A micro preemie mwana anozvarwa anoyerera pasi pe 1 pound, 12 ounces (800 gramu) kana masvondo makumi maviri nemaviri asati apera. Sezvo izvi zvizvarwa zvevana zvakaberekerwa mwedzi isati yasvika zuva razvo, madiki vemauto vanotarisana kwenguva refu vachigara muineonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Kunyange zvazvo vana vakawanda vasati vasvika vasati vasvika vanokura vasina nguva yakareba yemigumisiro yehutachiona, vamwe vanotarisana nezvinetso zvehutano zvakakomba muupenyu hwose.
Chii Chinoita Kuti Mwana Ave Achangotanga?
Kuti ndikupe imwe mamiriro ezvinhu, chero mwana anoberekwa musati mavhiki makumi matatu nemakumi matatu ekuberekwa kunofungidzirwa kunge asina nguva (anozivikanwawo sekutanga). Micro pre-vavengi ndivo vana vasati vasvika vese. Vacheche vanozvarwa pakati pemavhiki makumi maviri nemaviri nemasvondo makumi matatu ekuberekwa kunonzi "nguva isati yakwana," vana vanozvarwa pakati pemasvondo makumi matatu nemakumi matatu nemazana matatu nemakumi matatu nemana makumi matatu nemakumi matatu ekuberekwa vanofanirwa kuti "nguva isati yasvika," uye avo vanozvarwa pakati pemasvondo makumi matatu nemakumi mana nemasere ekuberekwa vanonzi "nguva preterm. "
Chii Chinonzi Kuponeswa Kwevadzivisi Vadiki?
Micro pre-vavengi vasisina simba, uye zuva rimwe nerimwe iro amai vanotora pamuviri vanowedzera mukana wemwana wavo wekupona.
| Birth Week | Avhareji yeKupona Nhamba |
|---|---|
| Vhiki 22 | Vanenge 10 muzana yevana vachararama |
| 23 vhiki | 50% kusvika ku 66% yevana vachararama |
| 24 vhiki | 66% kusvika ku80% yevana vachararama |
| 25 masvondo | 75% kusvika ku85% yevana vachararama |
| 26 masvondo | Vana vanopfuura 90% vanogara varipo |
Chii Chine Micro Preemie Chinotarisa?
Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamiswa nemaitiro maduku maduku evanotanga.
Ganda ravo rakapfava, nemavhubu anooneka, uye rinogona kutarisa kana kuti gelatinous. Kana uri kushanyira micro preemie muNICU, unogona kutarisira kuona zvinotevera:
- Kutsigira kuporesa : A micro preemie inowanzo ine bhuti inobva mumuromo wayo, iyo inobatanidza nemhepo inoputira mwana. Mimwe michina michina inogona kufema yoga uye inenge ichienderera mberi inofadza mhepo yepamhepo (CPAP) pane. Ava vacheche vachave nemasikisi ePCAP akasungirirwa pamasana avo.
- Mitsara yechina : Micro mauto anowedzera kushanduka kwemagetsi uye anopiwa muchero (IV) chikafu pakutanga. Vazhinji vachave nemirairo mukati mavo embilical cord stumps (inonzi umbilical lines ) kwevhiki yekutanga kana maviri ehupenyu, uye PICC mutsara kana purogiramu IV gare gare.
- Kuongorora magetsi: Vose varwere veNICU vari kunyatsoongororwa. A micro preemie inogona kunge yakagadziriswa pfupa rake, tsoka, maziso, maoko nemakumbo. Izvi zvinotarisa mwoyo wemwana nekufema mitero uye ropa rake rinokonzera oksijeni. Mhemberero yakabatanidzwa mumbilical arteri IV inogona kuenzanisa kushanda kweropa.
- NG / OG tube : Nemhaka yokuti micro preemie isingakwanisi kudya kubva muhombodo kana kubva pazamu, tube inobva mumuromo wayo (OG tube) kana mumhino (NG tube) mudumbu.
Nenguva isipi, Yenguva Pfupi Youtano Utano Hwakanyanya Kuda Vavengi
Pakarepo mushure mekuberekwa uye panguva yeNICU micro preemie, vanachiremba nevanesi vanocherechedza zvakanyanya kurapwa kwakanyanya, zvakadai sezvi, pasi apa.
- Respiratory affliction syndrome (RDS) : Zvizhinji zviduku zviduku (anenge 85%) zvinotambudzika kufema mushure mokuberekwa. RDS inobatwa nekutsigira kuporesa uye mishonga.
- Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA): Inopfuura hafu yezvinyorwa zviduku zvine PDA. PDA ihukama hunoramba huripo pakati pemidziyo miviri yeropa pedyo nemwoyo. Kubatana uku kwakajairika kune fetus asi inofanira kuvhara kana mwana aberekwa uye anotanga kufema. PDAs inorapwa nemishonga kana kuvhiyiwa.
- Sepsis: Vana vacheche vasati vasvika vanowanzoita zvirwere kune zvikonzero zvakasiyana. Micro preemy ine immun immune systems uye inotarisana nevakawanda vasingagoni kumira muNICU, imwe neimwe inogona kubvumira mabhakitiriya kuti apinde mumuviri. Inenge 40% ye micro micro precept inoda mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kuti irape zvirwere zvebhakitiriya.
- Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH): IVH inobuda ropa muzvikamu zveuropi. Micro pre-vavengi vanoshaya mitsipa yeropa muhunhu hwavo, uye midziyo iyi inogona kuparara nyore nyore. Inenge chikamu chechina chemashizha madiki ane hutachiwana hweHIV. Zviitiko zvizhinji zveHIV zvinogadzirisa ivo pachavo, asi vamwe vana vanogona kuvhiyiwa kuti vabatsire kubvisa mvura yakakwana.
- Kudzokorora kwePakutanga (ROP): Mishonga yeropa mumeso e-preemee haana kunyatsoumbwa pakuberekwa. Apo midziyo inokura, inogona kukura zvakakurumidza zvokuti inokuvadza retina. Pasi pasi pe15% ye micro micro pream kukura ROP, iyo inowanzogadzirisa pachayo. Kuvhiya kunogona kudiwa mumatambudziko akaoma.
- Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC): Sezvo vana vaduku vasati vaine utachiona hwemakumbo, hutumbu hwavo hunogona kutapukirwa. Mune NEC, kubatana kwemuviri kunotapukirwa ndokutanga kufa. Inenge 7% ye micro micro preemy inokura NEC, iyo inogona kuva yakakomba zvikuru. NEC inobatwa neIV fluid uye mishonga. Kuvhiya kunogona kudiwa.
Utano Hurefu Hwakare-kare Matambudziko eScito Preemies
Zvizhinji zve-micro-preemy hazviratidzi kwenguva yakareba zvinokonzera kusarura. Ichokwadi, nezera remakore makumi matanhatu nemasere, anenge 60% ane maIQ anowanikwa. Zvisinei, mamwe ma micro-preyer angave ane nyaya dzehutano hwehupenyu hwose, kusanganisira dzakanyorwa pasi apa.
- Zvinetso zvepfungwa: Kukura kwekukurumidza , dambudziko kuchikoro, nemamwe matambudziko ekufungisisa ndiwo anowanzova nemigumisiro yekutangira. Vanenge makumi maviri kubva muzana emashizha emakemikari ane hutachiona hwekuremara kwemazana nemakore makumi matanhatu, uye imwe 20% ine matambudziko anononoka kuongororwa.
- Cerebral palsy: Inenge 10% ye micro micro preemy ine kuenzanisa kusvika yakaoma cerebral palsy.
- Chirwere chemapapu chirwere: Inenge hafu yezvinyorwa zviduku zvinoda oxygen paNICU kubuda. Micro preemy vangangodaro vane asthma kana zvimwe zvinetso zvokuputika, kusanganisira bronchopulmonary dysplasia, kana BPD.
- Dambudziko rekugumburwa : Micro pre preemy inowanzosangana nezvinetso zvekudya zvakadai seGERD , kuramba kwezvokudya, kana kudya kwakashata.
- Chiono kana kurasikirwa kwekunzwa: Pakati pe2% uye 3% ye micro micro preemy vane maonero ekupedzisira kana matambudziko ekunzwa nekuda kwezvinetso zvekutanga kwekuita.
Kuvandudza Mucheche Wemwana Wako
Kunyange zvazvo michina yakawanda inogona kutarisana nezvinetso zvakakomba zvehutano, kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvaunogona kuita semubereki kupa mwana wako chiitwe chekutanga.
- Iva nehanya nenguva yekutarisirwa: Paunenge wava nepamuviri, taura nachiremba wako pakutanga kuti ungaderedza sei njodzi yako yekuberekwa musati wasvika . Kutanga kutarisira mwana asati aberekwa kunogona kubatsira amai kuti varege kutanga kutakura.
- Ita mwana wako muchipatara neNICU: Kana iwe uchiziva kuti mwana wako achange asati apera, kuendesa kuchipatara ine nhamba yeNICU ine maawa 24 neonatology kugoverwa kunogona kumupa iye zvakanakisisa kutanga.
- Dzidza zviratidzo zvebasa rekutanga: Paunenge uri nepamuviri, iva nechokwadi chokuti iwe unonzwisisa zviratidzo zvebasa rekutanga , uye utsvaga kurapwa pakarepo kana iwe ukaronga imwe yadzo.
- Tsvaga kupindira kwepakutanga: Vacheche vanoberekwa munguva yekutanga vanogona kukodzera mapurogiramu epamberi ekupindira kwehurumende . Kutanga mapurogiramu yacho nokukurumidza sezvinobvira kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kusanganisa chero kupi zvako kwehutano hwakanaka.
Sources:
Hoekstra, R et al. "Kusununguka uye Nguva Yakareba Neurodevelopmental Kubva Kwakawandisa Kusati Yakwana Vana Vakazvarwa pa 23-26 Mavhiki 'Gestational Age At Tertiary Center.' Pediatrics Jan 2004; 113, c1-c7.
Qiu, X et al. "Kufananidza kweS Singleton nekuwanda-Kuberekwa kwezvakaberekwa kwevana vacheche vakaberekwa kana kuti vasati vasvika makumi maviri nemaviri ekuberekwa." Obstetrics & Gynecology Feb 2008; 111, 365-371.
Vohr, B et al. "Zvibereko zveNeurodevelopmental Zvekunyanya Kuderera Kuberekwa Vana Vacheche <32 Mavhiki 'Kubatana pakati pe1993 na1998." Pediatrics Sept 2005; 116, 635-643.