Kuona kukura kwevana vako nekukura kunogona kufadza uye kufadza.
Zvinosuruvarisa, mumwedzi mishoma yekutanga yemwana, kunze kwekunyemwerera nekuseka, hakuna kumbove iyo yakawanda inokosha yekusimudzira kufarira zvikuru pamusoro.
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Vhiki Gumi Neviri: Kuvandudza Zviitiko Zvechecheche YakoZvakawanda zvinotanga kuitika kwemavhiki gumi namaviri, kunyange zvakadaro. Mukuwedzera kumakumbo ake emwedzi wechipiri , mwana wako angatanga ku:
- mubatire musoro wake paine 90-degree angle
- kugara nekutsigira uye kubata musoro wake wakasimba
- takura ure pamakumbo ake
- pfugama
- simudza chifuva chake apo iye ari pamubhedha wake uye vatsigire pamaoko ake
- tendeuka kutinhira misodzi uye tevedzera kutaura mutauro
- akabata maoko ake pamwe chete uye unobata chikafu
- tevera zvinhu kuburikidza ne 180-degree angle
Kuti ubatsire mwana wako kuti awane zviitiko izvi zvakakosha, inogona kuva pfungwa yakanaka kushandisa nguva yemukomana zuva roga roga uye taura nevana vako kana iwe uchinzwa kuti mwana wako ane nguva yekukura .
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Zvinodhaka uye KuberekwaVamwe vanaamai vari kunyanya kuyamwisa nhasi kudarika kare, asi zvinosuruvarisa kuti, mazamu ekuyamwisa achiri pasi pezvinangwa izvo vadzidzisi vakagadza kuti vave.
ICDC's Healthy People 2010, iyo inoronga zvinangwa zvehutano, inosanganisira zvinangwa zvekuyamwisa. Izvo ndezvokuti amai makumi mashanu kubva muzana vachayamwisa pamwedzi mitanhatu uye vanenge 25% vacharamba vachiyamwisa pamwedzi gumi nemaviri.
Kunyange zvazvo pane zvikonzero zvakawanda moms anoramba achiyamwisa vasati vasangana nezvinangwa izvi, kusanganisira kuva nezvinetso kudzivirira mwana wavo, vachifunga kuti vari kuisa mukaka wakakwana, kana kudzokera kubasa, vachinyorwa kuti mushonga mutsva haufaniri kuwanzoita ivai mumwe wavo. Nekutsvakurudza zvishoma, iwe nachiremba wako munowanzowanzowana mishonga inowirirana nekuyamwisa.
Yeuka kuti American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) inotaura kuti "mishonga yakawanda inogona kurongerwa kune amai vanoyamwisa haifaniri kuva nemigumisiro yekugovera mukaka kana kuve nehutano hwemucheche." IAAP inosanganisira kunyora urongwa hurefu hwemishonga inowanzoenderana nekuyamwisa uye mutsara wakadii wemishonga inofanira kudziviswa.
Zvinodhaka uye Lactation Database (LactMed)
IAAP inokurudzira, uye pamusoro pezvose zvinenge zvichizivikanwa nezvezvinodhaka nekuyamwisa, zvinowanikwa muDrugs uye Lactation Database. Mukuwedzera kune nyore kutaura muchidimbu pamusoro pemishonga inowanikwa uye kunwisa, LactMed inopa ruzivo nezvezvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa nemishonga pamucheche, zvinogona kuitika pamushonga wekuyamwisa , chirongwa cheAAP, nemimwe mishonga inofungidzirwa.
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Vacheche vane Mhemberero EyesKana ziso remwana wako mukuru richibuda kunze (exotropia) kana mukati (esotropia), saka zvinowanzoreva kuti ane sitirofu, kana maziso asina kunyatsoenderana. Izvi zvinowanzodikanwa kurapwa nemaziso ekucheka, magirazi, uye dzimwe nguva kuvhiyiwa.
Nenzira yakanaka, kazhinji zvinowanzoita kuti vana vako vaone maziso dzimwe nguva vadzoke kumativi. Ichokwadi, mumwedzi yavo yekutanga, vana vanoisa pfungwa zvakanaka, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti maziso avo dzimwe nguva vambuke.
Kwemwedzi mitatu kana mina, kunyange zvakadaro, maziso omwana wako anofanira kukwanisa kuisa pfungwa pazvinhu kuburikidza nokutarisa kwavari nemaziso ose. Kana maziso omwana wako achiri kutaridzika ari kuyambuka kamwe chete paine mwedzi mitatu, zvino anofanira kuongororwa nevana vezvechipatara ophthalmologist kuti aone kana ane tsvina.
Kunyange musati mwedzi mitatu kana mina, kana maziso echeche wako achiita seaya achiyambuka, saka iyo pfungwa yakanaka kuti maziso ake aonekwe.
