Post yekuzvitakura nguva iyo vakadzi vachiri nemibvunzo yakawanda. Kuberekwa kunobata sei muviri? Ndezvipi izvi zvose zvinotaura pamusoro pepasi yepasi? Iwe unogona kutanga rini kushanda kunze kwekudururira mwana uremu? Unotanga kuwana nguva yako rini? Sylvia Brown, munyori we Post-Pregnancy Handbook, anopindura mibvunzo iyi nevamwe vazhinji muhurukuro iyi yega.
Mubvunzo:
Ndeipi inonyanya kukosha iyo vakadzi vanofanira kuziva pamusoro pezvinoitika kumitumbi yavo mushure mekuita pamuviri?
Mhinduro:
Mukadzi mumwe nomumwe achaita zvakasiyana nemigumisiro yekuzvitakura uye kubereka . Kungofanana nekukwira kwemakomo kana scuba diving, zvakaoma kuziva kuti muviri wako uchaita sei kusvikira iwe uhuwana. Zvakawanda zvinoenderana nokuti wakaneta sei pamagumo ekuzvitora kwako, kana iwe uri kusimba mune simbi kana zvimwe zvibereko, uye wakaberekwa sei nekubereka mwana: C-chikamu ? Episiotomy kana kubvarura? Kubata kwenguva refu ?
Kuberekwa uye kuberekwa kunotyisa kunokonzera zvinetso zvehutano zvishomanana zvisingatauri - kurwadziwa shure, zvirwere, kuvhiringidza uye varicose vevine, kutumidza vashomanana - kana kuti kuratidzira dormant. Pedyo nehafu yevana vatsva vane unhu humwe hwehutano hwakanaka mumavhiki anotevera kuberekwa. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chokuyeuka ndechekuti postpartum period inguva yekuchinja panguva yatinofanira kutarisira isu pachedu.
Chimwe chinetso chisingadzivisiki chinotarisana nevana vese vatsva vari kutarisana nekuneta. Zvinotora maawa manomwe kusvika masere ekushaya hope muvhiki kuitira kutanga kuratidza zviratidzo zvekurara kwekurara, uye kuneta ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinokonzera kushungurudzika. Mazano angu matatu ekukunda kukundikana ndeaya:
- Ronga mberi mberi kwekuzvarwa kwomwana. Ndiani achabatsira mabasa epamba? Ndiani achatarisira vana vakwegura? Ndiani uchakwanisa kusiya mwana wacho kuti abve mumba kuti apfuure? Kumbira shamwari dzako kuti dzive rubatsiro kana kuchengetedza imba sechipo checheche, kana kuti kune mumwe munhu kutenga, kubika kudya uye kushambidza ndiro.
- Kurara pose paunogona. Zvakanaka, iwe unofanirwa kuva nemaviri maviri pazuva mushure mavhiki mashomanana ekutanga. Kana mwana akarara, siya zvose uye ugone kurara. Hapana chakakosha kudarika kupumzika kwako.
Buda. Tora nguva yako. Buda mumba kuti uite chimwe chinhu che "munhu mukuru" basa zuva rega rega, kunyange kana kwemaminitsi 45 chete. Iwe uchashamisika nekukurumidza uku kunogona kusimudzira mweya wako.
Mubvunzo: Chii chingaita vakadzi vasati vabata pamuviri kuti vabatsire kuve nekuita nyore kutora pamuviri wechiitiko?
A: Ronga, urongwa, urongwa. Ndinogara ndichishamisika kuti vangani vakadzi vanofunga kuti kana mwana aberekwa, ivo vangangomhanya vachienda kumavirazuva. Zvinosuruvarisa, makirasi akawanda ekugadzirira kubereka haachenjeri vanaamai vanguva yakazara pamusoro pekumanikidzwa kwavanenge vachida kuitika.
Mubvunzo: Unotora nguva yakareba sei kuti muviri wemukadzi udzoke kumamiriro ayo asati atakura?
