Kurema nekurema kuburikidza negore rekutanga nemakati
Kufanana nevabereki vakawanda, ungangodaro unofunga kana mwana wako ari kukura zvakanaka. Zvisinei, pasinei nemuedzo, hazvikurudzirwe kuenzanisa kukura kwevana vako nekukura kune vamwe vana. Mwana wose ari munhu uye anokura paanomhanya. Vamwe vana vakuru, uye vamwe vana vaduku. Pane zvakakwana mararamiro ekukura. Uye, sezvo kukura kunoenderana nezvimwe zvinhu, kwete munhu wese anotevera muenzaniso wakafanana.
Heano mamwe emitengo yehuremu uye hurefu mukati megore rokutanga. Asi, rangarira, kana mwana wako ari muduku kana kuti mukuru kudarika zviyero izvi zvakati, hazvirevi kuti hazvisi zvekare.
Chii Chinokura Mifananidzo Inoreva
Kukura kwemashoko uye mapecenti zvinongova zvishandiso zvinobatsira kutarisa kukura kwevana kupfuura kwenguva. Iko 50th percentile haireve kuti yakakodzera. Iko 50th percentile zvinoreva chiyero. Apo vamwe vana vanowa pamusara wepakati, vana vazhinji vanowira pasi kana kupfuura pamusoro payo. Saka, kana mwana wako asiri mu 50c percentile, zvirokwazvo hazvirevi kuti iye haasi kukura pamutengo wakanaka. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoita kuti mwana wako akure uye kurema, kusanganisira genetics, kudya, uye basa rekuita. Vana vane utano hwakanaka vari mu 5 percentile uyewo 95th percentile.
WHO uye CDC Growth Charts
Zvose mapuraneti ekukura haasi akafanana. ICentral for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) inopa mararamiro ekuwedzera ekuwedzera anowedzera dhesi uye ruzivo kubva mukubatanidza nzira dzekudyisa.
Iko CDC kukura maratidzo inongoratidzwa uye inoratidza kuti vana vakakurira sei panguva yakatarwa muUnited States. Sangano reWorld Health Organization (WHO) rinowedzera mazita kubva kuvana vanoyamwisa. Sezvo vanaamai vachiyamwisa nekuwedzera uye mapepa eO WHO anotaridzirwa muitiro wekuti vana vanofanira kukura sei, CDC inokurudzira kushandisa chati dzeOW kukura kune vose vacheche - ingave vari kunwisa kana kutora fomu - mumakore maviri ekutanga.
IAmerican Academy of Pediatrics (APP) inobvumirana neCDC kukurudzira.
Avhareji yevana vatsva kuora
Ivhareji yekuberekwa kwechecheche inenge inenge 7 kusvika ku7 1/2 pounds (3.2 -3.4 kg). Asi, vana vese venguva yakazara vane utano hwakanaka vanoyerera chero ipi zvayo kubva paundi piti 11 maoundi kusvika ku8 maundi (2.6 - 3.8 kg). Kuberekwa kunorema kunodarika maundi 5,5 kg (2.5 kg) panguva yakazara, uye yakawanda kudarika mavhareji inonzi birthweight inokwana mapaundi 13 (4.0 kg).
Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukanganisa kuberekwa kwekuzvarwa patsva. Dzinosanganisira:
- Mavhiki masere sei pamuviri unotora: Vana vakaberekwa vasati vasvika vanowanzoita maduku, uye vana vakaberekwa kupfuura zuva razvo rinofanira kuva guru.
- Kusvuta: Vanaamai vanosvuta vanogara vane vana vaduku.
- Gestational chirwere cheshuga: Chirwere cheshuga panguva yekuzvitakura chinogona kutungamirira kumwana mukuru-kupfuura-muchengeti.
- Mamiriro okunhu: Kudya kwakashata pakuberekwa kunogona kutungamirira kumwana muduku kana kunyanya kuderedza kuwedzera kunogona kutungamirira kumwana mukuru.