Sei ziso riri kuyambuka dambudziko?
Kana iwe maziso echeche haana kuenzaniswa, saka angave asina kuona zvakanaka kubva kune imwe yeiyo. Izvozvo zvinogona kutungamirira kuma amblyopia , izvo zvakaderera maonero mune rimwe remwana wako.
Strabismus uye chiremba wevana vako
Mukuwedzera pane kuongororwa nevana vezvechipatara, iwe unofanirwa kukurukura zvinetso zvose pamusoro pebhakitiriro nevana vako. Pane zviedzo zvishomanana zvakajeka, zvinosanganisira kuvhara kwekuvhara uye corneal light reflex test, iyo inogona kuona tsvina, iyo nyanzvi yako yevana inogona kuedza. Muchiyero chekuvhara, chiremba wevana vako anovhara ziso rimwe kuti aone kana imwe iyo inofamba, iyo chiratidzo chesimbe. Peni chiedza chinoshandiswa mumugodhi wekorneal light reflex kuti uone kana chiedza chakajeka chiri panzvimbo imwechete pameso maviri kana chiedza chikaratidzwa kwavari. Kana zvisingaiti, ipapo izvozvo zvinogona kuva chiratidzo chekushungurudza.
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Baby TalkMwana wako wemwedzi mitatu haazove achitaura zvakawanda zvakadaro. Zvechokwadi, iwe uchatora zvimwe zvinyorwa, kuseka, nemamwe mhere, asi kwete mashandisiro chaiwo iye zvino. Kutaura kwevana muzera rino kune zvakawanda zvekuita nekutaura kwako kumwana wako uye kwete zvakanyanya nekuti mwana wako anotaura sei kwauri.
Kutaura Nevana Vako
Unonyatsoda kudzidza here kutaura nemwana wako?
Vamwe vabereki vanoita, kunyanya kana vasina kutaura chaizvo nevana vavo. Mwana wako angave asina chaanoziva zvauri kutaura iye zvino, asi izvi hazvirevi kuti haazobatsiri nokunzwa iwe utaura. Yeuka kuti AAP inokurudzira kuti vabereki vataure, kuimba, uye kuverengera vana vavo, pane kuvarega vachiona TV.
Kana iwe usina chokwadi chekutaura, iwe unogona kutanga nekurondedzera zvauri kuita chero nguva ipi zvayo, sekunge iwe uri kuchinja sara yako yemwana , kumuwana iye akapfekedzwa, kana kumupa bhati.
Unogonawo kuverenga mabhuku, kuimba nziyo, kana kuita mwana mhere kuti "taura" kumwana wako.
Inogona kukubatsira iwe nevana vako kudzidza hurukuro yevana kana iwe:
- tevedzera zvimwe zvemashoko uye manzwiro anoita mwana wako
- taura nezvezvinhu izvo mwana wako ari kutarisa kana anoita seanofarira
- ufare kana mwana wako achiita ruzha uye anoedza kutaura kana kupindura kune zvaunotaura
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Kufamba kuChirembaSezvavanotarisirwa kumutswa kazhinji usiku, vana vanozvarwa nevana vaduku vanowanzovata muimba imwechete saamai vavo. Kuve pedyo naamai nababa kazhinji kunobatsira kuita manheru nguva yekupa zvokudya zviri nyore, saka munhu wese anogona kudzoka kurara nokukurumidza.
Zano iri rakasimbiswa muAmerican Academy of Pediatrics, apo vakati vana vaifanira kurara mumucheka, bassinet, kana chivako chakasiyana, asi pedyo, kumubhedha wamai vavo. Izvi ndechokuti "njodzi yeSIDS yakaratidzwa inoderedzwa apo mucheche anovata muimba imwechete saamai."
Asi zvinoreva here kuti mwana wako anofanira kurara muimba imwe chete newe mugore rake rokutanga?
Zvichida kwete, kunyanya paunofunga kuti mwana wako ane ngozi yakawanda yeSIDS asati asvika pamwedzi mitatu kusvika mana. Saka nemwedzi mitanhatu kusvika kumatanhatu, kana mwana wako akarara usiku hwose, unogona kumutora kumunda wake (kana iwe une imwe nzvimbo yekuti ararame).
Kunyange AAP, mubhuku, inotaura kuti kana mwana wako "achiri kurara muimba yako nemwedzi mitanhatu, inguva yekumubudisa kunze." Izvi zvinoreva kumucheche asina kurara zvakanaka mumba maamai vake, asi, nechinangwa chokuti mwana angangomuka kazhinji nokuti anonzwa kana anonzwa vabereki vake muimba. Ramba uchifunga kuti kana mwana wako ari kurara zvakanaka mumba mako, haufaniri kumudzinga kunze kana iwe usingadi.
