Zvinorevei kana chiremba wako achiti mwana wako achava mwana anotengesa zvishoma? Chii chaungatarisira?
Chii Chine Mwana Anotanga Kutanga?
Maererano nenotsanangudzo dzakawanda, mwana anonyatsotangira mwana mumwe akaberekwa pakati pemakore makumi matatu nemakumi matatu nemana makumi matatu nemakumi matatu ekuberekwa. A micro preemie inoberekwa musati mavhiki makumi maviri nemaviri ekutenda ; mwana ane nguva isati yasvika anoberekwa pakati pemakore 27 ne30 mazera ekutenda, uye mwana wekutanga akaberekwa anoberekwa pakati pemakore makumi matatu nemana makumi mana nemasere ekuberekwa.
Nemhaka yekuti fetus inokura zvakakurumidza mumwedzi yekupedzisira yekudzivirira, mwana anonyatsofanirwa kuberekwa zvakasiyana zvikuru kune wakaberekwa kare kana kuti gare gare. Vana vanofanotangira vana vanotarisana nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana uye vane matambudziko akasiyana-siyana ehutano kubva kune vamwe vana vasati vasvika.
Chii Chine Mwana Anotanga Kutarisa Anoita?
Kunyange zvazvo vari vaduku kudarika vana venguva yakazara, vana vanofananidzira vacheche vanotarisa kufanana nevana vakaberekwa gare gare. Havasisina ruvara rweganda nekushayikwa kwemafuta omuviri izvo vana vasati vachangopera vane. Vanowanzoyera pakati pe3 1/2 kusvika ku5 pounds.
Kana iwe uri kushanyira mwana achangoberekwa anonyatsotanga mwana, zvigadzirwa zveNICU zvingangodaro zvinotyisa kupfuura mwana wacho pachake. Tarisira kuti uone:
- Incubators : Kunyange zvazvo vana vemazuva ano vasati vatanga kuzadza, vazhinji havana mafuta akakwana kuti varambe vachidziya. Mwana angangodaro ari muchitsiko kana kuti, kwemaawa ekutanga ehupenyu, pasi pemhepo inopisa.
- Rutsigiro rwemapfupa: Inenge hafu yevana vanofanirwa kutanga vacheche vanoda rubatsiro rwekuporesa pakuberekwa. Nasal CPAP uye nasal cannulas ndiyo inowanzoshandiswa, kunyange zvazvo vamwe vanofananidzira vacheche vanoda mechanical ventilation.
- IV mitsara: Nokuti kunyatsotanga vana vacheche vane utachiona husina kumira muviri, mukaka wekudya unowedzera uye unowedzera kwemazuva mashoma. Peripheral IVs inowanzoshandiswa kupa mwana chikafu kana zvikafu zvawedzerwa, kunyange mitsara yePICC uye embilical catheters ingashandiswa zvakare.
- Kuongorora midziyo : Zvigadziri pamapfupa echecheche nemakumbo kana maziso zvinotarisana nemwana zvinotarisa kutara kwomwoyo kwomwana, kufema kwehutano, uye kuputika kweokisijeni.
- Kudyisa mabhuti : Nokuti vana vanofanirwa kutangira vana vasina simba zvakakwana kuti vawane zvokudya zvakakwana kuti vawane uwandu, tube inobva mumuromo wemwana (OG tube) kana mhino (NG tube) kusvika mudumbu. Iyo tube inoshandiswa kupa chero mukaka wekudya uyo mwana asingagoni kutora nehapa kana bhodhoro.
Utano Matambudziko
Mwana anonyatsogadzirira anowanzokura zvakakwana pakuberekwa kuti apukunyuke matambudziko akakomba ehutano hwehutano hwakanaka . Zvizhinji zvehutano hwehutano hunotarisana nevana vanofananidza vacheche vanogara kwenguva pfupi uye vanogadziriswa vasati vasunungurwa NICU.
- Jaundice : Jaundice inokonzerwa nekuparara kwemasero matsvuku eropa mushure mokuberekwa. Munguva yekuputsika uku, muviri unoita zvinhu zvinotapudza izvo vana vasati vasvika havakwanisi kubvisa zvakanaka kwazvo. Vavengi vangave vachida kurapwa kwemazuva mazhinji ne phototherapy kubatsira.
- Apnea of ​​prematurity: Apnea (apo kufema kunomira) uye bradycardia (apo mwoyo unoterera zvishoma nezvishoma) inowanzova mucheche asati azvarwa. Vana vanofanotanga vacheche vanogona kutambura neapnea ye prematurity kwemavhiki mashoma apo miviri yavo ichikura. Apnea ye prematurity inorapwa nemishonga uye yekucherechedza.