- Nhoroondo yemhuri: Vamwe vana vanozvarwa maduku kana kuti makuru, uye zvinogona kungoitika mumhuri.
- Gender: Paavhareji, mwana achangoberekwa vasikana anorema zvishomanana kupfuura vakomana.
- Kuberekwa kwakasiyana-siyana: Mwana asina mwana angangodaro ane kuberekwa kwakakura kupfuura vana vomunin'ina akazvarwa panguva imwechete yakadai semapatya, katatu, kana kupfuura.
Mumazuva mashomanana ekutanga ehupenyu , zvinowanzoitika kune vakaberekwa vese vane mazamu nehombodo kuti vashaye uremu. Mwana akadhakwa anogona kurasikirwa kusvika kusvika ku5 kubva muzana yemutumbi wake, uye mwana achangoberekwa necheche chete anogona kukanganisa kusvika kusvika 10 muzana. Asi, mukati memavhiki maviri, vazhinji vanozvarwa patsva vanodzokazve kurema kwese kwavakaita uye vanodzokera pakuzvarwa kwavo.
Average Baby Weight Mwedzi
Nedzimwe mwedzi, vazhinji vacheche vachabva vawana anenge pondo pamusoro pekuberekwa kwavo. Panguva ino, vacheche havana kufanana nehope , vanotanga kuve nemaitiro ekudyisa nguva dzose, uye vanonyanya kunyanya munguva yekudyisa.
Paavhareji, vana vanowana imwe pound imwe neimwe kwemwedzi mitanhatu yekutanga.
Zvadaro, pakati pemwedzi mitanhatu negore rimwe, pfuma inorema inoderedza zvishoma. Vazhinji vana vanowedzera kuberekwa kwavo kwemazera kusvika pamwedzi mitanhatu kusvika kumatanhatu uye katatu iyo panguva yavanenge vane gore.
Ivhareji inorema yemwedzi mitanhatu inenge makirogiramu makumi manomwe (7.3 kg) yevasikana uye 17 pounds 8,9 kg yevakomana. Negore rimwe chete, muvhareji uremu hwemusikana mucheche inenge makirogiramu makumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu (8,9 kg) nevakomana vanoyera anenge makirogiramu matatu (9,6 kg).
Zvinhu zvinokanganisa uremu hwemwana ndezvi:
- Gender: Vakomana vanowanzoyera zvishoma kupfuura vasikana vezera rimwe chete mucheche.
- Rudzi rwekudya: Vana vakaberekwa nevana vanogona kunge vasina kukura nekukurumidza sekunge vacheche vanotora fomu.
- Chiito Chekuita: Rimwe rucheche rinoshanda rinogona kupera zvishoma.
Mifananidzo mbiri iri pasi inoratidza kuenzanisa uremu hwevana kubva pamwedzi mumwe kusvika kune rimwe gore zvichibva pamatsetse ekuwedzera e WHO. Imwe tafura ndeyevakomana, uye imwe ndeyevasikana. Chati imwe neimwe inoratidza 50th percentile pamwe nehutano kubva pa3 kusvika ku 97th percentile. Izvi zvikwereti zvakakura ndezvipi zvehutano, zvizere zvevana vacheche. Chiremba angashandisa mahwendefa ekuwedzera ekurera vana vasati vasvika, kana vacheche vanoberekwa vane zvido zvehutano zvakakosha. Yeuka, izvi zvinongorondedzerwa. Kana uchinetseka kuti mwana wako ari kuwana kuwandisa kwakanyanya kana kusakwanira , unofanira kuonana nachiremba.
