asi nzvimbo iyo munhu akarohwa nenyota inowanzove nemafungiro emhando yenhengo yezombe iri kuruma iyo inobatsira vanachiremba kuziva chirwere chinonzi Lyme. Iyo ine nguva yakareba yehutano yehutano kana isina kuongororwa uye kurapwa kare. Hapana humwe uchapupu hunogutsa hwokuti vakadzi vane pamuviri vane huwandu hwehutachiwana hwekuzvitakura nekuda kwechirwere cheLyme, kunyanya kana vari kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
Parvovirus
Ihwo hutano hwehuduku hunowanzozivikanwa seFifth Disease, parvovirus haisi maererano nevakuru vakawanda. Vakadzi vane pamuviri vanoratidzirwa ku parvovirus kazhinji vane chirwere chechirwere. Pasi pa5% yevakadzi vane pamuviri vachave nezvinetso mushure mokunge varatidzirwa ku parvovirus, asi kune ngozi yekuparara pamuviri inobatanidzwa nehutachiona.
Rubella
Zvinowanzozivikanwa sechiGermany masero, rubella inowanzove hutachiona hunoita kuti vanhu vadzoke kubva pasina nguva yakareba. Iyo yakafukidzwa nemishonga yeMMR, uye kudzivirirwa kweamai kunowanzoedzwa mukutarisa kwokutanga asati asara. Kana, zvakadaro, mukadzi anobata rubella panguva yekuzvitakura, kune ngozi yakakura yekuberekwa kuberekwa, kukanganisa, kana kuberekwa.