A: Mavhiki matanhatu ekutanga inguva yekuporesa, kufanana pamwe nekudzoka . Zvinotora nhengo dzepabonde 6 masvondo kusvika mwedzi miviri kudzokera kuhukuru hwavo hwepakutanga uye basa. Izvo hutachiona hutachiona hunozorora , hunoita kuti hukura uye kuwedzerwa kwezvibatanidza zvinokonzera - mitsipa, masimba - acharamba ari mumuviri wemadzimai matsva kwemwedzi mitanhatu. Ichi ndicho chikonzero mitezo yemadzimai matsva yakaoma kwazvo - 50 muzana inonzwa kurwadza kwepashure - uye nei chero chinhu chakakosha chekuita chinokonzera kushungurudzika kukuru pasi pechipfuva uye nhengo dzepamuviri.
Prolactin , iyo hormone inobereka mukaka muamai vanoyamwisa, ine zvimwe zvakafanana. Muna 66 kubva muzana yevakadzi, maziso emimba akadzika akasiyana uye anotora masvondo matanhatu kuti apore. Nokuda kwezvikonzero izvi, zvakakosha kugadzirisa maitiro ekunyorova pasi peplavic uye maitiro ekudzivirira pamuviri, kufamba nekushambira - kana wanyatsopedza kubuda ropa - kwemwedzi miviri, kana masvondo gumi pashure peC-section. Mavhiki masere mushure mekuberekwa, unogona kutanga kutora mumaminitsi gumi nemaminetsi, uchivaka nemaminitsi mashanu pavhiki. Iwe unogona kutanga kutamba tennis, bhasikoro uye kuita zvakashata-aerobics zvakare kwemwedzi 4 kusvikira kumashanu mushure mekusununguka.
Nezvekurema, zvakawanda zvinoenderana nehukuru hwako usati wava nepamuviri. Inenge chikamu chetatu chemadzimai vatsva avo vakanga "vane ruvara" vasati vaita pamuviri uye vakawana mapepa 25 kusvika ku30 chete vachadzoka kuhutano hwavo hwemazuva anenge matatu mushure mokuberekwa. Vakwegura madzimai, vatatu kana vana vechina amai, kana kuti vakadzi vane mhirizhonga yepamusoro-soro vacharasikirwa nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwavo hwakanyanya pakati pemwedzi mitatu nemwedzi mushure mokuberekwa. Vakadzi vanorema kudarika vacharasikirwa nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwavo hunorema kusvika pamwedzi mitanhatu mushure mokuberekwa. Vanobatsirawo kunyanya kubva mukuyamwisa kwemwedzi inopfuura mishanu.
Vamwe vakadzi vanoona kuti kunetseka kwezvirwere zvishoma zvoutano zvakadai semhemorrhoids, varicose veins, kubuda ropa uye ganda rekudzivirira rinopera kwemwedzi. Kunyanya kukosha kunokosha munezviitiko izvi nokuti chimwe chinhu chinowanzoitwa kuti chigadzire. Zvepabonde zvingave zvisina kunetseka kwechinguva, kunyanya kana iwe wakanga uine matanho akawanda. Tarisa nehutano hwako kuti uone kuti hauna tsvina isina kukodzera. Mafuta akawanda uye kushivirira zvinokosha.
Pakupedzisira, vamwe vakadzi vanoona kuti zvikamu zvemuviri wavo zvinoshanduka zvachose mushure mekuberekwa, zvakadai senzira iyo mafuta inogadziriswa, nhanho yegumbo, chifukidzo chemazamu kana vhudzi ravo.
Mubvunzo: Kuve nekudzikinura kubva pakuberekwa zvakasiyana sei kune vakadzi vakaberekerwa pamuviri nevakadzi vanopiwa C-chikamu ?
A: Mushure mokuberekwa kwevakadzi, amai vatsva vanogona kunetseka munharaunda yake yepabonde, zvikurukuru kana aine episiotomy kana kuputika, pamwe chete nemhemorrhoids. Anogonawo kunzwa akanetseka kurwadziwa kwepamusoro apo kana coccyx yake yakasununguka. Anogona kutora nguva refu kuti awane zvepabonde anofadza zvakare.
Mushure mechikamu chekuchengetedza, amai vatsva vanogona kunetseka sezvo basa rake rekudya richidzoka kune rakanaka nekuda kwegasi rakabatwa. Huru yake inogona kupisa uye kupisa. Kurwadziwa nguva nenguva uye kutsamwa kunogona kupera kwemavhiki matanhatu kusvika ku8. Anofanirwa kumirira kwenguva yakareba kuti atange chirongwa chekuvhidzira: anenge masvondo gumi.