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Uyo anopa Cough Alert nokuda kwevanaVabereki vakawanda vanofunga kuti kuputika, kana kuputika, chirwere chekare, kufanana nezvimwe zvirwere zvakawanda zvinodzivirirwa .
Zvinosuruvarisa, kusiyana nekuvepo kweporiyo uye maserosi, ayo akadzingwa muUnited States, vana vanogona kugona kuwana kukwezva.
Anopika Njodzi Dzakashata
Sei vana vachiri pangozi yekuwana kukwezva?
Chimwe chikonzero chikuru ndechokuti kunyange zvazvo vakagamuchira chirwere chinonzi diphtheria, tetanus, uye acellular pertussis vachengeti ( DTaP ), hazvisi kusvikira vawana murosi wechitatu pavanenge vane mwedzi mitanhatu kuti vadzivirirwe pakurwisana nekukanganiswa sevana. Vana vakwegura vanodzivirira kudzivirirwa kubva pamwedzi yavo kusvika kumwedzi 18 kusvika kumakore gumi nemana, uye makore gumi nemakore gumi nemaviri ( Tdap vaccine).
Vana vakawanda vakwegura uye vanhu vakuru havakwanisi kuparadzanisa asi, sezvo chirwere cheTdap chiri chakanaka, uye kudzivirira kweropa kunopera. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti vamwe vechidiki nevakuru vanogona kunge vachinetseka, kunyanya kana vakagumburwa kwenguva refu kwevhiki kana mwedzi. Izvozvi, maitiro epartussis ave achiwedzera mumakore achangobva kupfuura, uye mwana wako angagona kuwana kukwezva kana akange ari kune mumwe munhu ane chirwere ichi.
Apo vabereki vanofunga nezvekudzivirira zviratidzo zvekukanganiswa, vanogara vachifunga nezvemucheche ari kunyorera mutsara iyo inoteverwa ne 'kurira' inzwi. Kunyange zvazvo ichocho chiri chimiro kana chepikisi yakanyanya kuti vana vane chikwereti chinoputika, yeuka kuti havasi vana vose vanoita kuti izvozvo zvinzwike. Pane kudaro, vamwe vana vanongodonhora, vamwe vanogunzva kusvikira vatsvoda (post-tussive emesis), uye vamwe vanongova nechikwereti chisingaperi. Uye vana vakawanda vane chifuva chinoputika chinotanga kunze nezviratidzo zvinotonhora zvinotonhora.
Uyo anokora chifuva anogona kunge akaoma zvikuru kune vacheche nevana vacheche, avo vanogona kunge vane apnea, kana nguva iyo vanomira kufema.
Tsvaga kurapwa kana iwe uchifunga kuti mwana wako angave akave achifugama.
Anooping Cough Alert
Sezvo vacheche uye vana vaduku vari pangozi yakadaro kubva pakukandira chifuva uye havakwanisi kuchengetedzwa nemishonga yavo zvakadaro, zvinokosha kuti vabatsire kudzivisa kugunun'una.
Imwe nzira yakanaka ndeyekuti vanhu vose vakuru vangave vachisangana nevana vaduku vasati vava nemwedzi gumi nemaviri, kusanganisira vabereki, vanasekuru nanasekuru (kunyange kana ivo vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu), vatapi vevana, nevashandi vehutano, kuwana Tdap vaccine kana vasina kumbove nemumwe chete, kunyange kana zvichange zvisingasviki makore gumi kubva pakupedzisira kwetetanus booster.
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Kurapa chirwereNepo chirwere ichi chinowanzokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwevana vakura, sa rotavirus, vacheche uye vana vaduku vanogonawo kuva nehutachiwana kubva pakusagadzikana kwemaitiro kana kushaya mishonga. Kunyange vana vakaberekwa nechecheche vanogona kuve nemararara kubva pakusagadzikana kwezvokudya , kazhinji kune chimwe chinhu icho amai vavo vari kudya kana kunwa chiri kupinda mumukaka wake.