| Age | 50th Percentile | Range - 3 kusvika ku 97th Percentile |
|---|---|---|
| Mwedzi 1 | 9 lbs 14 oz (4.5 kg) | 7 lbs 8 oz - 12 lbs 9 oz (3.4 - 5.7 kg) |
| Mwedzi miviri | 12 lbs 5 oz (5.6 kg) | 9 lbs 11 oz - 15 lbs 7 oz (4.4 - 7.0 kg) |
| 3 mwedzi | 14 lbs (6.4 kg) | 11 lbs 3 oz - 17 lbs 8 oz (5.1 - 7.9 kg) |
| 4 mwedzi | 15 lbs 7 oz (7.0 kg) | 12 lbs 6 oz - 18 lbs 15 oz (5.6 - 8.6 kg) |
| 5 mwedzi | 16 lbs 9 oz (7.5 kg) | 13 lbs 6 oz - 20 lbs 5 oz (6.1 - 9.2 kg) |
| 6 mwedzi | 17 lbs 8 oz (7.9 kg) | 14 lbs 3 oz - 21 lbs 7 oz (6.4 - 9.7 kg) |
| 7 mwedzi | 18 lbs 5 oz (8.3 kg) | 14 lbs 14 oz - 22 lbs 6 oz (6.7 - 10.2 kg) |
| 8 mwedzi | 19 lbs (8.6 kg) | 15 lbs 7 oz - 23 lbs 2 oz (7.0 - 10.5 kg) |
| 9 mwedzi | 19 lbs 10 oz (8.9 kg) | 15 lbs 14 oz - 24 lbs 1 oz (7.2 - 10.9 kg) |
| Mwedzi gumi | 20 lbs 3 oz (9.2 kg) | 16 lbs 7 oz - 24 lbs 12 oz (7.5 - 11.2 kg) |
| 11 mwedzi | 20 lbs 12 oz (9.4 kg) | 16 lbs 14 oz - 25 lbs 7 oz (7.7 - 11,5 kg) |
| Mwedzi 12 | 21 lbs 3 oz (9.6 kg) | 17 lbs 5 oz - 26 lbs 2 oz (7.8 - 11.8 kg) |
| Age | 50th Percentile | Range - 3 kusvika ku 97th Percentile |
|---|---|---|
| Mwedzi 1 | 9 lbs 4 oz (4.2 kg) | 7 lbs 2 oz - 12 lbs (3.2 - 5.4 kg) |
| Mwedzi miviri | 11 lbs 4 oz (5.1 kg) | 8 lbs 13 oz - 14 lbs 6 oz (4.0 - 6.5 kg) |
| 3 mwedzi | 12 lbs 14 oz (5.8 kg | 10 lbs 2 oz - 16 lbs 5 oz (4.6 - 7.4 kg) |
| 4 mwedzi | 14 lbs 2 oz (6.4 kg) | 11 lbs 3 oz - 17 lbs 14 oz (5.1 - 8.1 kg) |
| 5 mwedzi | 15 lbs 3 oz (6.9 kg) | 12 lbs 1 oz - 19 lbs 3 oz (5.5 - 8.7 kg) |
| 6 mwedzi | 16 lbs 2 oz (7.3 kg) | 12 lb 13 oz - 20 lbs 5 oz (5.8 - 9.2 kg) |
| 7 mwedzi | 16 lbs 14 oz (7.6 kg) | 13 lbs 7 oz - 21 lbs 4 oz (6.1 - 9.6 kg) |
| 8 mwedzi | 17 lbs 7 oz (7.9 kg) | 13 lbs 14 oz - 22 lbs 2 oz (6.3 - 10.0 kg) |
| 9 mwedzi | 18 lbs 2 oz (8.2 kg) | 14 lbs 8 oz - 22 lbs 15 oz (6.6 - 10.4 kg) |
| Mwedzi gumi | 18 lbs 11 oz (8.5 kg) | 14 lbs 15 oz - 23 lbs 10 oz (6.8 - 10.7 kg) |
| 11 mwedzi | 19 lbs 4 oz (8.7 kg) | 15 lbs 5 oz - 24 lbs 5 oz (7.0 - 11.0 kg) |
| Mwedzi 12 | 19 lbs 10 oz (8.9 kg) | 15 lbs 12 oz - 25 lbs (7.1 - 11.3 kg) |
A
Avhareji yehucheche hwedhi (Urefu) Nomwedzi
Nenzira yakawanda, mumwedzi mitanhatu yekutanga, mwana anowedzera anenge imwe masendimita pamwedzi. Pakati pemwedzi mitanhatu negore rimwe, inononoka zvishoma kusvika pa2 1/2 inch pamwedzi. Ivhareji yenguva yemucheche pamwedzi mitanhatu inenge 26 1/2 masentimita (67.6 cm), uye mwana musikana anenge anenge masendimita makumi mashanu nemashanu (65.7 cm). Negore rimwe vakomana vari makiromita makumi maviri nemashanu (75.7 cm), uye vasikana vanosvika masendimita 74 masikati.