Mubvunzo: Vakadzi vacharamba vachimirira rini pakati pekudzivirira? Nei izvi zvichikosha?
A: Zvakare, izvi zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwekuzvitakura iwe watova nawo, rudzi rwekuberekwa kwawakanga uine, kuti wakanga wakaneta uye kuti muviri wako wakawana sei. Zvinonakidza kuziva kuti mumagariro ekutanga, vana vacheche vari pakati pemakore ose maviri, sezvo vanaamai vanonwisa nguva dzose gore rose. Zviri pachena kuti zvakanyanya kugadziriswa iwe uri kubva pamuviri wako wakapfuura, zviri nani kuti iwe uite pamuviri unotevera uchanzwa.
Mubvunzo: Kuva nechecheche zvinoreva here kuti kusagadzikana mune ramangwana kunotarisirwa?
A: Kunyange zvazvo ichokwadi kuti vana vatatu vatsva vanowanzoona humwe hutano kana hutano husina kufanana nekushushikana, zvakadai sekucheka mushure mekukanganiswa, kusvetuka, kuseka kana kukwirira kwakadai sekumhanya, mumasvondo anotevera kuberekwa, ipapo hazvina zvachose chikonzero chekutarisira matambudziko emangwana nekusaziva.
Zvinosuruvarisa, vakadzi vakawanda havazivi zvakakwana pamusoro pepasi yavo pasi. Tisati taberekwa, tinogadzirira miviri yedu kuti izarure asi tinokanganwa kuti kupfigira kunodawo kushanda. Iyi nzira inokosha pakuva mukadzi zvakare semutauriri wepelvic pasi inobatsira zvakanakira hutano hwepabonde.
Munguva yepamuviri, uremu hwechibereko hunowedzera ka20 kusvika makumi matatu. Apo inokura, chibereko chinosimudzira chikwata pasi. Uyezve, mishonga nemirasi iyo inowanzosimudza nhengo dzekuberekwa uye dzekudya dzinoita kuti dzive dzisina simba pasi pemigumisiro yekusununguka. Kuberekwa kunobva kwasununguka uye kunokanganisa maronda aya, pasinei nokuti mukadzi anonyatsogadzirira sei kutakura. Mushure mokuberekwa kwechikadzi, gorosi yepelvic inorasikirwa ne50 kubva muzana yezwi raro. Episiotomies, misodzi uye kusagadzikana kusinganzwisisiki panguva yekudzingwa zvese zvinowedzera kukanganisa. Kana miviri yepasviviti isati yadzorerwa mumutauro wavo chaiwo, s sphincters haigoni kumira pasi zvakanaka pamusoro pechidzitiro - uye pane dzimwe nguva pamusana-kuvhura, zvichikonzera kuora.
Saka zvinokosha kuti utange unyoro hwepelvic pasi hutambo hwekuita mazuva mumazuva mushure mekuberekwa uye kuti uite izvi kwemaminitsi 9 pazuva kwevhiki 6 dzokutanga. Mafirimu pasi muviri maitiro anobatsirawo mukufambisa mushonga wekuporesa mushure mokunge uine episiotomy kana kuputika. Usatanga chirongwa chekuita basa kusvikira pasi yako yepilvic yatorazve 'inzwi. Murwere wako wehutano anofanirwa kutarisa terera yako pasi pepilvic pane yako postpartum check up. Kana vasina kudaro, bvunzai!
Mubvunzo: Mukadzi anogona kutarisira kuti mimba yake ive yakasimba uye yakadzika zvakare mushure mekuita pamuviri here? Izvi zvinogona kuitika sei?
A: Sezvandaitsanangura pamusoro apa, haufaniri kutanga basa rakakomba pamimba kusvikira:
- Pasi yako yepilvic isimba zvakare. Kana zvisingaiti, mishonga yemimba inodonha pasi pamakumbo emukati, ayo anotakurawo pasi pasi pevhu. Kana misi miviri yeplanvic isingakwanisi kupa rubatsiro rwakakosha, kuvhenekera, kufamba kwebonde uye zvekuti zvepabonde zvinoshanda zvichave zvakakanganiswa, chiitiko chinonzi prolapse.
- Maviri maviri akafanana akafanana nemakumbo emimba haana pasi pemakona maviri emakamuri oga. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pamasvondo matanhatu kusvika ku8 - 10 kana uine C-chikamu - iwe unofanirwa kuita zvinyoro, kubatanidza masimba ekudzidzira.
