Kutanga kusatima ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinoshungurudza zvinosangana nemhuri pasi pose. Kana mwana aberekwa musati mavhiki makumi matatu nemazera ekuberekwa, mwana anoonekwa kunge asina nguva. MuUnited States, maererano neCDC, nezvemwana mumwechete pavana gumi vanoberekwa vasati vasvika, mafungiro ekufungidzira akwira uye achidzika pamusoro pemakore akawanda apfuura.
Hondo yaMarch yeDeses inotsanangura kuti, neruremekedzo, mitengo yekusarura inenge ichiita seyakaderera, asi vana vanopfuura 380 000 vakaberekwa vasati vasvika gore negore.
Uye pasi pose, kusatidzira kwehutachiona kuchiri chikonzero chinonyanya kukonzera rufu rwevana vasati vava nemakore mashanu.
Nei Chinetso Chokukura Pakunamata Kune Vasikana
ICDC inotaura kuti kusvibiswa kunogona kukonzera matambudziko mazhinji kuvana. Hakusi chete rufu kune ngozi-uye njodzi yekufa inowedzera yakatanga mwana akazvarwa-asi mwana anotarisana nezvinetso zvakadai sokuti:
- Zvinetso zvinopisa
- Kudyisa zvinetso
- Cerebral palsy
- Kukurumidza kunonoka
- Zviratidzo zvinetso
- Kunzwa kuora mwoyo
Ngozi yezvinetso zvecheche dzinoberekwa nguva isati yasvika dzakasiyana-siyana zvishoma, zvichienderana nekuti mwana anotanga sei kuberekwa . Kunyange zvazvo chero mwana akaberekwa musati mavhiki makumi matatu makumi matatu apfuura anofungidzirwa nguva isati yamboitika, kunewo maitiro akasiyana-siyana ehutachiona. Semuenzaniso, mwana anozvarwa pakati pemasvondo makumi maviri nemasere nemaawa makumi matatu anoonekwa sekuenzanisira kusvika nguva yapfuura, mwana pakati pemasvondo makumi maviri nemasere nemaviri anotangira, uye mwana anozvarwa vasati vhiki makumi maviri nemakumi matatu apfuura.
Nemhaka yekuti matanho ekutanga asati asvika ave akareba kwazvo, kune vamwe vakuru kune avo vakambova nematambudziko semugumisiro wokunge vasati vakura semucheche.
Kakawanda, ndicho chinhu chakakosha zvikuru kune hutano hwepasi rose kubatsira kubvisa kukonzerwa nekufananidzira kwemhuri.
Chirongwa Chekugadzirira Chingave Chinobatsira Kutanga Kusimba?
Imwe yezvinetso zvakakura izvo vana vasati vatarisana vasangana nemapapu asina kusimbiswa. Kana vana vakaberekwa nokukurumidza, mapapu avo haakwanisi kukura zvakanaka uye zvinotungamirira kune vakawanda pakarepo uye kana vacheche vachararama, zvimwe zvinetso zvenguva refu.
Vanachiremba vave vakaedza kwenguva refu vachiuya nemhinduro yekubatsira mapapu emucheche. Pari zvino, vanachiremba vanoshandisa steroid pamapapu emwana kuedza kubatsira mapapu asina kubuda, asi kunyanya kuvana vacheche, vanoda rubatsiro rukuru kupfuura steroid inopa.
Ndizvo chaizvoizvo masayendisiti anotarisira kuti kuisa chibereko chekuvaka chingabatsira kubatsira kupa vana vasati vasvika nguva yakawanda yavanoda kuti vakwanise kukura. Muchidzidzo che 2017 chakabudiswa muChimi , vatsvakurudzi vakataura kubudirira kwechibereko chekugadzirira chakagadzirirwa makwayana. Vakanga vakabudirira kugona kuchengeta zvipembenene zvegwayana muchizvaro kwemwedzi wose, pasina dambudziko rehutano.
Iyo Inoshanda Sei
Chibereko chekuita chiziviso chinonzi extrauterine system yakagadzirirwa kuita sechizvaro. Inoshandisa kusanganiswa kwepurasitiki muchikwata, mapampu, gesi muvhengi kuti varambe vachienzanisa yakakwana ye oksijeni, uye mafiritsi kuti varambe vachiita zvinetso. Zvichida zvakanyanya kuputsika, iyo yakavharwa, uye inoreva kuti inofanidza nzvimbo chaiyo yechizvaro chepanyama. Apo mwana mucheche ari kukura muchizvaro, akavharwa kune nyika yekunze uye mwana haana kufema mweya. Pane kudaro, mapapu anochengetwa mumamiriro ezvinhu anogara aine amniotic fluid uye fetus inogamuchira oxygen yayo kuburikidza ne-placenta panzvimbo yekufema mumapapu.
Izvi zvinobatsira mapapu zvakakwana zvakakwana vasati vafanirwa kutanga kutanga kufema mweya pachavo.
Kutarisa pamakondohwe emakwayana, chidzidzo chacho chakaratidza kuti makwayana makwayana aive nekukura kwemuviri, pamwe chete nekuvandudzwa kwehupi uye mapapu. Makwayana akakwanisa kubudirira kugara muchibereko chekuvaka kwemavhiki mana. Izvi zvingaita sezvakareba kwenguva refu, asi munyika yekusatidzira, chaizvoizvo zuva rimwe nerimwe rinogona kuita mutsauko mukukura kwevana.
Ko Madzimai Anoita Kuti Ave Akazove Ave Yenguva Yemberi Here?
Saka tichabva taona vana vasati vasvika mumadzimai ekugadzirira kuisa zvipatara zvedu munguva yemberi iri mberi? Zvichida kwete chero nguva pfupi.
Icho chiripo basa rakawanda rinofanira kuitwa kuti uunze teknolojia kusvika pane iyo yakagadzirira kushandiswa kuvana vacheche.
Zvisinei, vatsvakurudzo vari shure muchibereko vanotarisira kutanga kuedza chibereko chemuviri pamusoro pevana vaduku munguva shoma shoma, mukati pemakore matatu kusvika mashanu. Saka netariro, mune ramangwana, chibereko chemuviri chingava danho rinokosha mukurapa dambudziko rekufananidza kwemhuri.
> Sources:
> Centres for Disease, Control, and Prevention. (2017). Preterm kuberekwa. https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinfanthealth/pretermbirth.htm
> Partridge, E. et al. (2017, April 25). Chimwe chekuwedzera-uterine chirongwa kuti uwane physiologically kutsigira gwayana risina nguva. Zvinhu Zvokufambisa 8. nei: 10.1038 / ncomms15112. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms15112
> World Health Organization. (2016, November). Preterm kuberekwa. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs363/en/