Mishonga yeDhararhea
Sezvo chirwere ichi chiri chiratidzo chakajairika, iri pfungwa yakanaka kunzwisisa zvirongwa zvinorayirwa kune vacheche vane chirwere, kuti iwe ugadzirire kana mwana wako akarwara. Kana mwana wako ane chirwere chakanaka uye / kana kuti kururamisa pane dzimwe nguva, izvi zvinowanzosanganisira:
- Kuramba uchiyamwisa kana kufungidzira kunopa mwana wako
- kupa mwana maawa mashomanana emamwe ePedialyte kana mamwe magetsi ekugadzirisa chero nguva paanenge aine chirwere, kunze kwekudya kwake nguva dzose kwechifuva chemazamu kana
- kudzivisa kupa mwana wako zvinwiwa nehuwandu hwemashuga akawedzerwa, semvura
- kutora mwana wako kudzokera kune imwe nguva yakakodzera, isingarambidzwi (kudya kwemazamu, mazamu, mwana wezvokudya, nezvimwe) nokukurumidza sezvinobvira
Kunyange zvazvo Pedialyte nemamwe magetsi ekugadzirisa zvinowanzokurudzirwa apo vana vane chirwere chekurambana, zvinokosha kuziva kuti havaiti kuti chirwere chinenge chichienda. Pane kudaro, anopiwa kuitira kuti mwana wako arege kuora mvura.
Kana iwe ukangokwanisa kupa mwana wako Pedialyte kwemaawa anopfuura maawa gumi nemaviri kana kana iwe mwana une zviratidzo zvekushaya mvura , unofanira kutaura nemwana wako.
Kudya Kwezvokudya kweDhairrhea
Kana iwe uchifunga kuti chirwere chemucheche wako chinobva kune chinetso chekudya uye kwete chirwere, kunyanya kana asiri mukutarisira kwemasikati uye hakuna mumwe munhu anorwara, taura nevana vako nezvezvokuita zvinotevera. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kurega mukaka nemichero yehuchi mukudya kwekuyamwisa amai kana kushandura fomu-yakadyarwa mwana.
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Health Health Alert for Baby TVIAAP yakajeka mukurumbidza kwavo kuti vabereki vanofanira "kuderedza terevhizheni kutarisa vana vaduku kupfuura makore maviri."
Izvo zvinoita kuti zvinakidze kuti pane mavhidhiyo mazhinji uye chaiyo yeTV yevana. BabyFirstTV, inowanika paRirectcTV neDISH network, inotengeswa se "rudzi rwekutanga rwenzira yevana."
Chii chinetso nekuona TV?
IAAP inotaura kuti "kunyange zvazvo kune zvimwe zvingabatsirika kubva pakuona mamwe maonesheni ekuterevhizheni, akadai sekusimudzirwa kwezvinhu zvakanaka zvehutano hwevanhu (zvakadai sokugovana, tsika, uye kubatana), dzakawanda zvirwere zvoutano zvisina kunaka zvinogona kukonzera," kusanganisira kuwedzera mukati:
- utsinye uye hutsinye
- kushanda kuchikoro mashoma
- kudya zvakashata kusarudzwa uye kuwedzera kwehuduku
Zvidzidzo zvakanyatsoratidzawo kunonoka kwekugadzirisa mutauro kune vana vasati vava nemakore maviri vanoona TV nevana vana.
Kwete TV - Zvechokwadi?
Vabereki vakawanda vanofunga kuti kurambidzwa kweTV kutarisa vana vaduku hakusi kudarika. Havana kuona chero kukuvadza pane dzimwe nguva vachirega mwana wavo achiona kuratidza dzidzo kana maviri, kunyanya pavanenge vachiedza kuwana chimwe chinhu chakaitwa, sekutakura mvura kana kugadzirira kudya.
Chimwe chiitiko chisingarevi, chiratidzo chekudzidzisa hachisi chinetso chinetso. Izvo kune avo vanoshandisa TV semubereki kana kuti vanorega vana vavo vachiona zera-zviratidzo zvisina kukodzera.
Ramba uchiyeuka kuti mwana wako achakura zvakanaka kana asingatarisi chero terevhizheni asi uye seAAP inokurudzira, iwe unopa " mamwe mabasa anobatanidza anozosimudzira kunaka kwehuropi, sekutaura, kutamba, kuimba, nekuverenga pamwechete . "
Sources:
American Academy of Pediatrics. Policy Statement. Vana, Adolescents, uye Terevhizheni. Pediatrics 2001 107: 423-426.
> American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement. Icho Chinoshanduka Chinangwa Chokurumidza Kwana Mwana Syndrome. PEDIATRICS Vol. 116 Nha. 5 November 2005, peji 1245-1255.
> American Academy of Pediatrics. Policy Statement. Kudhindwa Kwezvinodhaka uye Mamwe Makemikari Kuita Mushonga Wevanhu. PEDIATRICS Vol. 108 Nha. 3 Svondo 2001, peji 776-789.
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Vanhu Vakagwinya 2010. Utano hweMadzimai, Mucheche, uye Utano. Kuyamwisa, Kuberekwa Kuzvarwa, uye Utachiona.
Chokutanga usaita zvinokuvadza: sei vabereki nevanachiremba vana vakashaya chikepe kuvana nevashambadziri? Strasburger VC - J Chirwere chepachirwere - 01-OCT-2007; 151 (4): 334-6.