Mumwedzi miviri mushure mokuberekwa, unogona kutanga basa remuviri, kutanga nemagetsi. Kana iwe wakanga uine C-Chikamu, tsanangurira kumashandiro epasiro kwemwedzi inenge mushure mekuberekwa. Dzivisa kuzara-kwese, "bhasikoro" kana kuti "zvike." Tarisa pane zvinyorwa, iro basa rayo rokudhonza naro, kusimudza uye kudzvinyirira mudumbu uchiri kutsigira. Zvinotora nguva kutaridza masimba emimba, asi vanogona kudzidziswa kutarisa flat zvakare.
Mubvunzo: Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinonyevera zvekupera kwepfungwa kana chirwere chepfungwa? Mukadzi anofanira kuitei pakutsvaga rubatsiro kune izvi? Inguva yakareba sei mushure mekusununguka zvinogona kuitika here?
A: Pane zvinyorwa zvitatu zvakakosha zvekushushikana pakuberekwa:
- Baby Blues inowanikwa pakati pezuva rechipiri negumi nemasere, uye inonyanya kukonzerwa nehuwandu hwehutachiona hwemuviri wemuviri mutsva. Inobata makumi mapfumbamwe nezana evakadzi pamatongerwo ose emagariro evanhu, zvisinei kuti chii chakaitika pakuzvarwa kwavo. Zviratidzo zvinowanzoitika ndezvekusvimha misodzi, kazhinji pasina chikonzero chaicho, mafungiro evanhu, kushaya hanya, kushungurudzika pakuisa pfungwa, kuzvidya mwoyo, kunzwa kwekuora mwoyo uye kushungurudzika, uye kusazorora kwekurara maitiro. Izvi zvinotora kubva maawa makumi maviri nemaviri kusvika mazuva manomwe. Nokuti haisi chirwere, chinogona kurapwa nekuzorora uye kutsigirwa. Mumwe mubereki ane basa rinokosha kutamba kuti agare mudzimai mutsva kubva pane zvakanyanya kupindira uye kumuita kuti anzwe achidiwa uye anokoshesa.
- Kukanganisa kwakawanda kunowanzokonzerwa nekuora . Vanenge vese vanaamai vatsva vanoona misodzi, pfungwa yekuora mwoyo, kuzviparadzanisa, kushaya mhosva, kutsamwa, kukanganwa, kana zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvepanyama zvakabatana nekuneta. Izvi zvinowanzoitika mukati memwedzi mina yekutanga mushure mekusununguka. Mhedzisiro yakakura nekudengenyeka kwekumuka kwepasipo kunotsanangurwa pasi apa ndeyokuti vanoitika mukati-kati uye vanogadziriswa nehope dzakanyanya, noutano huri nani kana zvimwe zvinovaka muviri, rubatsiro uye rubatsiro nemhuri yekubatsira nekuvaraidza.
- Kuora mwoyo pashure pekuita chirwere chepfungwa chinokanganisa 1 mu10 vanaamai vatsva, uye inofanira kurapwa nemishonga uyerapi. Muna 40 muzana yematambudziko, kuora mwoyo mushure mekuberekwa kunotanga mushure mekunge amai vatsva vamuve vhiki 6 vatarisa. Saka zvinowanzooma kuongorora. Vanaamai vatsva vanofanira kufara! Kune zvishoma kushivirira kana kunzwisisa kune vakadzi vasingakodzeri chifananidzo ichi. Kunyange zvazvo zvimwe zviratidzo zvakangofanana nekuderera kunorwadza kunokonzerwa nekuneta uye zvinetso zvekudya, mutsauko mukuru ndewokuti munyaya yekushungurudzika kwepashure, maonero aya anogara aripo.
Mukadzi anogonawo kutariswa nekutyisidzika, pfungwa dzisina kunaka uye mafungiro, uye huwandu hunofadza hwekunakidza. Pane chikonzero chekudengenyeka kwemazuva mashoma mumamiriro ezvinhu apo mukadzi ave ane zvinetso zvepfungwa zvekare, kana amai vake, tete kana hanzvadzi vakatarisana nechinetso ichi. Kusarapwa kusati kwatorwa, kusuruvara kwepabonde kunogona kupfuurira kwemakore.