- Kudya zvakashata: Nemazuva ekutanga vacheche havana simba zvakakwana kutora zvokudya zvavo zvose kubva pachipfuva kana bhodhoro, uye havagoni kuronga kunwisa, kumedza, nekufema zvakanaka. Zvinogona kuvhiringidza vabereki kuti vasiye vana vavo muNICU pavanenge vachiita zvakanaka munzira dzose, nekuda kwekuti havana simba rakakwana yekuyamwisa kana kupa mabhodhoro .
- Kuporesa kushungurudzwa : Kubudirira kwemafupa hakupedzeri kusvikira mwana asvika nguva yakazara, uye vana vanofanotangira vacheche dzimwe nguva vane dambudziko rokufema pakuberekwa. Vanogona kufema nokukurumidza (tachypnea), vane e-oxygen saturation, kana kuratidza zvimwe zviratidzo zvavari kutambudzika kufema. Kutsigira kuporesa kunogona kudiwa, zvikurukuru mumazuva mashomanana ekutanga ehupenyu.
Chii Chinonzi Tachypnea?
Tachypnea kukurumidza kufema. Vana vachangoberekwa vanowanzofema pakati pemakumi mana nemakumi matanhatu ekufema paminiti. Chirwere chekuputira nekukurumidza kupfuura 60 mweya neminiti inonzi tachypnea . Vose vacheche vasati vazvarwa uye vacheche vakaberekerwa pazera vanogona kufema nokukurumidza nekuda kwechiitiko chinonzi tachypnea yechinyakare chechechecheche (TTN), chimiro chinyoro. Vacheche vane TTN vangada kubatsirwa nekufema , uye kazhinji vanofema kazhinji mumazuva masere kana maviri. Muvana vasati vasvika, tachypnea inogona kuva chiratidzo chekupemha chirwere chirwere , chirwere chakakomba chinogona kutora nguva yakareba kuti vadzoke kubva.
Inguva Yakadini Yokutanga Mucheche Mwana Anoramba Ari muNICU?
Vese vacheche vacheche vanofanira kusangana nezvimwe zviitiko zvisati zvaitika kuti vasunungurwe zvakakwana kubva kuNICU. Vanofanira kukwanisa kudya, kufema, uye kuramba vachidziya pachavo. Vana vanofanotangira vana vanotora mavhiki mashoma kuti vasangana nematambudziko aya uye vanowanzobudiswa pamakore makumi matatu nemaviri ekutenda.
Zvinetso Zvenguva refu
Vazhinji vanofanotanga vacheche vachabva muNICU vasina migumisiro yekusingaperi. Vamwe vangada kutarisira kwenguva pfupi mushure mekunge vabuda; vanogona kuunza apnea kutarisa kumba navo kana kuti vanoda oxygen pamba kwemwedzi mishomanana. Inenge 15% ichava nekuremara kwakanyanyisa sekukurumidza kunonoka kana dambudziko kuchikoro, uye imwe 5% kusvika ku8% ichave yakanyanyisa kukura mumuviri uye kugona.
Kune zvinhu zvakawanda izvo vabereki vanogona kuita kuti vabatsire kuve nechokwadi chokuti vana vavo vane zvakanakisisa zvinoitika:
- Iva nenguva yekuvaravirira kwekutanga: Moms anogona kuderedza dambudziko rekuberekwa kwekutanga asati atora nguva yekurera. Vanotarisira kuti amai vanofanira kutaura nevanachiremba avo pavanenge vachiziva nezvemikana yavo yokuva nevana vasati vatanga; maererano neChirungu chaDimes, kukurukurirana uku hakusviki.
- Shandisa nguva muNICU: Kana iwe wakabereka mwana anonyatsogadzirira, shandisa nguva yakawanda muNICU sezvaunogona. Dzidza nezvehutano hwemwana wako, sunga ne mwana wako , uye uwane zvakanaka pakudya preemie yako .
- Ongorora kupindira kwepakutanga : Kana mwana wako akaratidza chero zviratidzo zvekukurumidza kunonoka kana kuti ane matambudziko makuru ehutano muNICU, taura nevana vako nezvekupindira kwekutanga (EI). Mapurogiramu epurogiramu epakuvamba akasununguka kuvabereki uye anogona kubatsira vana vacheche vasangana nevezera ravo nekukurumidza.
Sources:
> Gunter, J. The Preemie Primer Da Capo, 2010.
Kirkby, S, Greenspan, J, Kornhauser, M, naSchneiderman, R. "Zvibereko zveMakiriniki uye Mutengo weMucheche Anotangira Mwana." Kufambira Mberi Mukusarudzwa Kwevana Kusununguka April 2007; 7, 80-87.
Qiu, X et al. "Kufananidza kweS Singleton nekuwanda-Kuberekwa kwezvakaberekwa kwevana vacheche vakaberekwa kana kuti vasati vasvika makumi maviri nemaviri ekuberekwa." Obstetrics & Gynecology Feb 2008; 111, 365-371.