Izvo zvinhu zvinogadzirisa zvakakwirira ndezvi:
- Genetics: Kukwirira kweamai vemwana, baba, uye dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri vane chinonyanya kukosha pakureba kwemwana.
- Gender: Boys vanowanzove vakapfuura vakadzi.
- Zvokudya zvinovaka muviri : Kudya kwakanaka kwemaviri panguva yekudzivirira uye mwana mushure mekuberekwa kunogona kuvimbisa kuti muviri wemwana uri kuwana mavitamini, mineral, uye mapuroteni akakodzera emapfupa ane utano hwakanaka.
- Kurara muenzaniso: Dzidzo dzinoratidza kuti vacheche vanokura murefu pashure pekuvhara uye nguva refu yekurara.
- Basa rekuita muviri: Kuramba kwemuviri uye kuita zvepanyama kunobatsira kuvaka masimba nemapfupa.
- Utano hwakakwana: Kurwara kusingaperi uye zvirwere panguva yehuduku zvinogona kukanganisa kukura uye kubudirira.
Mifananidzo mbiri iri pasi inoratidza huwandu hwehurefu kana kukwirira kwevana kubvira pamwedzi mumwe kusvika kune rimwe gore zvichienderana nehutano hwe WHO. Imwe tafura ndeyevakomana, uye imwe ndeyevasikana. Chati imwe neimwe inoratidza 50th percentile pamwe nehutano kubva pa3 kusvika ku 97th percentile. Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, matanho aya ekukura ndeokuti ane utano hwakakwana, nguva dzose. Zvakare, izvi zvinongorondedzerwa. Kana uchinetseka pamusoro pekukura kwevana vako, unofanira kutaurira mutengi wako wehutano.
* Masendimita akakomberedza kune inenge inenge 4,5 inch.
| Age | 50th Percentile | Range - 3 kusvika ku 97th Percentile |
|---|---|---|
| Mwedzi 1 | 21 1/2 mu (54.7 cm) | 20 - 23 mu (51.1 - 58.4 cm) |
| Mwedzi miviri | 23 mu (58.4 cm) | 21 1/2 - 24 1/2 mu (54.7 - 62.2 cm) |
| 3 mwedzi | 24 1/4 mu (61.4 cm) | 22 1/2 - 25 3/4 mu (57.6 -65.3 cm) |
| 4 mwedzi | 25 1/4 mu (63.9 cm) | 23 1/2 - 26 3/4 mu (60.0 - 67.8 cm) |
| 5 mwedzi | 26 mu (65.9 cm) | 24 1/2 - 27 1/2 mu (61.9 - 69.9 cm) |
| 6 mwedzi | 26 1/2 mu (67.6 cm) | 25 - 28 1/4 mu (63.6 - 71.6 cm) |
| 7 mwedzi | 27 1/4 mu (69.2 cm) | 25 1/2 - 28 3/4 mu (65.1 - 73.2 cm) |
| 8 mwedzi | 27 3/4 mu (70.6 cm) | 26 1/4 - 29 1/2 mu (66.5 - 74.7 cm) |
| 9 mwedzi | 28 1/4 mu (72.0 cm) | 26 3/4 - 30 mu (67.7 - 76.2 cm) |
| Mwedzi gumi | 28 3/4 mu (73.3 cm) | 27 1/4 - 30 1/2 mu (69.0 - 77.6 cm) |
| 11 mwedzi | 29 1/4 mu (74,5 cm) | 27 1/2 - 31 mu (70.2 - 78.9 cm) |