Puerperal psychosis chirwere chakakomba chepfungwa chepfungwa chinokanganisa 1 pavakadzi 1 000, kazhinji kacho kunopera anenge masvondo maviri mushure mekusununguka. Inokonzera kushushikana kukuru kwemanzwiro, kukanganisa, kuora mwoyo, kurasikirwa kwepfungwa uye kushaya tsika. Kachipatara chirwere chinodiwa. Nechitendero chakanaka, vazhinji vakadzi vanopora zvachose.
Mubvunzo: Ndezvipi vakadzi vanofanira kutarisira nguva yekuenda kumwedzi kuti vadzokezve?
A: Izvi zvinoenderana nokuti uri kunyanyisa here kana kuti kwete. Kana iwe usisiri kunyanyisa, nguva yako yokutanga ichaitika mwedzi miviri mushure mokuberekwa. Zvisinei, hapana nzira yokuziva nayo paunotanga kuvhara zvakare: 90 kubva muzana yevakadzi havazovhiri mberi kwekutanga. Kubata pamuviri kunokosha kana iwe uchiita zvepabonde mushure mekuberekwa.
Kana iwe uchiyamwisa, nguva yako inogona kutanga chero nguva iyo inotanga inenge mwedzi miviri mushure mekusununguka. Vamwe vakadzi vanongotora nguva yavo shure kana varega kuyamwisa. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kunyamwa haisi nzira yekubata pamuviri. Icho chishuwo chechecheche anoyamwa anotumira shoko kuuropi kubvisa hormone inokurudzira kuvhara. Kubudirira kwekuderedza uku kunoenderana nesimba uye nguva yakawanda yekuyamwisa. Kuyamwisa kushanda senzira yekudzivirira kubata pamuviri, mwana aifanira kutarisira nguva yakazara, akapoteredza awa.
Mubvunzo: Inguva yakareba sei mushure mekuberekwa kwevakadzi vanofanira kumirira vasati vaita zvepabonde uye / kana kushandisa mishonga yekudzivirira? Ndeupi rudzi rwekudzivirira pamuviri kwakanakisisa kumukadzi achangobva kuberekwa? Ndezvipi (zviratidzo) zvekudzivirira pamuviri hazvifaniri kushandiswa nevakadzi vakangoberekwa?
A: Vazhinji vehutano vanovhiringidza vakadzi kuti vasaita zvepabonde mukati mavhiki matanhatu ekuberekwa mushure mekuberekwa kwekuti nhengo dzebereki kazhinji dzisina kupora. Vanaamai vakawanda vatsva vanotaura kuti kuita zvepabonde chinhu chakanyanya kubva mupfungwa dzavo panguva iyi. Vakadzi vakawanda vanoyamwisa vanowana kuti kubatana nevana vavo kunovazadzisa zvachose.
Vakawanda vehutano vanorayira zvipembenene zvekudzivirira kubata pamuviri - kondomu uye spermicide - yekuyamwisa vakadzi. Mumazuva mashomanana ekutanga mushure mekuberekwa, masimba emadzimai aya akawedzerwa uye mishonga yepineineal yakasvibiswa, izvo zvinoreva kuti diaphragm haigoni kuita sechikonzero chakakodzera.
Iva nechokwadi chokuti une diaphragm itsva yakagadzirirwa mwedzi miviri kusvika ku3 mushure mokuberekwa. Kana ukasarudza kuva neIUD inowanikwa, unofanira kutarisira kusvikira chibereko chikapora zvakakwana.
Chimiro choga chepiritsi yekubata chinopesana nekuyamwisa ndeye progesterone mini-piritsi, iyo inoshanda nekudzivirira kugadzirwa kwemukomana wemukati . Ovulation inogona kuitika, asi uterine mbatya haingagamuchiri kuiswa kweii. Iyi mapiritsi ine kusakwanira kwema 1 kusvika ku3 muzana, uyewo kuwedzerwa kwengozi ye ectopic pamuviri uye kupera nekubuda ropa. Inofanira kutorwa zuva rega rega panguva imwe chete.
Vamwe vakadzi vanogona kusarudza kushandisa chirwere chekudzivirira chirwere chakadai seDepo-Provera, icho chinopera kubva pamwedzi kusvika kumwedzi mitatu.