Sezvo mukoti mune imwe natalatal care unit unit (NICU) , ndinonzwa mubvunzo uyu kakawanda kubva kuvabereki. Pasinei nechecheche inoberekwa vhiki kana mwedzi kare, vabereki vanonetseka nezvenguva refu yehutano yehutano hwehutachiona. Vanoda kuziva zvingatarisira, uye nzira yekudzivirira matambudziko anokonzerwa nokuzvarwa patsva nokukurumidza.
Mazita ezvinetso zvenguva refu zvekufananidza zvinogona kuvhundutsa vabereki.
Asi nyaya haisi yakaipa. Kunyange pakati pe micropreki, inorema kudarika 800 gramu (inenge 1 lb 12 oz) pakuberekwa, vazhinji (60%) vane maitiro ezvidzidzo zvemaurological pamwedzi 20. Sezvo uremu uye kukwegura kwezera rinowedzera, njodzi dzinoderera. Zvengozi izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Kudzidza matambudziko: Chimwe chinowanzoitika kwenguva refu yekugadzirisa kwehutano ndechimwe chimiro chekuremara kudzidza. Kuremara kunogona kunge kwakanyorova, kwakanyanya, kana pane imwe nzvimbo pakati, uye kazhinji hazvionekwe kusvikira vana vatanga chikoro. Mathemoni inowanzobatwa; mazwi uye kuverenga zvishoma zvinowanzobatwa. Kupindira kwepakutanga uye mapurogiramu akaita se Head Head anogona kubatsira kuderedza zvinetso zvekudzidza kukurudzira chikoro kubudirira.
- Zviratidzo uye zvinetso zvekunzwa: Micropre vavengi vari pangozi yehutano hwemaziso inonzi retinopathy ye prematurity (ROP), mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukonzera kuora mwoyo kwepfungwa kana kupofu. Nemhaka yokuti ROP iri nyore nyore kurapa kana yakabatwa nguva isati yakwana, vacheche vasati vasvika vanoongororwa kare kare, kazhinji pavanenge vari muchipatara. Mamiriro acho anobatwa nechisvini kana kuti chirwere chemalasi, uye vana vazhinji vanopora zvachose.
- Zvokudya uye zvinetso zvekudya: Vana vasati vatanga kazhinji havagoni kunwa kubva pachipfuva kana bhodhi pavanenge vaberekwa, uye vanogona kudyidzwa ne-IV mvura kana kuti mubhuti mumhino kana mumuromo kwemavhiki mashoma. Izvi zvinetso zvekudya zvekutanga zvinogona kukonzera kudya kwenguva yakareba zvinetso, kusanganisira kudya kwekudya uye kunonoka kukura. Zviitiko zvakanyanya zvekucheka neocrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) zvingada kuvhiyiwa, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti pave nekuoma mukudyisa nekudya. Gastroesophageal reflux chirwere, inonziwo GERD kana reflux, imwe dambudziko iro vana vasati vasvika vangave nevanokura. Reflux inogona kuva yanyoro kana yakaoma uye ingada kurapa nachiremba.
- Zvinetso zvokuputika: Chirwere cheputi, croup, uye bronchitis zvose zvinowanzoonekwa kune vana vakaberekwa nekukurumidza kupfuura kuvana vanozvarwa panguva. Chimwe chinetso chakakomba, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), ndicho imwe ngozi inogona kuitika yekusatangira. Vacheche vane BPD vangada kuwedzera oksijeni kwenguva yakareba, kunyange mushure mokunge chipatara ichibuda.
- Cerebral palsy: Sezvo vazhinji vanodarika 30% ema micropreemy vanokura kuora kweperesia, mamiriro ezvinhu anokanganisa kufamba nekubatana. Mamiriro acho angave akajeka kana akaoma, uye kuora mwoyo kwepfungwa kungave kana kusavapo. Vana vazhinji vane cerebral palsy vanoshandisa mabhesi, zvitubu zvevhiri, kana zvimwe zvigadziridzo zvekubatsira kubva munzvimbo nenzvimbo.
Chii Chingaitwa Nevabereki?
Zvizhinji zveNICU zvinopa makiriniki ekutevera kwevabereki vane vacheche vasati vasvika, kubva panguva yavanobva muNICU kusvikira vangave mugore ravo repiri kana rechitatu rehupenyu. Kuenda kunzvimbo dzose dzekuchengetedza kliniki kunobatsira kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chero nguva yakareba yehutachiona yakabatwa kare uye inorapwa nokukurumidza.
Chikoro chepachikoro chinonyanya kukosha kune vana vakazvarwa patsva. Mhemberero Dzakatanga Nedzidzo dzedzechikoro dzinogona kubatsira kugadzirisa shanduko kuenda kuchikoro chekugadzirira, kusimbisa vadzivisi vekugadzira zvidzidzo uye kuvhara zvimwe zvekudzivirira zvinodzivirirwa nevavengi vangasangana nazvo.
Apo vacheche vasati vasvika kuchikoro, vabereki vachadikanwa kutora chikamu chekuita mubasa ravo kuti vaone kuti chero matambudziko ekudzidza anozivikanwa nekukurumidza. Kupindira kwepakutanga kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira matambudziko maduku kubva pakuva makuru uye anogona kubatsira vana vaduku vaduku kuti vawedzere mano avo.
Sources:
> Blackman, JA. " NICU > micropreemies > vanoita sei?" Contemporary Pediatrics Feb 2007 24: 64-73.
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. "CDC Features: Kuberekwa Kusati Kwakwana ." http://www.cdc.gov/Features/PrematureBirth/
> Holditch-Davis, > Ph.D. >, RN, FAAN, Diane. "Migumisiro yehutachiona uye neonatal yakasimba yekuchengetedza unyanzvi." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing July-Aug 2007 36: 364-5.
> Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia. "Premature Infant." Http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001562.htm
> National Eye Institute. "Kudzokorora kwekutanga kwekutanga." Http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/rop/