| Mwedzi 12 | 29 3/4 mu (75.7 cm) | 28 - 31 1/2 mu (71.3 - 80.2 cm) |
| Age | 50th Percentile | Range - 3 kusvika ku 97th Percentile |
|---|---|---|
| Mwedzi 1 | 21 mu (53. 7 cm) | 19 3/4 - 22 3/4 mu (50.0 - 57.4 cm) |
| Mwedzi miviri | 22 1/2 mu (57.1 cm) | 20 3/4 - 24. mu (53.2 - 60.9 cm) |
| 3 mwedzi | 23 1/2 mu (59.8 cm) | 22 - 25 mu (55.8 - 63.8 cm) |
| 4 mwedzi | 24 1/2 mu (62.1 cm) | 22 3/4 - 26 mu (58.0 - 66.2 cm) |
| 5 mwedzi | 25 1/4 mu (64.0 cm) | 23 1/2 - 27 mu (59.9 - 68.2 cm) |
| 6 mwedzi | 25 3/4 mu (65.7 cm) | 24 1/4 - 27 1/2 mu (61.5 - 70.0 cm) |
| 7 mwedzi | 26 1/2 mu (67.3 cm) | 24 3/4 - 28 1/4 mu (62.9 - 71.6 cm) |
| 8 mwedzi | 27 mu (68.7 cm) | 25 1/4 - 28 3/4 mu (64.3 - 73.2 cm) |
| 9 mwedzi | 27 1/2 mu (70.1 cm) | 25 3/4 - 29 1/2 mu (65.6 - 74.7 cm) |
| Mwedzi gumi | 28 mu (71.5 cm) | 26 1/4 - 30. in (66.8 - 76.1 cm) |
| 11 mwedzi | 28 1/2 mu (72.8 cm) | 26 3/4 - 30 1/2 mu (68.0 - 77.5 cm) |
| Mwedzi 12 | 29 mu (74.0 cm) | 27 1/4 - 31. in (69.2 - 78.9 cm) |
Kurasikirwa kwehuremu uye Kuwana Mucheche
Kunyange zvazvo zvizere kuti mwana achangoberekwa kushaya uremu mumazuva mashomanana ekutanga ehupenyu, mushure mekunge nguva iyoyo, kuora muviri kana kushaya uremu huri mumwana chiratidzo chechinetso. Kune vakomana vane mazamu, zvinogona kureva kuti mwana haawani zvakakwana mukaka wemvere .
Kana zvasvika pakurema, vana vakaberekwa nechechecheche vashoma kudarika mazamu-vana vanoyamwisa kuti vawane uwandu hwakawandisa zvakakurumidza. Kuyamwisa kunogona kubatsira kubatsira kudzivirira kuderedza kuwedzera uye kuwedzera. Asi, vana vanoyamwisa vana vanogona kuwana zvakawanda kana mai vane mukaka wakawanda wemukaka wemwana, mwana anowedzera nguva yakawanda yekuyamwisa, kana zvokudya zvakasimba zvakatanga kutanga.
Kukura Kwemucheche Kunoputika
Vana vacheche havanokure pamutengo usingagumi. Vane dzimwe nguva apo vanokura zvishoma nezvishoma uye nguva apo vanopfura kamwe kamwe. Apo pavanenge vachiwedzera kukura kwekukura munguva shomanana, inonzi kuwedzera kukura . Kukura kunokanganisa chero nguva, uye hazvirevi kutevera muenzaniso. Mamwe emakore ayo mwana wako anogona kuwedzera kukura ari pamazuva gumi, vhiki nhatu, vhiki nhanhatu, mwedzi mitatu, uye mwedzi mitanhatu.
Mukati uye shure kwekuwedzera kukura, mwana wako achada mukaka wemvere. Sezvo mukaka wemazamu unogadzirwa zvichienderana nekugovera uye kudiwa, mwana wako achayamwisa nguva zhinji munguva idzi. Iwe unogona kunge uchida kuyamwa mwana wako zvakanyanya seawa imwe chete kana maviri. Izvi kuwedzera mukuyamwisa kunotaurira muviri wako kuti uite mukaka wakawanda . Nenguva isipi, izvi zvinowanzopedza zvezuva kana maviri sezvo mukaka wako unogadzirisa kudiwa kwevana vako vanokura. Mushure maizvozvi, mwana wako anofanirwa kudzokera pasi kune imwe nzira yekudyisa nguva dzose.
Shoko kubva kuTwellwell
Vana vari vanhu. Vanokura pamitengo yakasiyana. Zvakaoma kuenzanisa mwana mumwe kune mumwe, kunyange kana vari hama nehanzvadzi. Paunotarisa kune vamwe vana, zvinogona kuva zvinotyisa kana iwe uchifunga kuti mwana wako muduku kudarika iye anofanira kunge ari kana anoyera kupfuura zvaanofanirwa nezera rake. Nenguva isipi, kune nzira iri nyore yekudzikisa kutya kwako uye kuziva zvakajeka kana mwana wako achikura sekutarisira. Iwe unotofanira kutevera purogiramu yenguva dzose yekushanyirwa kwevana zvakanaka izvo mupiki wako wehutano anopa iwe.
Chiremba wemwana wako ndiyo yakanakisisa inopa ruzivo kana zvasvika pakukura kwevana vako nekukura. Chiremba achayera nekuyera mwana wako nguva dzose kana iwe uchimuona. Uye, iye acharamba achicherechedza kukura kwomwana wako uye hutano hwakakwana munguva. Nenzira iyi, unogona kunzwa uine chivimbo chokuti mwana wako ari kukura pane zvakajairika, hutano hwakanaka. Uye, kana pane nyaya kana zvinetso, zvinogona kuonekwa uye kutarisirwa pakarepo.
> Sources:
> De Onis, M. WHO vana kukura mitemo: urefu / urefu-kwe-age, kuyerwa-kwe-age, kurema-kwe-kureba, kuyerwa-kwe-urefu uye muviri mashoma index-for-age . WHO. 2006.
> Dubois L, Kyvik KO, Girard M, Tatone-Tokuda F, Perusse D, Hjelmborg J, Skytthe A, Rasmussen F, Wright MJ, Lichtenstein P, Martin NG. Zvipo zveGenetic uye zvakatipoteredza kune uremu, kureba, uye BMI kubva pakuberekwa kusvika pamakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemakore: chidzidzo chepasi pose chepamusoro pe12,000 mapatya maviri. PLOS rimwe. 2012 Feb 8; 7 (2): e30153.
> Lawrence, Ruth A., MD, Lawrence, Robert M., MD. Kuberekwa Kutungamirirwa Kwechiremba Chiremba Eightth Edition. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2015.
> National Centre for Health Statistics. WHO Growth Standards Inokurudzirwa Kushandiswa muUnited States yevana Vacheche nevana Vana kusvika kune 2 Makore emakore. Nzvimbo dzeDaase Control uye Kudzivirira. 2010.
> Villar J, Ismail LC, Victora CG, Ohuma EO, Bertino E, Altman DG, Lambert A, Papageorghiou AT, Carvalho M, Jaffer YA, Gravett MG. Nharaunda dzepasi rose dzekuzvarwa patsva, kureba, uye musoro wakatarisana nezera rekuita zvepabonde uye zvepabonde: Chidzidzo cheNewborn Cross-Sectional Chirongwa chePRGROWTH-21. The Lancet. 2014 Sep 6; 384 (9946): 857-68.